V. S. Ivanov

Production of neutron rich nuclides from uranium carbide targets of different density

Abstract Online tests of uranium carbide targets of different density 11 and 1.25 g/cm3 coupled with a new type of high temperature electron beam ion source at a temperature of (2050–2300 °C) have been carried out. The yields of neutron rich isotopes of Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, In, Sn and isotopes of heavy elements such as Pb, Bi, Po and some others have been measured. Comparisons of the yields of Ag, In and Sn isotopes from tested targets are presented. In the temperature interval of (2100–2130 °C) the delay times for Ag and In were measured. The integral online production efficiency from the target – ion source unit estimated in the range (0.2–10%) for different nuclides.

New laser setup for the selective isotope production and investigation in a laser ion source at the IRIS (Investigation of Radioactive Isotopes on Synchrocyclotron) facilitya)

New laser installation for the resonance ionization spectroscopy in a laser ion source and for rare isotope production has been recently put into operation at the IRIS (Investigation of Radioactive Isotopes on Synchrocyclotron) facility (Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina). This is a significant improvement of a previous target-laser ion source device of the IRIS mass-separator, working on-line with 1 GeV proton beam of PNPI (Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute) synchrocyclotron. It makes possible for us to get the isobarically clean radioactive isotope beams of a great number of chemical elements. New laser setup provides the two- or three-resonance step ionization in the range of wavelength of 265-850 nm. The first results obtained at the laser setup for Tl isotopes are presented.

High temperature electron beam ion source for the production of single charge ions of most elements of the Periodic Table

Abstract A new type of a high temperature electron beam ion source (HTEBIS) with a working temperature up to 2500 °C was developed for production of single charge ions of practically all elements. Off-line tests and on-line experiments making use of the developed ion source coupled with uranium carbide targets of different density, have been carried out. The ionization efficiency measured for stable atoms of many elements varied in the interval of 1–6%. Using the HTEBIS, the yields and on-line production efficiency of neutron rich isotopes of Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, In, Sn and isotopes of heavy elements Pb, Bi, Po and some others have been determined. The revealed confinement effect of the ions produced in the narrow electron beam inside a hot ion source cavity has been discussed.

The radioisotope complex project “RIC-80” at the Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute

The high current cyclotron C-80 capable of producing 40-80 MeV proton beams with a current of up to 200 μA has been constructed at Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute. One of the main goals of the C-80 is the production of a wide spectrum of medical radionuclides for diagnostics and therapy. The project development of the radioisotope complex RIC-80 (radioisotopes at the cyclotron C-80) at the beam of C-80 has been completed. The RIC-80 complex is briefly discussed in this paper. The combination of the mass-separator with the target-ion source device, available at one of the new target stations for on-line or semi on-line production of a high purity separated radioisotopes, is explored in greater detail. The results of target and ion source tests for a mass-separator method for the production of high purity radioisotopes (82)Sr and (223,224)Ra are also presented.

High temperature electron beam ion source for on-line production of isotopes of refractory elements

A high temperature electron beam ion source (HTEBIS) for production of single charge ions of refractory elements was built and on-line used for production of isotopes of Fe, Co, Cu, Rh, and Pd. Off-line ionization efficiency measurement of pointed out elements have been carried out. The yields of some neutron rich isotopes of these elements, when HTEBIS was used with the uranium carbide target have been measured. The measured yields have been compared with calculated ones, obtained from experimentally defined cross-sections. A new designed and off-line tested version of HTEBIS with electron emitting cathode placed from the extraction electrode side has been discussed.

Enhancement of ionization efficiency of surface, electron bombardment and laser ion sources by axial magnetic field application

Effect of an axial magnetic field influence on the ionization efficiency of surface and laser ion sources has been observed. The axial magnetic field applying in the range 500–800 G gives an increase of the ion current of atoms of all elements those are ionized in a hot cavity of the surface or laser ion source. Moreover, if for ionization of atoms with low ionization potentials such as K, Rb, and Cs the magnetic field applying effect is negligible, for elements with ionization potentials higher than 6 eV, such as Gd, Tm, Yb, Lu, and others it reaches value about 20 in the ion source temperature region of 2100–2500 °C. The results of on-line experiments are presented confirming the influence of the axial magnetic field on the ionization efficiency rise of neutron-deficient isotopes of rare-earth elements produced in the combined ion source-target assembly (ionizing target) and Eu isotopes resonantly ionized in the laser ion source and in the high temperature ionizing target.

Target development for 67Сu, 82Sr radionuclide production at the RIC-80 facility

A high-current cyclotron C-80 capable of producing 40–80 MeV proton beams with a current of up to 200 μA has been constructed and commissioned at PNPI (Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute). One of the main goals of cyclotron C-80 is the production of a wide spectrum of medical radionuclides for diagnostics and therapy. To date, the project development of a radioisotope facility RIC-80 (radioisotopes at cyclotron C-80) has been completed. The feature of the project is the use of a mass-separator combined with the ion-target device for obtaining ion beams of radioisotopes with a high purity of separation that is especially important for medical applications. The first results of а new high-temperature method for extracting 82Sr and 67Сu radioisotopes from irradiated targets have been presented.

Shape evolution for neutron-deficient bismuth isotopes studied by resonance laser ionization spectroscopy

In-source laser spectroscopy experiments for bismuth isotopes at the 306.77 nm atomic transition has been carried out at the IRIS (Investigation of Radioactive Isotopes at Synchrocyclotron) facility of Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute. New data on isotope shifts for 189–198,211Bi isotopes and isomers have been obtained. The changes in the mean-square charge radii were deduced. The large isomer shift has been observed for the intruder isomer states of Bi with spin I = 1/2 (A = 193, 195, 197). This testifies to the shape coexistence in these nuclei with the intruder isomer states more deformed than the ground states. Marked deviation from the nearly spherical behavior for ground states of the even-neutron Bi isotopes at N < 109 is demonstrated, in contrast to the Pb and Tl isotopic chains.

Changes in the mean square charge radii and electromagnetic moments of neutron-deficient Bi isotopes

In-source laser spectroscopy experiments for neutron deficient bismuth isotopes at the 306.77 nm atomic transition were carried out at the IRIS (Investigation of Radioactive Isotopes on Synchrocyclotron) facility of Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute (PNPI). New data on isotope shifts and hyperfine structure for 189–198, 211Bi isotopes and isomers were obtained. The changes in the mean-square charge radii and the magnetic moment values were deduced. Marked deviation from the nearly spherical behavior for ground states of bismuth isotopes at N < 109 is demonstrated, in contrast to the lead and thallium isotopic chains. The big isomer shift between I = 1/2 (intruder) and I = 9/2 (normal) states for odd Bi isotopes (A = 193, 195, 197) was found.