V. A. Khan

Intraspecies chemical variability of the essential oil of Ledum palustre

The compositions of the essential oils of marsh tea,Ledum palustre L., from the southern regions of Tomsk, Transbaikalia and Amur province, and also from the southern part of the island of Sakhalin have been analyzed in detail. The results obtained indicate the sharply pronounced intraspecies chemical variability of this plant. In addition to the chemotype of march tea with myrcene as a macrocomponent which is widely distributed in the European part of the USSR, another three chemotypes with the macrocomponents limonene, sabinen, and p-cymene have been revealed.

New terpenoids of the essential oil of Ledum palustre

Summary1. The composition of the mono- and sesquiterpenoids of the essential oil ofLedum palustre L. var.vulgare Ledeb. has been studied.2. It has been established that the composition of the essential oil of a Siberian specimen of crystal tea ledum differs from those of European specimens.3. The predominating components of the monoterpenoids of the essential oil studied were compounds of the para-menthane series: limonene, p-mentha-1(7)-8-dien-2-ols (I) and (II); and, among the sesquiterpenoids, allo-aromadendrene, palustrol, and ledol.

Terpenoids of the oleoresin ofLarix leptolepis

The monoterpenes (56 g) were analyzed by the GLC method. Seven compounds were identified from their relative retention times, ~-pinene(1.5%), B-pinene (1.7%), 3-carene (85.6%), myrcene (0.5%), B-phellandrene (4.7), limonene [1.0%), and 7-terpinene (1.4%). As in a botanically close species, the Kamchatkan larch, 3-carene predominated in this oleoresin, but a considerably smaller amount of ~and B-pinenes was found.

Terpenoids ofPinus funebris

The complete chemical composition of the oleoresin of the Chinese pine growing in the Far East has been studied. It has been shown that the main components of the monoterpenes are α-pinene, β-phellandrene, and α-terpineol. The sesquiterpenes contain longifolene and compounds related to it. The oleoresin of the Chinese pine is distinguished by a high content of diterpene cembrane compounds. Among the resin acids, dehydroabietic acid predominates (42.4%).

Scheme for the group separation of the components of conifer oleoresins. Terpenoids of the oleoresin of pinus cembra

SummaryA scheme has been proposed for the group separation of the components of conifer oleoresins, and the mono-, sesqui- and diterpenes of the oleoresins of the European stone pine have been investigated by means of this scheme.2. The composition of the oleoresin of the European stone pine is very similar to those of the Siberian pine and of the Korean pine, but differs from the latter by the absence of cis-abienol and bisabolol.

Essential oils of wormwoods of the Absinthium DC section

I. ~ -Pinene 2. Camphene 3. Sabinene h. Myrcene 5..8 -Pinene 6. p~Cymene 7. A 3 -Carene S. Limonene q. e -Terpinene ]0: Terpinolene ii. CeTerpineol 12. Thujone !3. Thyjyl acetate 14. Thujyl alcohol 15. Camphor 15. Borneol 17. Terpineol-4 18. Thymol methyl ether 19. Bornyl acetate 20. Copaene 21. Caryophyl lene 22. 8 -Farnesene ?.3. Elemene 2h. v-Muurolene 25. Germacrene-D 26. ~ -Humulene 27. ~-Murrolene 28. ~-Cadinene 29. 5 -Cadinene 30. Bisabolol 31. Caryophyllene oxide 32. Ledol 33. Carato 1 34. ~-Cadinol 35. Selinane alcohol 36. Intermedeol ~7. Chamazulene 38. Ajanol Unidentified 0,5 19,1 1,6

Chemical composition of the oleoresin ofLarix kamtschatica

The chemical composition of the oleoresin of the Kamchatka larch has been studied. Mono-, sesqui-, and diterpenoids have been found in it. The monoterpenes were represented by nine components (the main one being 3-carene), and among the sesquiterpene hydrocarbons γ-element, longifolene, and germacrene D predominated. The main oxygen-containing diterpenoid was larixyl acetate. Seven resin acids were determined, the main one being isopimaric and palustric and/or levopimaric.

Oxygen-containing mono- and sesquiterpenoids of the oleoresin ofPicea koraiensis

We have previously studied the monoand sesqulterpene hydrocarbons [i] and the diterpenoids and resin acids [2] of the oleoresin of Picea koraiensi8 Nakai (Korean spruce). Continuing our investigation of the oleoresin, we have determined the composition of the fraction of monoand sesquiterpenoids obtained by fractional distillation of the oxygen-contalning compounds of the neutral part of the oleoresin (bp 100-160°C/2 ~n Hg, 0.7% of the oleoresin). By chromatography of the fraction (5 g) on silica gel and silica gel impregnated with 20% ,of silver nitrate we isolated individual terpenoids, the identification of which was carried out by comparing their spectral characteristics with those of authentic samples.

Terpenoids of the oleoresins ofPicea orientalis andAbies normanniana growing in the Caucasus

The terpenoid compositions of the oleoresins of the oriental spruce and of the Nordmann fir growing in the Caucasus have been studied. From the oleoresin ofPicea orientalis (L.) Link, which belongs to the sectionOmorica, 32 mono-, sesqui-, and diterpene compounds have been identified, and fromAbies nordmanniana Stev. 37 mono-, sesqui, and diterpene compounds. Together with other diterpenoids that are characteristic for the oleoresins of all species of fir, methyl dehydroabietate and methyl 15-hydroxy dehydroabietate have been found in the oleoresin of the Nordmann fir. Three new sesquiterpene hydrocarbons have been isolated.

Terpenoids of the oleoresin ofPinus kochiana

The chemical composition of the oleoresin of Kochs pine growing in the Caucasus has been studied. It has been shown that, with respect to the composition of the monoterpenes and the resin acids, the oleoresin of this species does not differ from oleoresins of the subgenusDiploxylon studied previously. Predominating among the sesquiterpenes is germacrene D, which has not previously been found in the resins of the conifers of the USSR. The diterpenoids are represented by tricyclic compounds (pimarinol, isopimarinol, and methyl 15-hydroxydehydroabietate and the hydrocarbons corresponding to them).