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Atmosphere-ocean | 1997

An Overview of Numerical Methods for the Next Generation U.K. NWP and Climate Model

M. J. P. Cullen; Trevor Davies; M. H. Mawson; J. A. James; S. C. Coulter; A. Malcolm

ABSTRACT The U.K. Meteorological Office now uses a single model for atmospheric simulation and forecasting from all scales from mesoscale to climate. The constraints which numerical methods for such a model have to satisfy are described. A new version of the model is being developed with the aims of improving its accuracy by better treatment of the ‘balanced’ part of the flow, and increasing its applicability by including non-hydrostatic effects. Unusual features of this version are the use of the Charney-Phillips grid in the vertical, to improve the geostrophic adjustment properties, and the method of constructing the semi-implicit algorithm for solving the fully compressible equations. Idealized tests of these two aspects of the scheme are presented, showing that the Charney-Phillips grid reduces spurious gravity wave generation without compromising the treatment of the atmospheric boundary layer, and that the semi-implicit integration scheme can give stable solutions without the need for added temporal...


International Journal of Technology and Design Education | 2001

Learning in Design and Technology: The Impact of Social and Cultural Influences on Modelling

Trevor Davies; Roger Elmer

The paper introduces the highly problematic nature of modelling in design and technology education and examines the relationship between cognitive and concrete modelling. Its aim is to gain insight into what learners do, rather than what others say they ought to do in their learning activities. The variety of purposes that educators have for learners’ modelling are discussed through examining the contested curriculum justification for design and technology education itself. The paper proposes that learners’ modelling cannot be extracted from the social milieu in which they act and it provides some insights of these social influences through the analysis of two case studies. Their settings are a girls’ secondary school and a college of higher education. Each case study is presented independently but organised with a common format to consider a) the impact of assessment on learning intentions and outcomes; b) cultural influences on learning and modelling; c) social influences on learning and modelling. A discussion of the emergent themes considers implications for teachers.


European Journal of Teacher Education | 2010

Pupils’ voices about citizenship education: comparative case studies in Finland, Sweden and England

Margareta Sandström Kjellin; Jonas Stier; Tanja Einarson; Trevor Davies; Tuula Asunta

The aim of the article is to present and discuss a study in which Finnish, English and Swedish pupils’ understanding of citizenship education with regard to: (a) political literacy; and (b) attitudes and values was explored. The study was a cross‐national, multiple case study and data were collected through 18 focus group dialogues with 15‐year‐old pupils. Results showed that English pupils were much more well‐informed about rights and responsibilities than their Nordic counterparts and also more skilled rhetorically, but appeared less accustomed to open and confident relationships with adults than the Swedish pupils. Finnish pupils did not seem to be encouraged to talk; instead they kept their thoughts and feelings to themselves. One conclusion, among others, was that the study illuminates conditions for the development of a so‐called key competence – i.e., ‘interpersonal, intercultural, social and civic competence’.


Canadian Journal of Science, Mathematics and Technology Education | 2003

Modelling: Promoting creativity while forging links between science education and design and technology education*

Trevor Davies; John K. Gilbert

Educational reforms in many countries currently call for the development of knowledgebased societies. In particular, emphasis is placed on the promotion of creativity, especially in the areas of science education and of design and technology education. In this paper, perceptions of the nature of creativity and of the conditions for its realization are discussed. The notion of modelling as a creative act is outlined and the scope for using modelling as a bridge between science education and design and technology education explored. A model for the creative act of modelling is proposed and its major aspects elaborated upon. Finally, strategies for forging links between the two subjects are outlined.RésuméAu fur et à mesure que les nations cherchent à devenir des « société fondées sur la connaissance », il est de plus en plus important de reconnaître et d’encourager la créativité. Bien qu’ il soit difficile d’en donner une définition précise, la créativité se reconnaît de façon indirecte dans les choses réalisées, les moyens utilisés et les résultats obtenus. De plus, bien qu’elle comporte un élément personnel important, c’est dans des environnements sociaux propices que la créativité est favorisée. L’article suggère que la construction de modèles est un aspect fondamental de la créativité. On accorde à ce procédé une certaine importance aussi bien en enseignement des sciences qu’en enseignement du design et des technologies parce qu’il est au coeur des objectifs qui caractérisent ces disciplines. Par conséquent, des langages parallèles pour discuter de ce procédé et de ses résultats se sont développés dans les deux matières scolaires. Nous estimons qu’il y a d’excellents arguments éducatifs en faveur de liens plus étroits entre l’enseignement des sciences et l’enseignement du design et des technologies. En effet, leurs objectifs sont en partie similaires et il y a de nombreux points communs entre les savoirs et compétences auxquels ils font appel. La construction de modèles est donc vue ici comme un acte créatif susceptible d’unir ces deux disciplines.L’acte créatif de construction de modèle est analysé ici en fonction de cinq éléments. Le premier consiste à « avoir une expérience adéquate du phénomène ou du problème », c’est-à-dire avoir une expérience pratique directe au laboratoire ou en atelier, ou encore une expérience équivalente par le biais de documents vidéos ou de matériel disponible sur Internet. Le deuxième élément consiste à « identifier une image adéquate et en tirer les analogies qui peuvent en dériver », ce qui peut être fait gràce aux analyses contemporaines de la métaphore et de l’analogie. Quant au troisième, il s’agit de « visualiser le résultat final du processus de construction d’un modèle », élément que nous analysons par le biais d’une discussion sur la nature de cette visualisation. Le quatrième élément analysé peut se résumer par « la construction d’une représentation du modèle », où l’importance relative des différents « modes de représentation » disponibles est évaluée dans les deux disciplines. Enfin, le cinquième élément que nous analysons concerne « la portée et les limites du modèle construit », étape à laquelle on évalue l’importance de ce qui a été réalisé.Plusieurs conditions sont nécessaires si on veut qu’un environnement d’apprentissage favorise la créativité. Elles sont possibles si les rapports entre l’enseignement des sciences et l’enseignement du design et des technologies sont des rapports de coopération, de collaboration ou d’intégration. Les techniques générales d’enseignement et d’apprentissage peuvent alors être mises en application. Il est nécessaire d’adopter des stratégies spécifiques si on veut faire de la construction de modèles un instrument susceptible de promouvoir la créativité. Entre autres, il faut enseigner implicitement et explicitement la nature même des modèles et de leur construction et développer systématiquement les compétences nécessaires à la visualisation. Nous concluons que la construction de modèles peut faire le pont entre l’enseignement des sciences et l’enseignement du design et des technologies. Cependant, il est nécessaire de se pencher sur les différences qui persistent entre les objectifs poursuivis par les disciplines mères et les objectifs des sujets scolaires correspondants si on veut se servir de ce moyen pour promouvoir la créativité.


Archive | 2000

Modelling and Creativity in Design and Technology Education

Roger Elmer; Trevor Davies

The overarching aim of this chapter is to examine critically modelling and creativity in design and technology education. To locate this inquiry, and to assist readers less familiar with this curriculum area, the first section gives a brief history of modelling in design and technology education whilst the second section is dedicated to a general review of creativity followed by a focus on creativity and children. The very limited usage of the term in design and technology education is discussed and the section finishes by comparing creativity with a frequently used term in design and technology, innovation. The purpose of modelling, both in industrial and educational settings, and creativity are subsequently explored, and the chapter finishes with a discussion and issues for future research investigation.


Archive | 2015

The Implications for Secondary Teacher Training of Large-Scale Polish Immigration into England

Trevor Davies

Polish communities represent one major ethnic group of recent immigrants in the UK. They do, like many other groups, have their own special histories of international relationships with England. In order for a society to survive together, all of its citizens must share some values and precepts for life and living, which in today’s world must encompass the global dimension (GD) – meaning the world’s interconnectedness.


Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society | 2005

A new dynamical core for the Met Office's global and regional modelling of the atmosphere

Trevor Davies; M. J. P. Cullen; A. J. Malcolm; M. H. Mawson; Andrew Staniforth; A. A. White; Nigel Wood


Curriculum Journal | 2006

Creative Teaching and Learning in Europe: Promoting a New Paradigm.

Trevor Davies


The Journal of Design and Technology Education | 1999

Taking Risks as a Feature of Creativity in the Teaching and Learning of Design and Technology

Trevor Davies


Journal of Educational Change | 2013

Incorporating creativity into teachers practice and self-concept of professional identity

Trevor Davies

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Jonas Stier

Mälardalen University College

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Tanja Einarson

Mälardalen University College

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