Valdeci Elias dos Santos Junior

Early childhood caries and its relationship with perinatal, socioeconomic and nutritional risks: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundSocioeconomic, perinatal and other life cycle events can be important determinants of the health status of the individual and populations. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of early childhood caries (ECC), perinatal factors (gestational age, teenage pregnancy and birth weight), family income and nutritional risk in children.MethodsA cross-sectional study in which 320 children were examined according to the criteria established by the World Health Organization. A previously validated questionnaire was used to obtain information from parents and guardians about family income, gestational age and birth weight. To check the nutritional risk, we used the criteria provided by the CDC (Center for Disease Control). For Statistics, Pearson’s, chi-square and the multivariate Poisson analyses were used to determine the association among variables.ResultsApproximately 20% of children had ECC, and the Poisson multivariate analyses indicated that family income (p = 0.009), birth weight (p < 0.001) and infant obesity (p < 0.001) were related to the increase of ECC, and gestational age was not significantly associated with ECC (p = 0.149). Pregnancy in adolescence was not included in the regression analyses model because it was not statistically significant in the chi-square test (p > 0.05).ConclusionThe prevalence of ECC was related to low family income, premature birth and infant obesity.

Effects of a New Nano-Silver Fluoride-Containing Dentifrice on Demineralization of Enamel and Streptococcus mutans Adhesion and Acidogenicity

An experimental dentifrice containing nano-silver fluoride (NSF) and a sodium fluoride (NaF) toothpaste were tested in vitro, against S. mutans, to evaluate the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC), antiadherence, antiacid, enamel microhardness, and OCT. The microdilution technique was used to determine the MIC and MBC. Fragments of deciduous enamel were treated with dentifrice slurries, containing bacterial suspension and PBS-treated saliva. The quantification of the microorganisms that adhered to the enamel was determined after 24 hours of incubation, and media pH readings were performed after 2 hours and 24 hours. Deciduous teeth were evaluated for microhardness and OCT during 14 days of pH cycling. Data were statistically analyzed using Students t-test, Mann–Whitney U test, ANOVA, and Tukey tests at 5% of significance. Dentifrices containing NSF presented a lower MIC and higher statistically significant results compared to NaF dentifrices with respect to preventing bacterial adhesion and pH decreases. NSF and NaF dentifrices showed the same ability to avoid enamel demineralization corroborated by the OCT images. The NSF formulation had a better antibacterial effect compared to NaF dentifrices and similar action on the demineralization of enamel indicating their potential effectiveness to prevent caries.

Existe associação entre manchas de esmalte em pré-molares e tratamento endodôntico nos seus antecessores decíduos?

Objetivo: este estudo longitudinal retrospectivo objetivou avaliar se existe relacao entre o surgimento de manchas de esmalte em pre-molares, apos o tratamento endodontico dos seus antecessores molares deciduos.Metodos: as criancas submetidas a pesquisa, pacientes do Instituto de Medicina Integral Professor Fernando Figueira (IMIP), desde a mais tenra idade, foram localizados, juntamente com seus prontuarios, e agrupados igualmente em tres grupos conforme avaliacao: (1) pre-molares sucessores de dentes deciduos que foram submetidos ao tratamento endodontico com sessao unica de Formocresol; (2) pre-molares sucessores de dentes deciduos que foram submetidos ao tratamento endodontico com CTZ; (3) pre-molares cujos molares deciduos antecessores nao possuiam lesoes de acometimento pulpar. Um unico examinador, com o intuito de identificar manchas de esmalte, avaliou 180 pre-molares, sem conhecimento previo do historico clinico ao qual foram submetidos seus antecessores deciduos,utilizando inspecao visual conferindo um indice Cohen´s kappa = 0,90. O teste de Qui-quadrado de Person e o exato de Fisher foram utilizados para identificar as diferencas entre os grupos experimentais e entre os grupos experimentais e o controle, respectivamente, em relacao ao surgimento de manchas. O nivel de significância adotado nesse estudo foi de 5%. Resultados: foi identificado que 8,3% dos pre-molares tratados com Formocresol e 11,7% tratados com o CTZ apresentaram algum tipo de mancha no esmalte (p>0.05), no entanto, nao foram detectadas manchas nos dentes do grupo controle (p Objective: The aim of this longitudinal retrospective study was to investigate whether there is association of the presence of enamel stains in premolars after endodontic treatment of their primary molar predecessors. Method: The children of this research have been patients of the Integral Medicine Institute Professor Fernando Figueira (IMIP) since their earliest age. The children were localized, their clinical charts were retrieved, and three groups were formed according to the evaluation: (1) successor premolars of primary molars subjected to single-session endodontic treatment with formocresol; (2) successor premolars of primary molars subjected to endodontic treatment with CTZ paste; and (3) successor premolars of primary molars that had no previous pulp involvement. A single examiner blinded to the clinical history of the primary molar predecessors evaluated 180 premolars for enamel stains by visual inspection, with a Cohen?s index kappa=0.90. Pearson?s square chi and Fisher?s exact tests were used to identify the differences among the experimental groups, and between the control and experimental groups, respectively, as regards the presence of enamel stains. The significance level was set at 5%. Results: 8.3% of the premolars that had the primary molar predecessors treated with formocresol and 11.7% of those treated with CTZ had some kind of enamel stain (p>0.05). There were no enamel stains in the teeth of the control group (p less than 0.05). Conclusion: When the primary molar predecessors were subjected to endodontic treatment with both formocresol and CTZ, enamel stains developed in the premolars, though without statistically significant difference...(AU)

Adverse events on the use of interim therapeutic in schoolchildren: silver diamine fluoride × interim therapeutic restorative - a pilot study

Purpose: Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) is a caries prevention and arresting agent that is easy to apply clinically. Interim therapeutic restorations (IRT) are also known to be a simple and effective method for treating caries in children. This study examines whether treatment with 30% silver diamine fluoride (SDF) will cause fewer adverse events than the available interim therapeutic restorations in underprivileged schoolchildren with cavities. Methods: We conducted a three-month pilot study comparing the adverse effects of IRT using glass ionomer cement (Fuji IX, GC America, Inc.) with those of 30% silver diamine fluoride (Cariostop Biodynamic®, Brazil) in 50 children aged 6 years. Results: In the SDF group, all caries were arrested and no pain, abscess or fistula was reported. Of the children assigned to the Fuji IX group, 24% reported toothache (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the occurrence of fistula and abscess in the two groups. Conclusion: The authors suggest that for underprivileged schoolchildren with caries, the use of SDF when an appropriate clinical setting is not available resulted in fewer adverse effects than did treatment with an interim therapeutic restorative using FUJI IX.