Turkan Karakus

An eye-tracking study of how color coding affects multimedia learning

Color coding has been proposed to promote more effective learning. However, insufficient evidence currently exists to show how color coding leads to better learning. The goal of this study was to investigate the underlying cause of the color coding effect by utilizing eye movement data. Fifty-two participants studied either a color-coded or conventional format of multimedia instruction. Eye movement data were collected during the study. The results indicate that color coding increased retention and transfer performance. Enhancement of learning by color coding was due to efficiency of locating corresponding information between illustration and text. Color coding also attracted attention of learners to perceptually salient information.

Methodological Issues in a Survey of Children's Online Risk-Taking and Other Behaviours in Europe

Survey researchers confront a variety of problems when interviewing children and these are compounded when the research includes thousands of children across multiple countries. This article analyses some of the pre-testing and cognitive interview data in the EU Kids Online study for the difficulties children had in answering questions related to risk, patterns of answers to the final questionnaire provided by the children, and the evidence for providing socially desirable answers to questions related to risk and sensitive information. The format of the administration of the survey in the field was also examined. Age, but not gender, differences were found in understanding, response rates, levels of completion for an open-ended question, and in social desirability influences on answers. The format of administration (CAPI versus PAPI) made no difference in responses to sensitive or risk behaviour-related questions, but the presence of others in the room was related to less socially desirable responses. The research contributes to the methodological considerations of survey research with children.

Eğitmen Konsol Yazılımları için Kullanıcı Arayüzü Kılavuzu Geliştirilmesi ve Geçerleme Süreci

Bu calismada, askeri bilisim sistemleri arayuzlerinin tasarimi ve gelistirilmesinde, Insan Bilgisayar Etkilesiminin (IBE) onemli konularindan biri olan kullanilabilirligin saglanmasi amaciyla bir kilavuzun olusturulmasi ve gecerlenmesi sirasinda simdiye kadar izlenen ve daha sonra izlenecek adimlarin sunulmasi hedeflenmistir. Kullanici Dostu Grafik Arayuz Kilavuzu adi verilerek gelistirilen raporda, genel kullanilabilirlik unsurlari bir araya getirilerek hazirlanan ya da hazirlanacak yazilimlarin etkililigi, verimliligi ve kullanici memnuniyetinin saglanmasi beklenmektedir. Kilavuzdaki basliklar genel olarak Havelsan AŞ tarafindan gelistirilen egitmen konsol yazilimlari temel alinarak belirlenmis ve diger arastirma temelli standart kullanilabilirlik kistaslari ile desteklenmistir. Bu nedenle benzer egitmen konsol yazilimlarinin gelistiricileri icin onemli bir kilavuz niteligindedir. Kilavuzun gecerlenmesi, arayuzun onceki surumu ile kilavuza gore yeniden hazirlanan surumunun karsilastirilmasi ile saglanacaktir. Kisaca, bu calismada bir kullanilabilirlik kilavuzunun hazirlanma ve gecerlenme surecinde izlenen adimlar, uygulanan yontemler ve karsilasilan problemlerden bahsedilecektir. Bu calisma ozellikle ucus simulasyonlarinda kullanilan egitmen konsol yazilimlari gelistiricileri ve bu alanda kullanilabilirlik calismasi yuruten birimlerinin izleyecegi metotlar icin iyi bir ornek teskil etmesi beklenmektedir

Designing Narratology-Based Educational Games with Non-players

Challenges of designing an educational game cause an ongoing debate that while one side proposes ludology as the key for a computer game, other side proposes narratology as the most important part of game environment. Ludologic attributes of games have been preferred more than narrative ones. However, results of studies attempted to reveal importance of narrative structures and storytelling for computer games, especially for educational ones. In the present study, narratology including storytelling and narrative structures will be discussed in terms of narratology-based educational computer game design. 46 non-player preservice teachers at Department of Foreign Language Education participated to the study. Participants, as subject matter experts on teaching English Language, designed educational game prototypes. Those prototypes were analyzed and reported according to their narrative aspects.