Tong-Tong Xu

Asymmetric spatial distribution in the high-order harmonic generation of a H2 + molecule controlled by the combination of a mid-infrared laser pulse and a terahertz field

The control of the spatial distribution in the high-order harmonic generation (HHG) of a H2 + molecule is theoretically investigated by the combination of a mid-infrared laser pulse and a terahertz (THz) field. We use a THz pulse to steer the electron motion, and the numerical results show that the cutoff of the harmonic from the recombination of the electron with the nucleus along the negative-z direction is enhanced and the case along the positive-z direction is suppressed when a THz field is added. The underlying physical mechanism is illustrated by the semi-classical three step model and the ionization probability. The time-frequency analysis further demonstrates the asymmetric spatial distribution in a HHG controlled by adding a THz field.

Nonsequential double ionization channels control of Ar with few-cycle elliptically polarized laser pulse by carrier-envelope-phase.

The carrier-envelop-phase (CEP) dependence of nonsequential double ionization (NSDI) of atomic Ar with few-cycle elliptically polarized laser pulse is investigated using 2D classical ensemble method. We distinguish two particular recollision channels in NSDI, which are recollision-impact ionization (RII) and recollision-induced excitation with subsequent ionization (RESI). We separate the RII and RESI channels according to the delay time between recollision and final double ionization. By tracing the history of the trajectories, we find the electron correlation spectra as well as the competition between the two channels are sensitively dependent on the laser field CEP. Finally, control can be achieved between the two channels by varying the CEP.

High-order harmonic generation of N2 molecule in two-color circularly polarized laser fields*

The generation of high-order harmonics and the attosecond pulse of the N2 molecule in two-color circularly polarized laser fields are investigated by the strong-field Lewenstein model. We show that the plateau of spectra is dramatically extended and a continuous harmonic spectrum with the bandwidth of 113 eV is obtained. When a static field is added to the x direction, the quantum path control is realized and a supercontinuum spectrum can be obtained, which is beneficial to obtain a shorter attosecond pulse. The underlying physical mechanism is well explained by the time–frequency analysis and the semi-classical three-step model with a finite initial transverse velocity. By superposing several orders of harmonics in the combination of two-color circularly polarized laser fields and a static field, an isolated attosecond pulse with a duration of 30 as can be generated.

Multiple recollisions in nonsequential double ionization by counter-rotating two-color circularly polarized laser fields

With the three-dimensional (3D) classical ensemble method, we theoretically investigate the recollision dynamics in strong-field nonsequential double ionization (NSDI) of Ar by counter-rotating two-color circularly polarized laser fields. With the analysis of the NSDI trajectories, we find that not only multiple-recollision but also single-recollision processes occur in the double ionization events. Furthermore, the multiple-recollision and single-recollision processes both undergo the recollision-induced excitation with subsequent ionization (RESI) and recollision-induced ionization (RII). The angle between the momentum and the force of the laser field at the recollision moment can affect the times of the recollision.

Nonsequential double ionization of Mg from a doubly excited complex driven by circularly polarized laser field

With the classical ensemble method, the correlated-electron dynamics of Mg atom from a doubly excited, transition Coulomb complex in few-cycle circularly polarized (CP) laser field at low laser intensity is theoretically investigated. The low energy transfer during the recollision process indicates that the two electrons cannot release directly, but it can pass through a doubly excited state, and then escape with the ionization time difference. The numerical results show that the feature of the sequential double ionization (SDI) can be observed in the nonsequential double ionization (NSDI) process. The SDI-like results demonstrate that the intermediate state has lost any memory of its formation dynamics. The distribution of the angle between the two release directions of the two electrons also depends on the ionization time difference. Finally, the influence of e-e Coulomb repulsion is discussed.

Spectral redshift of high-order harmonics by adding a weak pulse in the falling part of the trapezoidal laser pulse

We investigate the spectral redshift of high-order harmonics of the H2 + (D2 +) molecule by numerically solving the non-Born–Oppenheimer time-dependent Schrodinger equation (TDSE). The results show that the spectral redshift of high-order harmonics can be observed by adding a weak pulse in the falling part of the trapezoidal laser pulses. Comparing with the H2 + molecule, the shift of high-order harmonic generation (HHG) spectrum for the D2 + molecule is more obvious. We employ the spatial distribution in HHG and time-frequency analysis to illustrate the physical mechanism of the spectral redshift of high-order harmonics.