V. M. Strakhov

Ozonization of Mongolian and Russian lignite and the derived humic acids

The ozonization products of regular and oxidized lignite, semicoke, and humic acids consist of a mixture of aliphatic monocarboxylic and dicarboxylic acids and aromatic polycarboxylic acids of the benzene, naphthalene, and phenanthrene series.

Thermodestruction of Mongolian and Russian lignite in slow and fast pyrolysis

The fast and slow pyrolysis of lignite from the Kansko-Achinsk, Baganursk, and Tugrugnursk deposits is investigated. These semicokes are modified with various organic additives so as to change their porous structure and reactivity.

Bitumen from Mongolian and Russian lignite

Quantitative characteristics are presented for the bitumen extracted from Podmoskovnyi, Kansko-Achinsk, Irkutsk, Baganursk, and Tugrugnursk lignite and the humic acids from the Tugrugnursk deposit by polar solvents (hexane, diethyl ether, acetone, chloroform, benzene, toluene, 1 : 1 alcohol-benzene mixture, pyridine, and acetic acid).

Modification of bed-coking batch with tar derived from Mongolian and Russian lignite

Heat-treated heavy tar from the high-seed pyrolysis of Kansko-Achinsk and Mongolian (Baganursk and Tugrugnursk) lignite may be used in coking. In that case, up to 7–10% 1OSV and KS coal may also be introduced in the batch. Adding the tar improves the gross coke yield and the physicomechanical properties of the coke.

Thermal and thermochemical processing of regular and enriched shale of different genetic types in mixtures with petroleum residues

The thermal and thermochemical processing of regular and enriched shale of different genetic types is considered.

Influence of coal, shale, and petrochemical binders and fillers on the properties of cold-rammed hearth mass

Heat-treated tar from the high-speed pyrolysis of Kansko-Achinsk lignite (Russia) and Baganursk lignite (Mongolia), asphalt from Yaregsk petroleum, A-10 softener, and heavy shale oils from gas-generator stations and UTT-3000 systems are promising binders for the manufacture of cold-rammed hearth mass.

Semicoking of Kansko-Achinsk lignite and applications of tar fractions

The semicoking of regular lignite from the Berezovsk field in Kansko-Achinsk Basin (moisture content 1.6–19.6 wt %) at 450–550°C in a reactor with solid heat carrier is studied. The products are semicoke (up to 68.1%), tar (up to 9.5%), gas (up to 31.9%), and pyrogenetic water. The composition of the semicoking gas is quantitatively determined. Its main components are hydrogen (up to 71.7%) and methane (up to 17.2%). The heat of combustion of the semicoking gas is 12.39–16.25 MJ/m3. The yield of phenolic fractions in the semicoking tar, consisting of phenol and its alkyl derivatives with one or two short substituents (C1–C3), is 10.5–14.6%. After hydraulic purification of the gasoline fraction in the semicoking tar (below 180°C), gasoline with octane rating 75.8 (by the motor method) is obtained. It consists of aromatic, saturated, and unsaturated hydrocarbons (C5–C8). The diesel fuel derived from tar fractions distilled off at temperatures up to 350°C are of good quality, except for their low cetane rating. The high-boiling tar fractions may be used to produce lignite pitch and pitch coke. The semicoke obtained is a very effective reducing agent in the production of phosphorus. It may also be used as a lean additive in coking batch and as a component in enriched domestic coal briquets.

Producing lignite pitch from high-boiling semicoking tar

The heat treatment of high-boiling tar fractions from Berezovsk lignite (Kansk–Achinsk Basin) in a solid-fuel reactor to obtain lignite pitch is investigated. In addition, the use of the semicoke to reduce granulated phosphorus pellets from Dzhanatas ore is studied. The lignite pitch and semicoke may also be used in coking batch for the production of blast-furnace coke with improved properties; as binder in the production of domestic lignite-based fuel briquets; as binder in the sintering of Kovdorsk and Olenegorsk iron-ore concentrates at AO Severstal’; as binder in the production of anode masses for aluminum production; as binder in bricks and cold packing employed in the manufacture and sealing of electrolyzer hearths; and for pyrolysis with natural methane to increase the yield of ethylene.

Influence of the recirculation of high-boiling oil fractions in shale processing

The thermolysis of shale (regular shale from the Kenderlyk field in Kazakhstan) with the recirculation of high-boiling shale-oil fractions (above 340°C) in a system with a solid heat source is investigated by balance analysis. Such recirculation boosts the quality of the shale oil obtained. It is characterized by lower density, lower sulfur content, and higher yield of the light fractions employed in automobile fuels (gasoline and diesel fuel).

Semicoking of the residual humin from Berezovsk lignite

The semicoking of residual humin from Berezovsk lignite is investigated, with and without additions of modifier. The maximum semicoke yield is observed at 450°C after 0.25 h. Converted for absolutely dry semicoke, it is 64–66%, regardless of the moisture content of the humin. The 11% increase in tar yield when using heavy tar from Arlansk petroleum as the modifier confirms these conclusions. The operational characteristics show that modified semicoke practically matches the properties of traditional reducing agents. Analysis indicates that the tar from the semicoking of residual humin is characterized by relatively high calorific value and contains mainly fractions with moderate boiling points. Accordingly, it may be regarded as a fuel.