Uday Mohan

Socio demographic determinants and knowledge, attitude, practice: survey of family planning.

Background: Understanding of family planning scenario among different societies and communities, which by and large reside in urban slum and rural areas, might prove useful in increasing family planning acceptance by them and decreasing population growth. Objective: To assess the sociodemographic determinants and KAP of family planning among urban slum and rural areas of Lucknow. Study Design: Cross sectional. Setting: Bal Mahila Chikitsalaya, Aliganj, in urban and Primary Health Centre, Bakshi Ka Talaab, in rural area of Lucknow. Study Period: October 2008 to April 2009. Materials and Methods: Six hundred and eightytwo postpartum women (within 42 days of delivery) who came to these health facilities for their childs vaccination were interviewed, by a preformed and pretested schedule. Results: Maximum utilization of family methods were seen among Hindu women, women of age group 30 or more, parity four and more, educational level upto high school and above and those of higher socioeconomic class. Although overall residential area (urban or rural) of women had no influence on the practice of family planning by them and all of them were willing to adopt family planning methods in future, urban women were found to have a higher level of knowledge and attitude toward modern methods of family planning. Only 2.8% were unsure of preferred method for future use. Conclusion: Family planning programs which effectively promotes the use of family planning methods, so that the trend toward increase in population could be arrested is the need of hour.

Determinants of utilization of antenatal care services in rural Lucknow, India

Background: Antenatal care services are the first steps towards ensuring the health of mothers and the newborn. This is the key component for achieving Millennium Development Goals by 2015. But Indias performance continues to be poor in providing antenatal care services to its huge population, particularly in the rural areas. Objective: To assess the determinants of utilization of antenatal services by rural beneficiaries in Lucknow, a district of north India. Materials and Methods: The study, cross-sectional in design, was conducted from August 2009 to July 2010. Multistage random sampling was used for selecting villages. A total of 352 recently delivered women were selected following systematic random sampling. Logistic regression was used to find out the determinants of three antenatal care services. Results: Overall, 85.5% of the beneficiaries surveyed were found to receive at least three antenatal care services from any health facility. Community health centre was the most common source for such care. Significant difference was found between beneficiaries who took three antenatal care visits and who did not in terms of age, socio economic status, and timing of registration. On multiple regression, only age (OR = 2.107, 95% CI = 1.132 – 3.923) and timing of registration (OR = 2.817, 95% CI = 1.487 – 5.338) were found to be the predictors for three antenatal care visits. Conclusion: Intervention should be focused on young and late registered women for ensuring sufficient care during pregnancy.

Factors associated with the preference for delivery at the government hospitals in rural areas of Lucknow district in Uttar Pradesh

For assuring safe maternal and newborn health, institutional delivery was given paramount importance. In India, in spite of several efforts, lesser than 40% deliveries are conducted at health facilities, mostly at private sector. The present cross-sectional study aimed to find out the determinants of preference for delivery at government hospitals in rural areas of Lucknow, a district in Uttar Pradesh. Multistage random sampling was used for selecting villages. From them, 352 recently delivered women were selected, following systematic random sampling. Overall, 84.9% of deliveries were conducted at health institutions. Out of them, 79.3% were at government hospitals. Applying multivariate logistic regression, Hindu women (odds ratio [OR] = 3.205), women belonging to lower socio-economic class (OR = 4.630) and late registered women (OR = 2.320) were found to be more likely to deliver at government hospitals. Attention should be given to religion, social status and timing of registration for ensuring higher fraction of deliveries at government set-up.

Dimensions and determinants of quality of life among senior citizens of Lucknow, India

Background : In India, there is low awareness about special needs of the elderly and their care takers. We are yet to understand the basics of elderly care (physical and mental health, psychological and social support). Objectives : (1) To study the dimensions of quality of life (QOL) of elderly people living in community and in old age homes (OAHs). (2) To determine the predictors of QOL among elderly people. Materials and Methods : A cross-sectional descriptive study was undertaken with elderly people (age ≥60 years) from the community and from OAHs residing in Lucknow city, India were the participants. Multistage sampling technique was used in the general population and all the elderly people living in OAHs were included in the study. 141 elderly people from community and 101 elderly people from OAHs were studied after taking oral consent and scoring ≥20 on Mini Mental State Examination instrument. Instrument used for assessing QOL was World Health Organization QOL-bref. Tools used to screen out anxiety and depression cases were Geriatric Depression Scale - Hindi version and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale. Results : The mean scores of QOL domains were higher among married elderly people, elderly people without mental health problem and elderly people without psychosocial issue/s. Similarly, it was higher among elderly people living in the community and paid OAHs than in free OAHs. Conclusion : QOL of elderly residing in paid OAHs were similar to those from the community. Financial dependency was the strongest predictor of QOL.

Screening Depression Among Elderly in a City of Southeast Asia.

INTRODUCTION Changing family structure (Joint to Nuclear), increased life expectancy above 60 years of age, generation and communication gap, financial dependency on children leads to conflict among family members. This may sometime lead to old age home settlement of elderly people. All these condition leads to isolation and insecurity among elderly people and this condition affect the mental status of elderly people which may sometime lead to depression among Old Age Homes residents and family living elderly people. OBJECTIVE To study the prevalence of depression and diagnosed systemic morbidities among elderly people. To study the predictors of depression among study subjects. MATERIALS AND METHODS A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among elderly people (age ≥60 years) residing in old age homes (OAHs) and in community/families in Lucknow, India. Multistage sampling technique was used to include required sample of subjects from the community and for OAHs all the elderly people living in OAHs were included. Geriatric depression scale was used to screen depression. RESULTS Depression was 27.7% among elderly people residing in OAHs while it was 15.6% those residing at their own homes. In community most frequent morbidity was hypertension (17.7%) while 41.1% elderly people had no diagnosed morbidity. In OAHs out of total the musculoskeletal morbidity (33.7%) was most frequent and 18.8% had no diagnosed morbidity. On multivariate analysis financial dependency and education were found to be statistically significant. CONCLUSION Depression was more common among elderly living in Old Age Homes as compare to those living in community. Hypertension, musculoskeletal morbidities and eye related morbidities were most frequent diagnosed morbidities. Financial Dependency & Education were found to be primary predictors of depression.