Vagner Figuerêdo de Santana

Web accessibility and people with dyslexia: a survey on techniques and guidelines

Although the dyslexia has significant occurrence in the global population, ranging from 15 to 20%, not much is known about how developers, designers, and content producers should respect differences and consider people with dyslexia in the Web. In this paper we present a survey regarding the state of the art on dyslexia and Web Accessibility. From the results, we present a set of 41 guidelines that may support website stakeholders (i.e., people directly involved with the design, development, and content) in phases involving design, coding, and Web content insertion. Moreover, we propose a mapping of these guidelines considering the responsibilities of different roles of websites stakeholders. Informed by this survey we expect development teams to objectively consider abilities of people with dyslexia in order to remove accessibility barriers.

Web usability probe: a tool for supporting remote usability evaluation of web sites

Usability evaluation of Web sites is still a difficult and timeconsuming task, often performed manually. This paper presents a tool that supports remote usability evaluation of Web sites. The tool considers client-side data on user interactions and JavaScript events. In addition, it allows the definition of custom events, giving evaluators the flexibility to add specific events to be detected and considered in the evaluation. The tool supports evaluation of any Web site by exploiting a proxy-based architecture and enables the evaluator to perform a comparison between actual user behavior and an optimal sequence of actions.

WELFIT: A remote evaluation tool for identifying Web usage patterns through client-side logging

Abstract Although websites evaluation tools use different data sources (e.g., Web pages, server logs, and mouse tracks), few of them support remote evaluation using detailed observational data. Without considering data that represent the user’s real interaction with the interface, usability problems and/or accessibility barriers may remain unknown. This work contributes to the field by providing a tool to identify usage patterns based on client-side event logs and by presenting event stream composition characteristics. The work results from a long-term project and the tool is now available to the community. The system records usage data during real use, identifies usage patterns, and indicates potential user interface design problems. The proposed tool was experimented, counting on 180 participants, during a 15 month period collecting data from website usage. Results obtained are promising regarding the identification of usage patterns and the characterization of event streams based on the types of events that compose them.

Summarizing observational client-side data to reveal web usage patterns

Client-side event logs may reveal patterns of usage of Web pages. Nevertheless, extracting useful and novel information from this voluminous data set is a challenge for evaluation tools, since a few minutes simple task may result in a sequence of hundreds of events. This work contributes with a technique to process these logs and build a Web pages usage graph summarizing statistical information of the Web page usage concerning one or more sessions. This graph reveals patterns of real usage data, which Human-Computer Interaction specialists may find useful for inspecting accessibility and usability issues. Moreover, Web usage miners can reuse the usage graph to apply other techniques to discover other patterns or rules.

Support for remote usability evaluation of web mobile applications

Usability evaluation of Web sites is still a difficult and time-consuming task, often performed manually. This paper presents a tool that supports remote usability evaluation of Web sites accessed through mobile devices. The tool considers client-side data on user interactions and JavaScript events. In addition, it allows the definition of custom events, giving evaluators the flexibility to add specific events to detect and consider in the evaluation. The tool supports evaluation of any Web site by exploiting a proxy-based architecture and enables the evaluator to perform a comparison between actual user behaviour and an optimal sequence of actions.

A Prospect of Websites Evaluation Tools Based on Event Logs

The variety of websites evaluation tools based on event logs is growing, but some of their limitations are already visible (e.g., the need for task model, plug-in dependency, use of simulated tasks, separation of accessibility from usability, etc). Some of these characteristics result in coupled systems and make the configuration and use of these tools more expensive. This work aims to show the main features and weaknesses of these tools. One expects that the discussion and the requirements pointed out in this paper could help developers of evaluation tools so they could reuse consolidated ideas and avoid identified weaknesses.

KEEPING TRACK OF HOW USERS USE CLIENT DEVICES - An Asynchronous Client-Side Event Logger Model

Keywords: Event logger, usage logger, client-side logger. Abstract: Web Usage Mining usually considers server logs as a data source for collecting patterns of usage data. This solution presents limitations when the goal is to represent how users interact with specific user interface elements, since this approach may not have detailed information about users’ actions. This paper presents a model for logging client-side events and an implementation of it as a websites evaluation tool. By using the model presented here, miner systems can capture detailed Web usage data, making possible a fine-grained examination of Web pages usage. In addition, the model can help Human-Computer Interaction practitioners to log client-side events of mobile devices, set-top boxes, Web pages, among other artefacts.

A Taxonomy for Website Evaluation Tools Grounded on Semiotic Framework

Taxonomies are valuable for providing a standardized way of cataloging elements into categories. In the context of website evaluation tools, providing a structured way for researchers and practitioners to compare and analyze existing solutions is valuable for identifying gaps/trends or to support well-informed decisions during development cycles (from planning to deployment). This paper proposes a taxonomy for classifying website evaluation tools grounded on Semiotic Framework, an artifact from Organizational Semiotics. The taxonomy is structured into 4 main dimensions (i.e., Participant-evaluator interaction; Effort; Automation type; Data source) and considers interaction and efforts involving UI evaluation stakeholders. From the proposed taxonomy, we expect to support consistent characterization of website evaluation tools.

Multiple-perspective Visual Analytics for GRC Platforms.

GRC (Governance, Risk, and Compliance) data is voluminous and highly interrelated, yet sparsely populated. This fact represents one of the biggest challenges when creating visualizations for such datasets: the data does not align well in a tabular structure typically used to populate displays and reports. GRC Platforms provide reporting capabilities and data visualization techniques to summarize data, yet most common GRC visualizations are restricted to certain inflexible perspectives, e.g., Risk Matrix. This work presents a Visual Analytics system that provides multiple visual perspectives over GRC data. The evaluation of the system involved four GRC specialists. The results show that the multiple perspectives approach supports the summarization of different portions of the GRC data, especially regarding business process and business entity taxonomies, and risk/control relationships. The results provide useful insights for specialists working to explore and summarize GRC data and to integrate Visual Analytics Systems with GRC platforms. In addition, the multiple-perspective approach presented could also be applied in systems sharing the same data structure GRP Platforms use.

Log-Based Personalization Tool as an Assistive Technology

Solutions for personalizing websites by automatically changing user interfaces UI to fit users needs have been proposed by the industry and the academy in order to provide individualized user experience. However, the users perception of changes in the tailored UI is still a topic to be studied. This work presents a tool developed to capture logs, generate, and apply individual adjustments, personalizing websites as people use it. In addition, the tool is proposed as a log-based personalization assistive technology and it is published to the community. The tool was evaluated in depth, qualitatively, counting with the participation of 4 blind users fluent in using the Web, knowing personalization existing features, and fluent on using computers. They were invited so that the understanding of outcomes and limitations of the personalization features offered could be better understood. Based on the results, we highlight possible scenarios where similar approaches could be used to assist people with disabilities and reinforce the importance of considering the users perception of changes automatically performed in UIs.