Uzay Görmüş

Vitreous Levels of VEGF, IL-8, and TNF-α in Retinal Detachment

Purpose: To determine intravitreal levels of interleukin-8 (IL-8), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RD). Methods: Vitreous samples were collected from 22 eyes of 22 patients during vitrectomy procedures for RD. For controls, vitreous samples were obtained from 12 eyes of 12 patients without RDs during pars plana vitrectomies. Control group patients included four with macular holes and eight with epiretinal membranes; none had any associated vitreoretinopathy. All vitreous samples were immediately frozen at −80°C until assayed. Results: VEGF concentrations were significantly elevated in samples from patients with RDs compared to samples from control patients (p < 0.001). Vitreous concentrations of IL-8 were also significantly elevated in patients with macular edema when compared to control patients (p < 0.05). However, no significant difference was observed in vitreous concentrations of TNF-α in subjects with RDs compared to control subjects (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Increases in IL-8 (an inflammatory angiogenic mediator) and VEGF (a regulatory mediator of cellular proliferation and permeability) may be related to development of proliferative vitreoretinopathy.

Cox-2 gene polymorphism and IL-6 levels in coronary artery disease.

Coronary artery disease is one of the leading causes of mortality and diabetes mellitus is one of its main risk factors due to microvascular and macrovascular complications, such as atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is now known to be an inflammatory process mediated by prostaglandins and several interleukins. As both are important in inflammatory processes, we examined Cox-2 (-765G > C) polymorphism and interleukin-6 levels in coronary artery disease patients compared to healthy controls. We also divided the patients into diabetic and non-diabetic groups to check the effects of diabetes mellitus separately. We found that the GG allele frequency was significantly higher in the patient group. Patients with the GG genotype had an approximately 2.78-fold higher risk of coronary artery disease. We also found that the Cox-2 (-765G > C) polymorphism is associated with lower interleukin-6 levels, which decreased in the order: GG > GC > CC.

Serum visfatin levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

The aim of this study is to determine the serum levels of visfatin in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and to understand its correlations with other metabolic and hormonal parameters. Thirty-seven patients with PCOS and 30 women without concomitant disease were included in this study. Serum visfatin levels were similar in patients with PCOS and control group. Visfatin levels were higher in normal weight PCOS when compared with obese PCOS, but it did not reach statistical significance. Visfatin levels correlated negatively with fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and lipoprotein-a levels in PCOS patients. CRP levels increased both in obese PCOS and in obese controls. Plasma visfatin levels had no correlation with homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance and fasting insulin levels, but the negative correlation between plasma visfatin levels and lipoprotein-a, fasting plasma glucose, TC and LDL levels may indicate a role for visfatin in cardiovascular disease independent of insulin resistance.

Endogenous sex hormones and their associations with cardiovascular risk factors in post-menopausal women.

Aims: Our aim was to understand the relationship between endogenous sex hormones and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in post-menopausal women. Materials and methods: Eighty-three post-menopausal women from a previous prospectively designed study were included. We analyzed endogenous sex hormones and biochemical parameters. Results: Levels of estradiol and free testosterone were higher in patients with metabolic syndrome. Estradiol correlated positively with interleukin-6 (IL-6), weight, body mass index (BMI), insulin, homocysteine, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Free testosterone correlated positively with weight, waist circumference (WC), BMI, insulin, HOMA-IR and negatively with HDL and SHBG. DHEAS correlated only with HDL. FSH correlated negatively with age, weight, WC, hip circumference, BMI, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, duration of menopause, fasting glucose, HDL, C-reactive protein, and insulin. LH correlated negatively with IL-6, age, WC, duration of menopause and SHBG. Conclusions: We identified endogenous estradiol and free testosterone as the strongest links to CVD risk. They can be used as biomarkers for CVD risk estimation.

Serum visfatin levels do not increase in post-menopausal women with metabolic syndrome.

Background: The aim of this study was to determine the serum visfatin levels in post-menopausal (PM) women with and without metabolic syndrome (MS) and to understand the correlation between serum visfatin levels and various other hormonal and metabolic parameters. Materials-Methods: We conducted a prospective cross-sectional study including 17 PM women with MS and a control group of 51 PM women without MS. MS was defined according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III. Results: Women with MS had statistically significantly higher fasting blood glucose, HDL, triglycerides, insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, and SHBG levels when compared to women without MS. Estradiol, high sensitivity C-reactive protein, and free testosterone levels were higher in the MS group, but there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups. Visfatin levels did not differ between the two groups. There was no correlation between serum visfatin levels and other parameters. Conclusions: There was no association between serum visfatin levels and MS in PM women.

25-Hydroxyvitamin D levels are related to hyperinsulinemia in polycystic ovary syndrome

Abstract Aim: To determine 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and the relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and metabolic disturbances including insulin resistance in women with PCOS. Materials and methods: We compared biochemical, hormonal parameters and 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels of 58 women with PCOS and 38 body mass index matched controls. Results: There was no difference in 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels of women with PCOS and the control group. Low 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in women with PCOS were related to higher insulin levels (r = − 0.271 and p = 0.042). More than 90% of the subjects had hypovitaminosis D. The negative relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and body mass index did not reach statistical significance. Conclusion: Low 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were related to hyperinsulinemia in women with PCOS. Chinese abstract 目的：本研究旨在研究多囊卵巢综合征女性25-羟维生素D水平，以及25-羟维生素D与代谢紊乱，包括胰岛素抵抗之间的关系。 材料与方法：我们比较58名多囊卵巢综合征及38名身体指数匹配的对照组女性的生物化学，激素指标，以及25-羟维生素D的水平。 结果：PCOS组与对照组间25-羟维生素D水平没有明显差异。PCOS组女性中25羟维生素D水平低者，其胰岛素水平较高（r=-0.217,p=0.042）。超过90%的受试者有维生素D缺乏症。但25-羟维生素D以及体重指数之间的负相关性并没有达到明显的统计学差异。 结论：PCOS患者低25-羟维生素D水平与高胰岛素水平相关。

Association between FAS and FASL genetic variants and risk of primary brain tumor.

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether functional polymorphisms of apoptosis pathway genes FAS and FASL are associated with the development of primary brain tumors. The study constituted 83 patients with primary brain tumor and 108 healthy individuals. In the present case-control study, the primary brain tumors were divided into two groups: gliomas and meningiomas. Evaluation of FAS -1377 G/A and FASL -844 T/C gene polymorphisms were performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). To confirm the genotyping, results were examined by DNA sequencing method. Our results were analyzed by SPSS. The frequency of the FAS -1377 AA genotype was significantly lower in meningioma and glioma patients compared to controls (p = 0.023; p = 0.001, respectively). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that FAS -1377 AA genotype was associated with decreased risk of meningioma and glioma (OR = 0.092, 95% CI: 0.012–0.719, p = 0.023 for meningiomas; OR = 0.056, 95% CI: 0.007–0.428, p = 0.006 for gliomas). However, there was no significant differences in FASL -844 T/C genotype frequencies between patients with primary brain tumors and controls (p > 0.05). In this study, combined genotypes were evaluated for association with primary brain tumors. Combined genotype analysis showed that the frequencies of AATC and AACC were significantly lower in glioma patients in comparison with those of controls (p = 0.023; p = 0.022, respectively). This study provides the first evidence that FAS -1377 AA genotype may have a protective effect on the developing primary brain tumor in a Turkish population.

Nesfatin-1 levels and metabolic markers in polycystic ovary syndrome

Abstract Nesfatin-1 is a novel hormon synthesized in hypothalamus and several other specific organs to regulate eating habits, appetite and is thought to be related to ovarian functions. In our study, we aimed to evaluate the nesfatin-1 levels with other metabolic parameters in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a condition that is known to be related to both ovarian functions and obesity. Study subjects were chosen from the women attended to the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Istanbul Bilim University, Avrupa Florence Nightingale Hospital. Thirty-five healthy control subjects and 55 PCOS patients were included. Blood samples were obtained on the 3rd day of the menstrual cycle. Luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), free testosterone (FT), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), insulin, fasting blood glucose (FBG), high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), triglycerides (TG), sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) levels were measured; homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) value was calculated. The nesfatin-1 levels were measured by competitive inhibition ELISA method. Due to our results, PCOS patients were having lower nesfatin-1 levels compared to the control group and this was not seemed to be related to body mass index (BMI) levels. This is an important result to be investigated in larger study groups and is related to other metabolic markers.

High DHEAS/free testosterone ratio is related to better metabolic parameters in women with PCOS.

Abstract Aims: To demonstrate the effects of DHEAS/free testosterone (DHEAS/FT) ratio on metabolic parameters in women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods: The data of 91 women with PCOS and 66 women in the control group were collected retrospectively. Results: DHEAS/FT of the control group was higher than that of PCOS group (684.93 ± 300.54 to 517.2 ± 300.8, p < 0.001). DHEAS/FT correlated with BMI (r = −0.352, p = 0.001), WHR (r = −0.371, p = 0.0219), LDL (r = −0.227, p = 0.031), HOMA-IR (r = −0.36, p = 0.001) and FAI (r = −0.639, p = 0.001) negatively and with HDL (r = 0.344, p = 0.001) and SHBG (r = 0.646, p = 0.001) positively. In the control group, DHEAS/FT correlated with BMI (r = −0.334, p = 0.007), CRP (r = −0.297, p = 0.016) and FAI (r = −0.399, p = 0.01) negatively. Conclusions: High DHEAS/FT ratios are related to a better metabolic phenotype in women with PCOS and low levels can be used to detect women with PCOS that have a higher risk of metabolic problems.

Gestasyonel diabetes mellitusu olan gebelerde ortalama trombosit hacmi

Amac: Bu calismada saglikli kontrol grubunu olusturan gebeler ve gestasyonel diabetes mellitus olanlarin ortalama trombosit hacimleri karsilastirildi ve ortalama trombosit hacmi ile aclik kan sekeri arasindaki iliski arastirildi.Gerec ve yontemler: Tibbi kayitlari retrospektif olarak arastirilarak gestasyonel diabetes mellitusu olan hastalar (n=43), saglikli gebe kontrol grubu (n=43) ile karsilastirildi. Bulgular: Kontrol grubunu olusturan saglikli gebelerde ve gestasyonel diabetes mellitusu olanlarda yapilan trombosit sayimi ve ortalama trombosit hacmi arasinda istatistiksel olarak anlamli fark bulunmadi. Gestasyonel diabetes mellitusu olan hastalarin aclik kan sekeri ve ortalama trombosit hacmi arasinda da istatistiksel olarak anlamli iliski bulunmadi (r=-0,207, p=0.189). Her iki grubun tum kan sayimi parametreleri karsilastirildiginda, sadece hemoglobin seviyelerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamli farklilik bulundu.Sonuc: Kontrol grubunu olusturan saglikli gebeler ve gestasyonel diabetes mellitus olan hastalardaki ortalama trombosit hacmi arasinda anlamli bir fark yoktur. Ayrica gestasyonel diabetes mellitus olan hastalarin aclik kan sekerleri ile ortalama trombosit hacmi arasinda bir iliski bulunamamistir