Turgay Deprem

Distribution of glutathione peroxidase 1 in liver tissues of healthy and diabetic rats treated with capsaisin.

Abstract We investigated the immunohistochemical localization of glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx 1) and the structural changes that occur in the livers of healthy and diabetic rats that were treated with capsaisin (CAP). Fifty female rats were divided into five groups: group 1, sham; group 2, untreated control; group 3, CAP-treated; group 4, streptozotocin (STZ) diabetic; group 5, STZ diabetic + CAP-treated. STZ was administered to groups 4 and 5; after verifying diabetes, CAP was administered daily for 2 weeks to groups 3 and 5. Diffuse, microvesicular and some macrovesicular fatty degeneration were observed in the cytoplasms of hepatocytes in the livers of the diabetic group. In the CAP-treated diabetic group, fat degeneration in the livers decreased slightly by day 7. Irregularity of the external contours of nuclei of the hepatocytes, swelling of the nuclei, and slight anisocytosis and anisokaryosis were observed in the hepatocytes of the diabetic group. In the CAP-treated diabetic groups, the severity of anisocytosis and anisokaryosis decreased slightly by day 7. In all groups, GPx 1 showed similar immunolocalization, but in the diabetic and diabetic + CAP groups, GPx 1 immunoreactivity was less than in the other groups. GPx 1 immunoreactivity in the CAP-treated diabetic group was weaker than in the diabetic group. In all groups, GPx 1 immunoreactivity was diffusely cytoplasmic in some of the hepatocytes, and diffusely cytoplasmic and diffusely nuclear in other hepatocytes. Also, GPx 1 immunoreactivity in the liver was more intense in the hepatocytes around Kiernan’s space. We found that CAP caused a decrease in GPx 1.

Immunohistochemical distribution of leptin in kidney tissues of melatonin treated diabetic rats.

Abstract We examined using immunohistochemistry the distribution of leptin in kidney tissues of melatonin treated, streptozotocin (STZ) diabetic rats. The animals were divided into five groups: control, sham, melatonin-treated, diabetic and melatonin-treated diabetic. Kidney sections were prepared and stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and Crossmans triple staining for histological examination. The immunohistochemical localization of leptin in the kidney tissue was determined using the streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase method. We determined that on days 7 and 14, the leptin immunoreactivity of the diabetic and melatonin-treated diabetic groups was weaker than for the other groups. Weak immunoreactivity was found in the proximal and distal tubules of the kidney in the diabetic and melatonin-treated diabetic groups on days 7 and 14, and strong immunoreactivity was found in the control, sham and melatonin groups. Melatonin application had no significant effect on leptin production in the kidney tissues of diabetic rats.

Scanning Electron Microscopic Comparison of Different Poultry Species' Eggshells

ABS TRACT Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the eggshells of different poultry species such as goose, duck, turkey, chicken and quail by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Material and Methods: After collecting the eggs, their width and length were measured for shape index ratios. Then they were broken and left in distilled water for a night and the remaining membranes were detached and the eggshells were left to dry. Then the samples were covered with gold palladium and observed by using scanning electron microscope. SPSS 16.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results: Cross-section micrographs of species derived from SEM showed that the layers from the outer surface to the inner surface were cuticle, vertical crystal, palisade layer, mammillary layer and eggshell membrane, respectively. Hollow vesicles were observed in the palisade layer of the eggshells of all species. Passages were observed among the walls of hollow vesicles of quail eggshell. It was observed that basal caps of the mammillary bodies took place on the eggshell membrane in all species. The shape indices of eggs from geese (64.74 ± 3.3%) and quails (80.40 ± 4.5%) were significantly different from each other and were also different from the other three species’ eggs. However, regarding the eggshell thicknesses, each species of goose and quail were significantly different from the other four species. Conclusion: Although there are some differences among the microstructure of avian eggshells, it can be said that the structure of their eggshells are generally similar to each other.

The effects of recombinant human IGF-1 (insulin-like growth factor-1) injection on liver growth in rats.

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of recombinant human (rh) IGF-1 administration on liver growth of rats. RhIGF-1 (100 ng/kg/day prepared in 0.01 M NaHCO3) was injected (s.c) daily to rats for seven days. Control groups received the same injection procedure with only 0.01 M NaHCO3. One day after the last injection, rats from both control and rhIGF-1 injected groups ( n=5p er group) were euthanized and liver tissue samples were collected (group I). Liver samples from both groups (n = 5 per group/collection day) were collected on week one (group II) and week two (group III) after the last injection. Tissue samples were immediately fixed in Bouins solution and embedded in paraffin. Tissue sections were cut into 5-6 µ thickness and stained with Crossmans triple staining method. RhIGF-1 administration increased the number and the diameter of liver epithelial cells (hepatocytes) which in turn affected the liver growth of rats.