Tuba Aydemir Özcan

Evaluating the relationship between education level and cognitive impairment with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Test

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is defined as ‘a cognitive decline greater than that expected for an individuals age and education level but that does not interfere notably with activities of daily life’. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is a screening test for MCI.

The relation of sexual dysfunction to depression and anxiety in patients with Parkinson's disease.

Objective In this study, we aimed to find out whether sexual dysfunction in patients with Parkinson’s Disease (PD) was associated to PD-related disability and whether this relationship was modulated by depressive and anxiety symptoms. Methods Eighty-nine consecutive patients with idiopathic PD who attended to our movement disorders outpatient clinics between January 2011 and June 2014 were included in this study. The diagnosis of PD was confirmed by a movement disorders specialists in Neurology, according to UK Parkinson’s Disease Society Brain Bank Criteria. The Unified PD Rating Scale (UPDRS) motor was used to assess motor disability and Hoehn and Yahr stage (H&Y) was used to establish disease severity. Cognitive function was assessed by the Mini-Mental State Examination. Patients were also administered the Hamilton depression (HAMD) and anxiety (HAMA) rating scales. The sexual functions of the patients were rated by applying the Turkish version of the Arizona Sexual Experiences Scale (ASEX). Results The mean age at the time of the study visit was 67.74±9.05. Male/female ratio was 1.87. Mean UPDRS total was 29.06±13.96 and mean UPDRS motor was 17.62±9.07. Mean HAMD score was 13.92±10.86, 58.4% of the patients had minor or major depression; and mean HAMA score was 7.94±6.49, 56.2% of the patients had minor or major anxiety. The mean ASEX score was 18.54±7.27 out of a maximum of 30. ASEX total scores were correlated with age, H&Y stage and HAMA scores. Age and also age at onset were correlated with ASEX subdomains except sexual desire. There was no correlation between disease duration and ASEX subdomains. UPDRS motor score was correlated with erection/lubrication. HAMD was only correlated with orgasm satisfaction. HAMA score was correlated with stimulation and orgasm. Conclusion In patients with PD, there may be a common factor that modulates both depression, anxiety and sexual function. Further studies are needed to clarify the exact relationship.

Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis: Gender Differences in Ten Years Experience

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis: gender differences in ten years experience Objective: Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is an uncommon subtype of stroke. CVST is much more common in women than men with a ratio of three to one. This women preponderance is attributed to gender-specific risk factors (GSRF). In many patients, symptoms develop over days or weeks. In some patients, clinical presentations are nonspesific. Patients and Methods: We reviewed the records of patients with CVST treated at Neurology department of Haseki Training and Research Hospital between 2001-2011, which diagnoses were confirmed with cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance venography (MRV). Thirty- four patients were included the study. Women/men ratio was 3.25/1. We analyzed the demographic features, comorbid conditions, clinical presentation, neuroradiological findings. Results: Thirty- four patients were included the study. Headache was present in all patients and it was present as isolated in 47.1% (n=16) of the patients. In 52.9% (n=18) of the patients onset of the symptoms were subacute, 29.4% (n=10) chronic, 17.6 (n=6) acute. Of all patients, 76.5% (n=26) were women. Transverse sinus was the mostly affected sinus as either isolated or with the other CSVT in both groups (in 20 women and 8 men). The most common presentation symptom (43.78%) in women was headache whereas; it was intracranial hypertension (34.78%) in men. Half of our women patients with GRSF; 7 (26.92%) women were oral contraceptives user and 5 (15.38%) women were in pregnancy or puerperium period. Conclusion: We have found differences between women and men in the presentation and risk factors.

“Jumping Stump” Phenomenon

Myoclonic spasm of an amputated extremity can be problematic for amputees and requires recognition and understanding by surgeons encountering the phenomenon. In the present brief report, we describe the condition in a female amputee after below-the-knee amputation. Our aim is to increase awareness of this condition among foot and ankle surgeons.

Comorbidity of Weber Syndrome and Holmes Tremor: A case report

Weber’s syndrome is a brainstem disease characterized by ipsilateral 3rd nerve palsy with contralateral hemiparesis. Holmes tremor is a clinically diagnosed irregular tremor, which is, characterized by a combination of resting, postural, and action tremor. Here, we report a case with Weber syndrome and Holmes tremor, who have thalamic and mesencephalic infarctions, because of his interesting features and rare occurrence.