Valéria Mayaly Alves de Oliveira

Reliability and validity of the Brazilian version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index in adolescents

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the reliability and validity of the Brazilian version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. METHODS 309 adolescents, subdivided into a sample of 209 subjects, of whom 25 were reassessed, and another sample of 100 adolescents. Reliability was assessed using Cronbachs α-values, intraclass correlation coefficient, Standard Error of Measure, Minimum Detectable Change, and Bland-Altman plotting. Exploratory analysis of the questionnaire components was performed based on the sample of 209 adolescents. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed with a sample of 100 individuals. RESULTS The sample of 209 participants had a mean age of 14.38 (±1.94) years, comprising 80 (38.3%) girls and 129 (61.7%) boys. The sample of 100 adolescents had a mean age of 13.66 (±2.35) years, comprising 51 (51%) girls and 49 (49%) boys. The questionnaire obtained a Standard Error of Measure=1.12 and Minimum Detectable Change=3.10. Cronbachs α was 0.71 and the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient was 0.65 (95% CI: 0.21-0.85). The factor analysis showed that the best model of components was the one that consisted of two factors, excluding the component on the use of sleep medications. CONCLUSION The questionnaire showed high internal consistency and moderate reliability. Furthermore, a model with two factors seems to be the most appropriate to evaluate the quality of sleep in adolescents.

Shoulder pain in adolescent athletes: prevalence, associated factors and its influence on upper limb function

Highlights • The occurrence of shoulder pain in young people is high and is associated with older adolescents.• Handball and judo increase the prevalence of shoulder pain, when compared with other sports.• Adolescents with shoulder pain had lower joint function and mobility.

Prevalência de cefaleia em adolescentes e associação com uso de computador e jogos eletrônicos

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of headache in adolescents and its association with excessive use of electronic devices and games. The sample comprised 954 adolescents of both sexes (14 to 19 years) who answered a questionnaire about use of computers and electronic games, presence of headache and physical activity. The binary and multinomial logistic regression, with significance level of 5% was used for inferential analysis. The prevalence of headache was 80.6%. The excessive use of electronics devices proved to be a risk factor (OR = 1.21) for headache. Subjects aged between 14 and 16 years were less likely to report headache (OR = 0.64). Regarding classification, 17.9% of adolescents had tension-type headache, 19.3% had migraine and 43.4% other types of headache. The adolescents aged form 14 to 16 years had lower chance (OR ≤ 0.68) to report the tension-type headache and other types of headache. The excessive use of digital equipment, electronic games and attending the third year of high school proved to be risk factors for migraine-type development (OR ≥ 1.84). There was a high prevalence of headache in adolescents and high-time use of electronic devices. We observed an association between excessive use of electronic devices and the presence of headache, and this habit is considered a risk factor, especially for the development of migraine-type.

Shoulder Muscle Activation Levels During the Push-Up Plus Exercise on Stable and Unstable Surfaces.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the acute effect of the use of stable and unstable surfaces on electromyography (EMG) activity and coactivation of the scapular and upper-limb muscles during the push-up plus (with full protraction of the scapula). Muscle activation of anterior deltoid (AD), posterior deltoid (PD), pectoralis major, biceps brachii (BB), triceps brachii (TB), upper trapezius (UT), middle trapezius (MT), lower trapezius (LT), and serratus anterior (SA) levels and coactivation index were determined by surface EMG in 20 young men during push-up plus performed on a stable and unstable condition (2 unstable devices applied to hands and feet). The paired t test and Cohen d were used for statistical analysis. The results showed that during the execution of the push-up plus on the unstable surface an increased EMG activity of the scapular stabilizing muscles (SA, MT, and LT) was observed, while AD and PD muscles showed a decrease. During exercise execution on the unstable surface there was a higher index of coactivation of the scapular muscles (SA-MT and UT-LT pairs). No significant differences were observed in TB-BB and AD-PD pairs. These results suggest that the push-up-plus exercise associated with unstable surfaces produced greater EMG activity levels and coactivation index of the scapular stabilizing muscle. On the other hand, the use of an unstable surface does not promote the same effect for the shoulder muscles.

Efeito do Kinesio Taping na dor e discinesia escapular em atletas com síndrome do impacto do ombro

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A sindrome do impacto do ombro (SIO) caracteriza-se por dor e limitacao funcional sendo frequente em praticantes de atividade fisica que envolva movimentos repetidos do membro superior acima da cabeca. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos do Kinesio Taping (KT) na dor e discinesia escapular e verificar se ha associacao entre dor e discinesia escapular em praticantes de atividade fisica com SIO. METODO: Foram avaliados 15 atletas amadores com SIO, sexo masculino, praticantes de atividade fisica. Utilizou-se o Slide Scapular Lateral Test para avaliacao da discinesia escapular e a escala visual numerica (EVN) para avaliacao da dor no repouso, durante atividades e ao esforco. Apos os testes foi feita a colocacao do KT. Todas as avaliacoes foram realizadas antes e duas semanas apos a aplicacao do KT. Para analise estatistica foram utilizados os testes de Qui-quadrado e t pareado, com significância estatistica de p < 0,05. RESULTADOS: Foram observadas diferencas significantes nos escores na EVN para dor no repouso (p = 0,03), nas atividades diarias (p = 0,001) e no esforco (p = 0,001) antes e apos o uso do KT. Tambem foi observada diferenca estatistica na discinesia escapular na reavaliacao (p = 0,001). Em relacao a associacao entre dor e discinesia nao foi verificada associacao estatisticamente significativa. CONCLUSAO: O uso do KT proporcionou melhora na discinesia escapular e nos escores de dor dos praticantes de atividade fisica com SIO, no entanto nao foi verificada associacao entre dor e discinesia.

QUALIDADE DE SONO E SUA ASSOCIAÇÃO COM SINTOMAS PSICOLÓGICOS EM ATLETAS ADOLESCENTES

ABSTRACT Objective: To verify the prevalence of poor sleep quality and its association with personal characteristics and symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress in amateur adolescent athletes. Methods: 309 adolescent athletes aged between 10 and 19 years were enrolled. Data collection included: a structured questionnaire, with personal information; the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI); and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21). Results are described in mean and standard deviation (numeric variables) and absolute and relative frequencies (categorical variables). For the inferential analysis, Student’s t-test and chi-square test were performed, in addition to Poisson regression. Prevalence ratios (PR) were calculated in a 95% confidence interval (95%CI). Results: The mean age of participants was 14.1±2.1, being 13.8±2.0 and 15.0±2.1, respectively, for those with good and poor sleep quality. Poor sleep quality was recorded in 28.2% (n=87), depression in 26.9% (n=83) and anxiety/stress in 40.1% (n=124). Poor sleep quality was associated with ages between 15 and 19 years (PR 1.24; 95%CI 1.14-1.37), overweight (PR 1.12; 95%CI 1.01-1.24) and psychological symptoms of depression (PR 1.23; 95%CI 1.08-1.40) and anxiety/stress (PR 1.16; 95%CI 1.04-1.28). Conclusions: The presence of overweight and psychological symptoms and the age over 15 years were risk factors for increasing the likelihood of poor sleep quality in adolescent athletes.

Primary headaches among adolescents and their association with excessive computer use

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The use of electronic devices as entertainment and recreation means has directly affected adolescents’ lives; however their excessive use may bring consequences. This study aimed at observing the prevalence of primary headaches and their possible association with excessive use of computers among adolescents. METHODS: Participated in the study 262 teenagers aged between 14 and 19 years, students of a public school, who have answered a questionnaire to evaluate socio-demographic variables, data on computer use, presence of headache symptoms and level of physical activity. Multiple models of binary and multinomial logistic regression were used to evaluate the association among variables. Significance level was 5%. RESULTS: Prevalence of headache was 87.8%. There has been no significant difference in the prevalence of headache between genders, but among classification types, tension headache was more prevalent among females (35.4%). Females aged between 12 and 15 years and excessive computer use had higher chances of reporting headache. Females have 15.61 times more chance of reporting tension headache. Adolescents reporting excessive computer use had 2.54 times more chance of reporting migraine. CONCLUSION: Results have shown high prevalence of primary headache among adolescents, being migraine the most prevalent type. Abusive computer use were considered risk factors for the development of headache.

Validity and Reliability of an Instrument to Assess the Posterior Scapular Displacement

Evaluate the reliability, sensitivity and specificity of the linear scapulommeter, to allow assessment of the posterior scapular displacement.

Influence of high-heeled shoes on the quadriceps electromyographic activity in women with and without patellofemoral pain syndrome during the sit-to-stand task

O objetivo do estudo foi analisar a influencia do calcado de salto alto na atividade eletromiografica (EMG) do musculo quadriceps durante a tarefa de sentar e levantar. Participaram deste estudo 10 voluntarias assintomaticas com 20,2±3,0 anos e 10 voluntarias com sindrome da dor femoropatelar (SDFP) com 21,3±3,4 anos. As voluntarias executaram a tarefa de sentar e levantar em 3 diferentes condicoes: descalcas, com tenis e com calcado de salto de 10 cm. A atividade EMG do vasto medial obliquo (VMO), vasto lateral (VL) e reto femoral (RF) foi registrada durante a execucao das tarefas por meio de eletrodos de superficie simples diferencial conectados ao eletromiografo. Para comparacao entre grupos e tarefas, foi utilizado o teste ANOVA com medidas repetidas e o post hoc do teste de Tukey (p<0,05). Os resultados demonstraram maior atividade EMG do musculo VMO, no grupo Controle, durante as tarefas de levantar e sentar utilizando o salto alto. No grupo SDFP, foi observado aumento da atividade EMG do VL na tarefa de levantar do banco e diminuicao da razao VMO:VL com o uso do salto alto. Os resultados mostraram que o uso do salto alto pode provocar um aumento da atividade do VL em relacao ao VMO em mulheres com SDFP, fato esse que pode colaborar para o mau alinhamento patelar e agravamento da SDFP. Portanto, os resultados sugerem que esse tipo de calcado deve ser evitado por mulheres com SDFP.

Influência do calçado de salto alto na atividade eletromiográfica do músculo quadríceps em mulheres com e sem síndrome da dor femoropatelar durante a tarefa de levantar e sentar

O objetivo do estudo foi analisar a influencia do calcado de salto alto na atividade eletromiografica (EMG) do musculo quadriceps durante a tarefa de sentar e levantar. Participaram deste estudo 10 voluntarias assintomaticas com 20,2±3,0 anos e 10 voluntarias com sindrome da dor femoropatelar (SDFP) com 21,3±3,4 anos. As voluntarias executaram a tarefa de sentar e levantar em 3 diferentes condicoes: descalcas, com tenis e com calcado de salto de 10 cm. A atividade EMG do vasto medial obliquo (VMO), vasto lateral (VL) e reto femoral (RF) foi registrada durante a execucao das tarefas por meio de eletrodos de superficie simples diferencial conectados ao eletromiografo. Para comparacao entre grupos e tarefas, foi utilizado o teste ANOVA com medidas repetidas e o post hoc do teste de Tukey (p<0,05). Os resultados demonstraram maior atividade EMG do musculo VMO, no grupo Controle, durante as tarefas de levantar e sentar utilizando o salto alto. No grupo SDFP, foi observado aumento da atividade EMG do VL na tarefa de levantar do banco e diminuicao da razao VMO:VL com o uso do salto alto. Os resultados mostraram que o uso do salto alto pode provocar um aumento da atividade do VL em relacao ao VMO em mulheres com SDFP, fato esse que pode colaborar para o mau alinhamento patelar e agravamento da SDFP. Portanto, os resultados sugerem que esse tipo de calcado deve ser evitado por mulheres com SDFP.