Valentina Zubkova

The formation of mesophase composites under influence of the coal-tar pitch during coal carbonization

The influence of coal tar pitch on the formation of the mesophase composites from coal and pitch blends, the development of porous structure during carbonization, and the texture of matter in the pore walls has been studied using X-rays and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). The influence of the coal-tar pitch on the structure of a coal plastic layer formed during the pyrolysis process of four Polish coals has been monitored. It was determined that, during pyrolysis of three mixtures of Z, S and K coals with coal-tar pitch, more porous composites are formed, and a denser composite is formed from P coal–pitch mixture. Based on a study of the texture of composites and carbonizates, it is suggested that during carbonization of coal Z with a coal-pitch in the plastic state there is a nematic mesophase formed, and when heating P coal–pitch mixtures, a cholesteric one is formed.

Chromatographic analysis of chemical compositions of coals and changes in them during technological processing

ABSTRACT This review is focused on the use of chromatography in research connected with the characteristics of chemical compounds in organic coal substance, the evaluation of the parameters that determine coal rank along with the progenitors of their basic petrographic components. The authors discussed the opinions, according to which, in comparison to traditional techniques, the chromatographic techniques allow one both to determine the degree of coal maturity and to characterize the basic changes in their organic substance under the influence of various factors, temperature among others, in a more thorough manner. The authors took into account the identification of selected compounds and their role in the processes of both coalification and chemical processing.