Valdinar A. Rocha-Junior

Graduated compression sleeves: effects on metabolic removal and neuromuscular performance.

Abstract Martorelli, SS, Martorelli, AS, Pereira, MC, Rocha-Junior, VA, Tan, JG, Alvarenga, JG, Brown, LE, and Bottaro, M. Graduated compression sleeves: Effects on metabolic removal and neuromuscular performance. J Strength Cond Res 29(5): 1273–1278, 2015—The aim of this study was to examine the effects of upper-body graduated compression sleeves (CS) on neuromuscular and metabolic responses during a power training. Fifteen resistance trained men (age: 23.07 ± 3.92 years; body mass: 76.13 ± 7.62 kg; height: 177 ± 6 cm) performed 2 separate power training protocols, either wearing CS or placebo sleeves (PS), in a counterbalanced fashion. Participants first performed a familiarization session and a bench press 1 repetition maximum (1RM) test. The training protocol consisted of 6 sets of 6 repetitions of bench press with a load of 50% 1RM. Statistical analysis compared mean power, peak power, blood lactate, muscle activation, isometric strength, and repetitions to failure. Mean and peak power significantly (p ⩽ 0.05) decreased with increasing sets. However, there was no significant difference (p > 0.05) on mean and peak power between protocols. Blood lactate clearance was also not significantly different (p > 0.05) between CS and PS. Muscle activation was not different between PRE and POST (p > 0.05) for any of the muscles analyzed. Isometric strength decreased from PRE to POST (p ⩽ 0.05) and was not different between CS and PS. Repetitions to failure were not different between protocols (p > 0.05). These results demonstrate no positive performance effects when wearing graduated CS during power exercise in young trained men.

The Effects of Graduated Compression Sleeves on Muscle Performance: A Randomised Controlled Trial

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of graduated compression sleeves on muscle performance during high-intensity exercise. Twenty-four resistance trained men were randomly assigned to one of two groups: compression sleeve (GCS, n=11) or placebo sleeve (GPS, n=13). Participants performed 4 sets of 10 unilateral maximal eccentric/concentric elbow flexion repetitions on an isokinetic dynamometer at 120°s−1 with 1 min of inter-set rest. Average torque, work and power were measured during concentric and eccentric actions. ANOVA revealed no significant interactions or main effects for group for any variable. However, values decreased significantly across sets for average torque (1st = 46.55 ± 11.11 Nm to 4th = 36.75 ± 8.78 Nm), average work (1st = 78.83 ± 18.49 J to 4th = 53.26 ± 10.04 J) and average power (1st = 52.3 ± 12.03 W to 4th = 32.59 ± 8.82 W). Therefore, the use of a graduated compression sleeve appears not enhance isokinetic elbow flexion muscle performance.

Reliability of normalized surface electromyographic signals of maximal upper-body isokinetic strength

BACKGROUND: Normalization in surface electromyography (SEMG) has been the object of numerous investigations. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability of normalized SEMG amplitude, as well as the reliability of different normalization coefficients during isokinetic upper-body strength assessment. METHODS: Thirteen male subjects performed a maximal isokinetic elbow flexion test and test-retest separated by 5 to 7 days. Three normalization coefficients were extracted from the tests: 1) mean value of the rectified SEMG signal (MeanTask); 2) peak value of the rectified SEMG signal (PeakTask); 3) maximal value of the rectified SEMG signal of the peak torque repetition (Isokinetic-specMVC). These normalization coefficients, as well as the root mean square value (RMS) of the signal before and after normalization by described coefficients (RMS-MeanTask; RMS-PeakTask; RMS-Isokinetic-specMVC) were evaluated in terms of absolute and relative reliability. RESULTS: None of the normalization coefficients presented acceptable levels of absolute reliability (bias range in limits of agreement greater than 27%). However MeanTask and Isokinetic-specMVC presented good levels of relative reliability (ICC > 0.80). RMS-MeanTask was the only amplitude parameter that demonstrated satisfactory indices of absolute (bias range lower than 5% and CV 0.80) reliability. CONCLUSIONS: Normalizing SEMG amplitude by MeanTask is a reasonable strategy to reduce day-to-day amplitude discrepancies during isokinetic upper-body strength assessment.

Effects of Synergist vs. NonSynergist Split Resistance Training Routines on Acute Neuromuscular Performance in Resistance-Trained Men

Abstract Castanheira, RPM, Ferreira-Junior, JB, Celes, RS, Rocha-Junior, VA, Cadore, EL, Izquierdo, M, and Bottaro, M. Effects of synergist vs. nonsynergist split resistance training routines on acute neuromuscular performance in resistance-trained men. J Strength Cond Res 31(12): 3482–3488, 2017—The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of synergist (SN) vs. nonsynergist (NS) split resistance training routines on the acute neuromuscular performance of the elbow flexors in resistance-trained men. Fifteen resistance-trained men (age: 23.2 ± 4.0 years, height: 173.0 ± 0.08 cm, and body mass: 78.38 ± 9.31 kg) randomly performed 3 training routines separated by an interval of 7 days: (a) pull-pull exercises (SN), which included 6 sets of 10 repetition maximum (RM) of a seated row exercise followed by 4 sets of 10RM of the preacher biceps curl exercise; (b) push-pull exercises (NS), which included 6 sets of 10RM of the bench press exercise followed by 4 sets of 10RM of the preacher biceps curl exercise; and (c) Control, which included 4 sets of 10RM of the preacher biceps curl exercise. Elbow flexors peak torque, total work, and the amplitude of electromyography signal (EMG root mean square) were measured during the elbow flexor isokinetic exercise. Peak torque was 10.2 and 3.9% higher during Control condition when compared with the SN and NS conditions, respectively (p ⩽ 0.05). Peak torque was also 6.0% greater in the NS condition than the SN condition (p ⩽ 0.05). Moreover, total work was 5.1% greater in the NS condition than the SN condition. Additionally, EMG findings did not differ among conditions (p > 0.05). In conclusion, a push and pull NS split routine is recommended to maximize elbow flexor training performance (i.e., lower acute loading effect) in trained subjects.

Parâmetros eletromiográficos em exercícios fatigantes realizados com diferentes tipos de resistência

En esta investigacion se pretendio estudiar los estandares electromiograficos de fatiga muscular durante la realizacion de ejercicio dinamico con resistencia variable (elastico) y resistencia fija (polea). Han participado voluntariamente diez varones entrenados. Se llevo a cabo dos contracciones voluntarias maximas (CVIM) de flexion de codo, cada cual de cinco segundos de duracion y dos minutos de intervalo entre las mismas. Despues los voluntarios hicieron la flexion unilateral del codo hasta sentirse cansados, y emplearon la resistencia fija y elastica con ritmo prestablecido de dos segundos para cada fase del movimiento. Se llevo a cabo la resistencia constante en la polea a 30% de la CVIM. Relativo a la resistencia elastica, el control de carga se basaba en una percepcion subjetiva del esfuerzo empleado por el participante. El orden del ejercicio fue aleatorio, y se registro la senal electromiografica del musculo biceps durante las contracciones. Desde la senal electromiografica relativa a cada ejecucion del movimiento se dibujo rectas de regresion lineal para las variables RMS y la frecuencia de potencia media (FPM). Se confirmo las inclinaciones de rectas normalizadas por el coeficiente lineal de las ecuaciones de regresion a traves de la prueba t pareada. No se observaron diferencias significantes entre los tipos de resistencia (elastica y polea). Los estandares electromiograficas de fatiga durante la practica de ejercicios de flexion de codo empleando resistencia elastica y polea no fueron distintos. La percepcion del esfuerzo durante la practica de ejercicio con elastico no trae consecuencias al estandar de senal electromiografico (RMS y FPM).

Estándares electromiográficos en ejercicios extenuantes empleando distintos tipos de resistencia

En esta investigacion se pretendio estudiar los estandares electromiograficos de fatiga muscular durante la realizacion de ejercicio dinamico con resistencia variable (elastico) y resistencia fija (polea). Han participado voluntariamente diez varones entrenados. Se llevo a cabo dos contracciones voluntarias maximas (CVIM) de flexion de codo, cada cual de cinco segundos de duracion y dos minutos de intervalo entre las mismas. Despues los voluntarios hicieron la flexion unilateral del codo hasta sentirse cansados, y emplearon la resistencia fija y elastica con ritmo prestablecido de dos segundos para cada fase del movimiento. Se llevo a cabo la resistencia constante en la polea a 30% de la CVIM. Relativo a la resistencia elastica, el control de carga se basaba en una percepcion subjetiva del esfuerzo empleado por el participante. El orden del ejercicio fue aleatorio, y se registro la senal electromiografica del musculo biceps durante las contracciones. Desde la senal electromiografica relativa a cada ejecucion del movimiento se dibujo rectas de regresion lineal para las variables RMS y la frecuencia de potencia media (FPM). Se confirmo las inclinaciones de rectas normalizadas por el coeficiente lineal de las ecuaciones de regresion a traves de la prueba t pareada. No se observaron diferencias significantes entre los tipos de resistencia (elastica y polea). Los estandares electromiograficas de fatiga durante la practica de ejercicios de flexion de codo empleando resistencia elastica y polea no fueron distintos. La percepcion del esfuerzo durante la practica de ejercicio con elastico no trae consecuencias al estandar de senal electromiografico (RMS y FPM).

Electromyographic parameters in fatiguing exercises performed with different types of resistance

En esta investigacion se pretendio estudiar los estandares electromiograficos de fatiga muscular durante la realizacion de ejercicio dinamico con resistencia variable (elastico) y resistencia fija (polea). Han participado voluntariamente diez varones entrenados. Se llevo a cabo dos contracciones voluntarias maximas (CVIM) de flexion de codo, cada cual de cinco segundos de duracion y dos minutos de intervalo entre las mismas. Despues los voluntarios hicieron la flexion unilateral del codo hasta sentirse cansados, y emplearon la resistencia fija y elastica con ritmo prestablecido de dos segundos para cada fase del movimiento. Se llevo a cabo la resistencia constante en la polea a 30% de la CVIM. Relativo a la resistencia elastica, el control de carga se basaba en una percepcion subjetiva del esfuerzo empleado por el participante. El orden del ejercicio fue aleatorio, y se registro la senal electromiografica del musculo biceps durante las contracciones. Desde la senal electromiografica relativa a cada ejecucion del movimiento se dibujo rectas de regresion lineal para las variables RMS y la frecuencia de potencia media (FPM). Se confirmo las inclinaciones de rectas normalizadas por el coeficiente lineal de las ecuaciones de regresion a traves de la prueba t pareada. No se observaron diferencias significantes entre los tipos de resistencia (elastica y polea). Los estandares electromiograficas de fatiga durante la practica de ejercicios de flexion de codo empleando resistencia elastica y polea no fueron distintos. La percepcion del esfuerzo durante la practica de ejercicio con elastico no trae consecuencias al estandar de senal electromiografico (RMS y FPM).