Tomoyuki Morimae

Blind topological measurement-based quantum computation

Blind quantum computation is a novel secure quantum-computing protocol that enables Alice, who does not have sufficient quantum technology at her disposal, to delegate her quantum computation to Bob, who has a fully fledged quantum computer, in such a way that Bob cannot learn anything about Alices input, output and algorithm. A recent proof-of-principle experiment demonstrating blind quantum computation in an optical system has raised new challenges regarding the scalability of blind quantum computation in realistic noisy conditions. Here we show that fault-tolerant blind quantum computation is possible in a topologically protected manner using the Raussendorf–Harrington–Goyal scheme. The error threshold of our scheme is 4.3×10−3, which is comparable to that (7.5×10−3) of non-blind topological quantum computation. As the error per gate of the order 10−3 was already achieved in some experimental systems, our result implies that secure cloud quantum computation is within reach.

Continuous-variable blind quantum computation.

Blind quantum computation is a secure delegated quantum computing protocol where Alice, who does not have sufficient quantum technology at her disposal, delegates her computation to Bob, who has a fully fledged quantum computer, in such a way that Bob cannot learn anything about Alices input, output, and algorithm. Protocols of blind quantum computation have been proposed for several qudit measurement-based computation models, such as the graph state model, the Affleck-Kennedy-Lieb-Tasaki model, and the Raussendorf-Harrington-Goyal topological model. Here, we consider blind quantum computation for the continuous-variable measurement-based model. We show that blind quantum computation is possible for the infinite squeezing case. We also show that the finite squeezing causes no additional problem in the blind setup apart from the one inherent to the continuous-variable measurement-based quantum computation.

Detection of Macroscopic Entanglement by Correlation of Local Observables

We propose a correlation of local observables on many sites in macroscopic quantum systems. By measuring the correlation one can detect, if any, superposition of macroscopically distinct states, which we call macroscopic entanglement, in arbitrary quantum states that are (effectively) homogeneous. Using this property, we also propose an index of macroscopic entanglement.

Macroscopic entanglement of many-magnon states

We study macroscopic entanglement of various pure states of a one-dimensional N-spin system with N>>1. Here, a quantum state is said to be macroscopically entangled if it is a superposition of macroscopically distinct states. To judge whether such superposition is hidden in a general state, we use an essentially unique index p: A pure state is macroscopically entangled if p=2, whereas it may be entangled but not macroscopically if p<2. This index is directly related to fundamental stabilities of many-body states. We calculate the index p for various states in which magnons are excited with various densities and wave numbers. We find macroscopically entangled states (p=2) as well as states with p=1. The former states are unstable in the sense that they are unstable against some local measurements. On the other hand, the latter states are stable in the senses that they are stable against any local measurements and that their decoherence rates never exceed O(N) in any weak classical noises. For comparison, we also calculate the von Neumann entropy S{sub N/2}(N) of a subsystem composed of N/2 spins as a measure of bipartite entanglement. We find that S{sub N/2}(N) of some states with p=1 is of the same ordermorexa0» of magnitude as the maximum value N/2. On the other hand, S{sub N/2}(N) of the macroscopically entangled states with p=2 is as small as O(log N)<<N/2. Therefore larger S{sub N/2}(N) does not mean more instability. We also point out that these results are partly analogous to those for interacting many bosons. Furthermore, the origin of the huge entanglement, as measured either by p or S{sub N/2}(N), is discussed to be due to spatial propagation of magnons.«xa0less

Superposition of macroscopically distinct states means large multipartite entanglement

We show relations between superposition of macroscopically distinct states and entanglement. These relations lead to the important conclusion that if a state contains superposition of macroscopically distinct states, the state also contains large multipartite entanglement in terms of several measures. Such multipartite entanglement property also suggests that if a state contains superposition of macroscopically distinct states, a measurement on a single particle drastically changes the state of macroscopically many other particles, as in the case of the N-qubit GHZ state.

Quantum computational tensor network on string-net condensate

The string-net condensate is a new class of materials which exhibits the quantum topological order. In order to answer the important question, how useful is the string-net condensate in quantum information processing?, we consider the most basic example of the string-net condensate, namely the

Low-temperature coherence properties of Z2 quantum memory

Z_2

Entanglement-fidelity relations for inaccurate ancilla-driven quantum computation

gauge string-net condensate on the two-dimensional hexagonal lattice, and show that the universal measurement-based quantum computation (in the sense of the quantum computational webs) is possible on it by using the framework of the quantum computational tensor network. This result implies that even the most basic example of the string-net condensate is equipped with the correlation space that has the capacity for the universal quantum computation.

Visualization of superposition of macroscopically distinct states

We investigate low-temperature coherence properties of the Z{sub 2} quantum memory which is capable of storing the information of a single logical qubit. We show that the memory has superposition of macroscopically distinct states for some values of a control parameter and at sufficiently low temperature and that the code states of this memory have no instability except for the inevitable one. However, we also see that the coherence power of this memory is limited by space and time. We also briefly discuss the resonating valence bond memory, which is an improvement of the Z{sub 2} quantum memory, and the relations of our results to the obscured symmetry breaking in statistical physics.

Computational power and correlation in a quantum computational tensor network

It was shown by T. Morimae [Phys. Rev. A 81, 060307(R) (2010)] that the gate fidelity of an inaccurate one-way quantum computation is upper bounded by a decreasing function of the amount of entanglement in the register. This means that a strong entanglement causes the low gate fidelity in the one-way quantum computation with inaccurate measurements. In this paper, we derive similar entanglement-fidelity relations for the inaccurate ancilla-driven quantum computation. These relations again imply that a strong entanglement in the register causes the low gate fidelity in the ancilla-driven quantum computation if the measurements on the ancilla are inaccurate.