Trimurti Habazar

Studies on the Resistance of Tomato Cultivars Against Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato Races 0 and 1

Screening the degree of resistance of tomato plants to bacterial speck by monitoring symptom development coufd be confirmed by determining bacterial multiplication in planta. The growth of P. tomato, race 0, was strongly inhibited in resistant tomato leaves, so that the finaf concentration was 1/100 of that in susceptible leaves. However, race 1 was only very weakly inhibited.

Tanggap Fungsional Parasitoid Eriborus argenteopilosus (Cameron) terhadap Crocidolomia pavonana (Fabricius) pada Suhu yang Berbeda

oC, 25 o C, and 30 o C. Data were analyzed using logistic regression to determine the type of functional response. At 20 o C E. argenteopilosus showed type II functional response, while at 25 o C and 30 o C the functional response is type III. Based on surface analysis, the optimal parasitism rate occurred at 22.24 o

Screening of Rhizobacterial Indigenous as Biocontrol Agents Against Bacterial Wilt on Chili Using In Planta Technique

Bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is one of the severe diseases on chili. Until now this disease is difficult to control, while these bacteria attack the xylem vessel and are unreachable by any bactericide. One group of important biocontrol agents are the plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). The PGPR have also the ability to increase growth and yield of plants. The aim of this research was to obtain rhizobacterial isolates, which have the ability to control bacterial wilt on chili and to increase growth and yield. Source of ​of rhizobacterial isolates were from healthy chili rhizosphere at endemic area of bacterial wilt diseases in two district (Agam and Solok) West Sumatera Province, Indonesia. Screening method based on in planta selection of root-colonizing bacterial isolates. This approach focuses on indirect mechanisms (systemic induced resistance). This technique has the possibility to find new, easy, and cheap biocontrol organisms. We have isolated 42 rhizobacteria from healthy chili’s rhizosphere. Only 17 rhizobacterial isolates could increase seedling growth of chili compared to control plants; the rest of isolates reduced growth of chili seedlings. There were no bacterial wilt symptom on 13 rhizobacterial isolate introduced chilies and lower infection (33.3%) on two rhizobacterial isolate introduced chilies, compared with control plants (100% wilt and die). We have obtained also two rhizobacterial isolates which could control bacterial wilt diseases and increase growth of chili. They were RZ.2.1.AG1 identified as Bacillus cereus strain INACH001 and RZ.1.3.AP1 as Bacillus subtilis strain BSn5.

Functional Response of the Parasitoid Eriborus argenteopilosus (Cameron) to Crocidolomia pavonana (Fabricius) under Different Temperature

Since the discovery of cryopreservation method for bull semen, cryopreservation become an alternative method for maintaining gamet resources of certain animal which is threatened or near extinction. This technology was then applied to the preservation of embryo, oocyte, ovary and testis. The application of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) for which sperm motility is unnecessary had supported the effort to create simplified method such as freeze-drying for sperm preservation. Due to the benefit of ICSI over the conventional in vitro fertilization (IVF) the spermatozoon could be mechanically driven to pass through the zona pellucida and entering the cytoplasm of oocytes prior to fertilization. The freeze-drying method is an alternative method in sperm preservation which ignored the motility of sperm. The sperm resulted from this technique is in drying state, therefore, it might be stored in room temperature or in refrigerator. Many reports have claimed that freeze-dried sperm which is not motile but has an intact DNA was able to fertilize oocytes, even produced offspring in mouse.A screening for antiinflammatory effects was performed on several Indonesian Umbelliferae plants based on the contents of saponins and flavonoids. They were compared with Bupleurum falcatum L. as an introduced antiinflammatory plant. Roots and grains of each plant were collected, dried, and extracted with ethanol. The ethanolic extracts were then analyzed for their saponin and flavonoid contents by gravimetric and UV-vis spectrophotometric method. Antiinflammatory activity test was conducted on carragenin induced rat paw oedema. The results showed that the highest contents of saponin and flavonoid were found in the grains of Apium graveolens L. and showed antiinflammatory effect that was equivalent to that of the root of B. falcatum.