Toshiaki Maruyama

RELATION BETWEEN CABINETMAKER AND IMPERIAL PALACE IN KYOTO OF EDO PERIOD

In an architectural space of Japan, there was a part supported by the traditional craft. However, it was basic that the traditional craft handed down many of technologies by the home. Therefore, material that showed the system of production, the form of business, and the relation to the society was a little and the previous work was also few, and consequentially little. In Kyoto of Edo period, in such and this thesis take up the material spread to the house of the cabinetmaker to make the imperial palace a customer.And, it is clarified to the cabinetmaker of Kyoto to have divided into the person who always goes in and out to the imperial palace and the person who was tendering at each work.

THE INVESTIGATION ON THE FORMATION OF TOWNHOUSE WHICH HAVE ENTRANCE ON THE GABLE SIDE IN SETTAN TYPE FARMHOUSE AREA:-About the argument between Mr. Osamu Oba and Mr. Ryuji Kuroda-

This paper tries to clarify the formation of old town houses distributed over Yamashiro, Settsu, and Tanba. The style of these town houses is featured by having the entrance on the gable side. Mr. Kuroda argues with Mr. Oba on this formation connected with structure. But I points out that this type had been formed with modeling on‘Hafu’(the triangle board on the gable side on the roof) by the investigation of pictures and architectural regulations with using Hafu. This opinion holds the same view with Mr. Norio Nagai.

THE BOARDING SYSTEM FOR NIJO-CASTLE CARETAKERS WITH MACHIYA IN THE END OF EDO PERIOD

注 1)西田博「福岡城防禦施設の名称について」(『西南地域史研究』第 11輯、1996)。 注 2)西田博「福岡城の歴史と構造」(『西南地域史研究』第10輯、1995)。 注 3)西田博「福岡城についての 12章」(『福岡城関係絵図類写真・史料』、1990)。 注 4)平井聖『日本の近世住宅』(鹿島出版会、1973)。 注 5)佐藤巧『近世武士住宅』(叢文社、1979)。 注 6)川上貢『日本建築史論考』(中央公論美術出版、1998)。 注 7)岡田悟、飯淵康一、永井康雄「富山城東出丸千歳御殿の平面構成と使われ方について: 嘉永 2年から安政 2年まで」(日本建築学会計画系論文集No.621、pp.157-164、2007)。 注 8)桧垣元吉監修『吉田家伝録上巻』(太宰府天満宮、pp.81、1981)。 注 9)『御要害作事箇所附』(檜垣文庫文書、九州大学蔵)。 注 10)「御本丸御間内図」(鶴久二郎旧蔵史料、元治元年、福岡市博物館蔵)。 注 11)「御本丸御殿図」(三奈木黒田史料、史料年代不明、九州文化史資料部門蔵)。 注 12)川添昭二・福岡古文書を読む会校訂『新訂黒田家譜第四巻』(文献出版、pp.143、 1982)。 注 13)「長野日記」(秀村選三編『近世福岡博多史料』第一集所収、(財)西日本文化協会、 下巻 pp.321-322、1981)。 注 14)「年代記(一)」(『福岡県史近世史料編一巻』、(財)西日本文化協会、pp.37、 1990)。 注 15)前掲、『新訂黒田家譜第四巻』、pp.350。 注 16)川添昭二・福岡古文書を読む会校訂『新校訂増補黒田家譜第二巻』(文献出版、 pp.342-343、1982)。 注 17)「正保三年福博総絵図」(黒田史料、福岡市博物館蔵)。 注 18)「福岡城下絵図」(吉田家文書、九州文化史資料部門蔵)。絵図に描かれた情報から 判断すると、寛文 9年 (1669) から同 11年までの間に描かれた絵図と思われる。 注 19)前掲、『新訂黒田家譜第二巻』、pp.342。 注 20)前掲、『新訂黒田家譜第二巻』、pp.342。 注 21)前掲、『新訂黒田家譜第二巻』、pp.348。 注 22)前掲、「年代記(一)」、pp.37。 注 23)三奈木黒田史料「御本丸御間内図」、鶴久次郎旧蔵資料「御本丸御間内之図」、伊丹 家史料「御本丸御殿図」などの本丸御殿絵図には小書院と大腰掛は描かれていない。 注 24)前掲、『新訂黒田家譜四巻』、pp.407。 注 25)前掲、『新訂黒田家譜四巻』、pp.406。 注 26)前掲、『新訂黒田家譜四巻』、pp.407。 注 27)前掲、『新訂黒田家譜四巻』、pp.408。 注 28)前掲、『新訂黒田家譜四巻』、pp.472。 注 29)「御館御造作指図」(三奈木黒田資料、寛政 3年、福岡県地域史研究所所蔵)。 注 30)前掲、『新訂黒田家譜四巻』、pp.472-473。 注 31)前掲、『新訂黒田家譜四巻』、pp.473。 注 32)川添昭二・福岡古文書を読む会校訂『新校訂増補黒田家譜第五巻』(文献出版、 pp.247、1983)。 注 33)「御殿御絵図」(林 〔美〕家文書、寛政 2年、福岡県地域史研究所所蔵)。 注 34)森山英一『明治維新・廃城一覧』(新人物往来社、1989)。 注 35)「三奈木黒田家文書」(『福岡県史近世史料編福岡藩初期(下)』 (財)西日本文化協 会地域史研究所、pp331、1983)。 注 36)前掲、『新訂黒田家譜二巻』、pp.342-343。 注 37)前掲、『新訂黒田家譜四巻』、pp.406。 注 38)林(美)家文書「御殿御絵図」には「広間」と名称のつく部屋が見られるが、他の 絵図では「番頭詰所」「大組番頭」となっており、平面形式や規模からも御殿の構成要素 となる「広間」ではないと考えられる。

THE APPEARANCE OF SUPPORT WITH TOWN GATES

This study aims to clarify the role of kidomon (town gate) in Kyoto city under the Tokugawa regime.This paper deals with the appearance of support with gate post. These supports are cannot be seen in screens in and around Kyoto of 16th century. In those days, gate posts are self-supported by digging holes. From the end of 18th century, we can see supports in building documents. These supports are buried about 40 % of full length under street ground and tied with gate post by nuki-boards. As the result of that, gate posts are not necessary to burry deep in the earth.

THE RELATION BETWEEN OF RAFT SIZE ON THE HOTSU RIVER AND THE MACHIYA-HOUSE IN KYOTO UNDER TOKUGAWA REGIME

This paper aims to investigate the relation between the rafts size and common heights of town houses eaves in Kyoto under Tokugawa regime. The Standard of town houses eaves were 4242 mm or 4545 mm called “joshi” or “jogo”. In precede studies, these size were come from rafts size flowing on the Hotsu-river (Ooi-river or Katsura-river). But, these rafts were made by timbers adjusted by “Rokushakusao” (1818 mm measure) and town houses were made by timbers adjusted in “Kyoma” (1965.5 mm measure). After all, there was no evidence about direct participation.

THE EXISTENCE OF FARMER'S HOUSE TRANSFORMED FROM TOWN HOUSE IN SUBURB OF KYOTO

The investigation about Segawa residence by 14Cdating suggests that this house had constructed in the beginning of 18th century. Still more, another investigation about historical materials suggests that this house was town house with wood roofing, so it had changed to farmers house in 19th century . This paper aims to points out that the point of view about transformation and 14Cdating are useful about study of town house in suburb of Kyoto through Edo period.

THE ORIGIN OF WOODEN LATTICE IN THE WALL ABOUT MACHIYA OF KYOTO

This paper is an analysis of the origin of wooden lattice in the upstairs wall about machiya (town-house) of Kyoto in the Edo period. In previous studies, the wooden lattice was compared to tea-cottage window. However, this paper points out the origin of the wooden lattice was window of wooden warehouse in 16th century, and this design was imitation of same lattice window or Sama (opening in the wall) in the barrier of castle which was constructed by feudal lord.

THE CONSTRUCTING COST ABOUT TYPICAL TOWN-HOUSE OF KYOTO IN THE BEGINNING OF 19th CENTURY

This paper is an analysis of constructing cost about town-house (machiya) of Kyoto in the Edo period. Previous studies with this theme pointed out the constructing cost at the ratio of six carpenters per 3.3m2 (tsubo) with rented house. However, this paper points out the existence of rented town-house at the ratio of 10 carpenters per 3.3m2 in the beginning of 19th century. The analysis of this rented town-house about estimation stages and completion settlements make clear equal quality with typical town-house for three rooms in a line along the earth passage.

RE-EXAMINATION ABOUT HORIZONTAL BOARD ON EAVES OF MACHIYA-HOUSE

In folding screens showing some scenes of Kyoto in early modern period, we can see laying the horizontal board on eaves of machiya-house. I regarded the board as “Shoyakumenjofuda”or “Kishukumenkyofuda” in the last paper, but afterwards study makes it clear that “Shoyakumenjofuda” or “Kishukumenkyofuda” hung out near the door. Since these boards were certificate of the Imperial Palace official and purveyors, they were absolved of the duty of fire fighting.