Ulisses Xavier da Silva Neto

The Accuracy in the Control of the Apical Extent of Rotary Canal Instrumentation Using Root ZX II and ProTaper Instruments: An In Vivo Study

The accuracy of Root ZX II (J. Morita, Kyoto, Japan) to control the apical extent of rotary canal instrumentation in vivo was assessed. Twenty-four premolars with a single canal were selected. The roots were divided in two groups according to the calibration of the automatic apical reverse mechanism of Root ZX II, set at levels 1 and 2. After endodontic access, the preparation was performed with ProTaper instruments (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) connected to the device. Afterwards, the last file used was introduced into the canal and fixed in place with acrylic resin. The teeth were extracted and ground until exposure of the file. The distance from the instrument tip to the apical foramen was obtained. The percentage of acceptable measurements and the difference between means were submitted to statistical analysis. The differences of setting the reverse mechanism at 1 and 2 were not statistically significant. Both settings were not accurate for determining and controlling the apical extent of rotary instrumentation.

Comparative analysis of leakage in root canal fillings performed with gutta-percha and Resilon cones with AH Plus and Epiphany sealers

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to compare the leakage of root canal fillings of gutta-percha or Resilon cones in association with AH Plus or Epiphany sealer. STUDY DESIGN Four groups of premolars (n = 64) were instrumented to size 45/.04 ProFile and filled with laterally compacted gutta-percha cones or Resilon cones in association with AH Plus or Epiphany sealer. The specimens were stored for 2 weeks at 37 degrees C and 100% humidity. After that, leakage was measured using the fluid filtration method and determined as microL/min.10 psi. RESULTS Homogeneity of variance and multiple comparisons tests were performed and indicated that root fillings with the combination of gutta-percha cones and AH Plus sealer showed lower leakage values (P < .05) than the other groups. CONCLUSION Considering the experimental conditions and the results obtained, it was concluded that fillings made with gutta-percha cones in combination with AH Plus sealer had the best performance.

Effect of calcium hydroxide dressing on the long-term sealing ability of two different endodontic sealers: An in vitro study

OBJECTIVE The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the long-term sealing ability of Real Seal system and Endofill after calcium hydroxide (CH) dressing, by using a fluid filtration model. STUDY DESIGN Four randomized groups of single-rooted teeth (N=110) were prepared using a crown-down technique to a size 50 file. Two groups (1 and 2) received CH dressing before filling. Roots were filled with gutta-percha and Endofill (groups 2 and 4) or Resilon and Real Seal (groups 1 and 3). Leakage was measured by using the fluid filtration method after 90 days and determined as microL/min.10 psi. RESULTS Statistical analysis by Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests indicated that CH dressing groups showed higher leakage values than those where CH was not used (P=.001). CONCLUSION It may be concluded that the use of CH as an intracanal dressing material affected the sealing ability of both Real Seal and Endofill sealers.

Evaluation of care of dentoalveolar trauma

Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate cases of dental trauma treated at the specialized center of Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil, during a period of 2 years. Material and Methods A total of 647 patients were evaluated and treated between 2003 and 2005. Data obtained from each patient were tabulated and analyzed as to gender, age, etiology, time elapsed after the injury, diagnosis (type of trauma), and affected teeth. Results The results revealed that male individuals aged 7 to 13 years presented the highest prevalence of injury, and falling was the main causal factor. In most cases, the time elapsed between the accident and the first care ranged from 4 to 24 h. A total of 1,747 teeth were affected, with higher incidence of concussion/subluxation and coronal fracture, followed by lateral luxation and avulsion. The permanent maxillary central incisors were the most commonly affected teeth. Conclusion The frequency and causes of dentoalveolar trauma should be investigated for identification of risk groups, treatment demands and costs in order to allow for the establishment of effective preventive measures that can reduce the treatment duration and costs for both patients and oral health services.

Capacidade seladora proporcionada por alguns materiais quando utilizados em perfurações na região de furca de molares humanos extraídos

Avaliou-se, in vitro, a capacidade seladora, do MTA-Angelus, ProRoot-MTA, Super-EBA e MBP-c, quando utilizados para selar perfuracoes na regiao de furca de molares humanos extraidos; quando aplicados isoladamente ou em associacao com uma matriz de gesso Paris, aplicada no fundo do trajeto da perfuracao. O selamento produzido pelos materiais foi analisado por meio da infiltracao do corante rhodamine B 0,2%. A analise estatistica aplicada aos dados obtidos demonstrou que, quando utilizado isoladamente (sem matriz), o cimento MBP-c apresentou os menores indices de infiltracao marginal, seguido pelo Super-EBA, apresentando diferenca estatistica significante (p< 0,001) entre esses e os cimentos ProRoot-MTA e MTA-Angelus. Na presenca da matriz, o cimento MBP-c tambem foi superior, havendo diferenca estatistica significante (p<0,05) entre ele e os cimentos ProRoot-MTA e MTA-Angelus. A aplicacao da matriz de gesso Paris influenciou negativamente a capacidade seladora dos cimentos Super-EBA e MBP-c; inclusive, com diferenciacao estatistica (p<0,05), contudo, ela evitou o extravasamento dos materiais seladores.

The Influence of Atopy in the Prognosis of the Replantation of Avulsed Teeth

BACKGROUND Replantation is the most indicated procedure for traumatic dental avulsion, but it invariably results in a greater or lower degree of root resorption. The outcomes of these cases can be affected by some well-known factors. Because studies have shown the importance of the innate and acquired immune response in the mechanisms involved in the resorption of bone tissues, an endeavor was made to verify if such an influence applies to dental resorption. METHODS Fifty-seven avulsed, endodontically treated teeth were assessed in the Endodontics Clinic, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná. Follow-up of the replanted teeth included periodical clinical examinations and radiographs, in accordance with the control rules of the International Association of Dental Traumatology. The evaluation of atopy was based on the patients personal and family history in conjunction with the skin-prick test for five allergen extracts. RESULTS Of the 46 teeth with a favorable outcome, 33 (71.74%) were in atopic patients, and 13 (28.26%) were in non-atopic patients. Of the 11 teeth with an unfavorable outcome, four (36.36%) were in atopic patients, and seven (63.64%) were in non-atopic patients; a greater prevalence of unfavorable prognoses occurred in non-atopic patients. CONCLUSION The outcome after 1 year for avulsed and replanted teeth is more favorable in atopic patients.

Management of horizontal root‐fractured teeth: report of three cases

Horizontal root fractures frequently occur at the maxillary anterior region and sometimes may be healed without endodontic treatment. Diagnosis of horizontal root fractures is mainly reached by the information obtained in clinical and radiographic examinations. The report of three cases presents horizontal root-fractured teeth, at different thirds, which were healed satisfactory with and without endodontic treatment, rigid splint and carefully monitored.

XP Shaper, A Novel Adaptive Core Rotary Instrument: Micro–computed Tomographic Analysis of Its Shaping Abilities

Introduction The aim of this study was to investigate the shaping abilities of the XP Shaper (FKG, La Chaux‐de‐Fonds, Switzerland) and compare the findings with Vortex Blue (Dentsply Tulsa Dental Specialties, Tulsa, OK) using micro–computed tomographic imaging. Methods Twenty matched, extracted, mandibular, central incisors with a single, oval canal were scanned preoperatively at 25‐&mgr;m resolution and postoperatively after instrumentation with either Vortex Blue in a crown‐down manner up to size 30.04 or XP Shaper. The percent of untouched walls, changes in canal volume and surface area, the amount of dentin removed, debris remaining in the canal, and the preparation taper were determined. The total time required for instrumentation using each technique was calculated in seconds. Statistical analysis was used to compare between both groups using repeated measures multivariate analysis of variance with Bonferroni correction for post hoc comparison and independent sample t tests. Results The XP Shaper significantly increased the canal volume (F = 77.948, P < .001), surface area (F = 5.543, P = .030), and amount of dentin removed (F = 10.044, P = .001) and had significantly less untouched walls (38.6% ± 8.1%) compared with VB (58.8% ± 8.5%). There was less debris at all levels of the canal in the XP Shaper group. Results were almost significant (P = .059). The XP Shaper was also significantly faster in completing the mechanical preparation of the root canal space by almost 1 minute (t = 6.216, P < .001). Conclusions The XP Shaper can expand beyond its core size to adapt to the anatomy of the root canal space. The XP Shaper can prepare and touch more canal walls in oval‐shaped canals compared with Vortex Blue. However, the final preparation taper will vary according to the anatomy of the treated tooth. HighlightsThe XP Shaper represents a new generation of rotary files that can expand beyond its core size.The XP Shaper can touch more canal walls than Vortex Blue in oval‐shaped canals.Mechanical preparation of the canal can be completed with the XP shaper in a shorter duration compared with Vortex Blue.The final preparation taper of the XP Shaper will vary from one case to the other depending on the original canal anatomy.

Lack of correlation between tubular dentine cement penetration, adhesiveness and leakage in roots filled with gutta percha and an endodontic cement based on epoxy amine resin

Objective To analyze possible correlations among tubular dentine cement penetration, adhesiveness and apical leakage in fillings performed with gutta percha and an endodontic cement based on epoxy amine resin. Material and Methods Sixty similar, extracted human mandibular central incisors were irrigated, instrumented and filled following the same protocol. First, apical leakage was quantified by fluid filtration tests. Then, these same specimens were sectioned for analysis of tubular dentine cement penetration and the middle thirds were submitted to push-out tests to analyze the adhesiveness of the fillings. Results In brief, the means and standard deviations with a confidence interval of 95% were as follows: tubular dentine cement penetration (8.875±4.540), adhesiveness (4.441±2.683) and apical leakage (0.318±0.215). The data were confronted using the Pearsons test (P>0.05), and it was possible to prove that there was no correlation between (1) tubular dentine cement penetration and apical leakage (r2: 0.08276), (2) tubular dentine cement penetration and adhesiveness (r2: -0.2412) and (3) adhesiveness and apical leakage (r2: 0.1340). Conclusion After analysis of these data, it could be observed that there exists no correlation among the variables analyzed in this study.

Relationship between extra-alveolar time and atopy in the prognosis of the replantation of avulsed teeth.

BACKGROUND The aim of this in vivo study was to evaluate the correlation between the occurrence of root resorption in avulsed and replanted teeth, extra-alveolar time, and the possible influence of Th2 immunologic profile, represented by patients atopy and its influence in the prognosis of the tooth. METHODS This study evaluated the presence or absence of root resorption in 57 avulsed and replanted teeth. The replantation technique and endodontic treatments were performed following the International Association of Dental Trauma guidelines. Follow-up of the replanted teeth included monthly clinical and radiographic examinations during 1 year. The patients medical examination, including the personal and family allergic history, in conjunction with the skin prick test based the evaluation of patients atopy. RESULTS Of the 37 teeth of atopic patients, 33 (89.2%) teeth did not present root resorption. Of these, 27 (72.9%) had an extra-alveolar time of <1 hour and 6 (16.2%) had an extra-alveolar time >1 hour. Four (10.8%) teeth presented root resorption and an extra-alveolar period of time >1 hour. CONCLUSION These results showed the importance of the extra-alveolar time and the predominantly Th2 immunologic profile, represented by atopic patients, that suffered replantation after dental avulsion in a 1-year follow-up.