Tsutomu Kameya

Histopathogenesis of Thickening of the Hoof Wall Laminae in Equine Laminitis

蹄葉炎罹患馬10例の罹患蹄17および非罹患蹄13を, 蹄壁肥厚の成立ちを探るべく, 葉状層を中心に病理組織学的に観察した. 指(趾)神経並びに指(趾)動・静脈の血管神経についても検索した. 罹患蹄は全て葉状層の著しい肥厚を呈していた; その厚さは22.2±8.3mm (A)であった. 罹患馬の非罹患蹄における厚さは6.6±4.1mm (B), そして対照43蹄における厚さは3.7±0.9mm (C)であった. AとB, 並びにAとCの間にはそれぞれ有意差(P<0.001)があった; BとCとの間にも有意差(P<0.05)があった. 罹患蹄の主要組織病変は: (a)表皮葉における不規則な強い上皮増殖, 上皮細胞の水腫性変性, 蹄芽原繊維の無形成, 不完全形成あるいは変性, 並びにケラトヒアリン顆粒の産生; (b)真皮葉並びに蹄壁真皮における水腫, 毛細血管および小静脈の拡張, 並びに神経束水腫. 末梢神経(血管神経を含む)はしばしば神経束水腫または多巣性神経繊維脱落またはその双方を呈していた. 対照80肢の指(趾)動脈の血管神経には稀にしか病変は見出されなかった. 蹄葉炎における蹄壁肥厚は葉状層肥厚に由来する. 葉状層肥厚の形態学的本体は, 表皮葉の不完全角化(すなわち不完全蹄質化)方向の再生性増殖(類表皮化生)である. 葉状層のこの変化は, 末梢神経系病変の存在によって推定される血管運動変調が一つの大きな成因となって起った循環障碍の影響であろう.

Studies on Abnormal Cases of Serum Protein in Race Horses

Serum protein electrophoresis has been performed in race horses since 6 years ago by means of the Standard Procedure of Cellulose Acetate Electro phoresis established by the Japanese Society of Electrophoresis. In these studies, 59 race horses classified by the groups of diseases were examined for the characteristics of their serum protein fractions. They manifested clearly abnormal clinical signs and showed an albumin/globulin ratio of below 1.0. Besides, the rise and fall of the serum protein fractions were examined in four cases of experimental suppurative carpoarthritis, exper imentally inoculated equine infectious anemia, equine ascariosis, and laminitis, respectively. Taking the above-mentioned findings into consideration, the movement of the serum proteins was studied in each group of diseases and the following results were obtained. 1) In two groups of horses of clinically suspected bacterial infection and laminitis, respectively, there were a decrease in the value of albumin and an increase in the value of globulin, especially fl-and -globulin, the albumin/ globulin ratio was remarkably low and the serum protein was high in value. These tendencies of the serum protein were outstanding in the exudative diseases. 2) In a group of malnutrition and equine ascariosis, there was a decrease in the value of albumin and an increase in the value of a-globulin, the albumin/globulin ratio was slightly low, and the serum protein was low in value. In some severe cases of this group, there was a tendency that hypo proteinemic edema was apt to occure at the legs.