Valter Carvalho de Andrade Júnior

Características produtivas e qualitativas de ramas e raízes de batata-doce

A batata-doce e uma hortalica que se destaca pela versatilidade no uso, podendo ser empregada tanto na alimentacao humana como animal. Seu cultivo e relativamente facil e barato, o que, juntamente com sua adaptabilidade a variadas condicoes edafo-climaticas, viabiliza sua producao pelos agricultores familiares. Objetivou-se avaliar a producao de massa verde e massa seca da parte aerea para utilizacao na alimentacao animal e a produtividade e a qualidade das raizes tuberosas de clones de batata-doce para utilizacao na alimentacao humana. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados, com doze clones e quatro repeticoes. Foram avaliados clones de batata-doce pertencentes ao banco de germoplasma da UFVJM juntamente com as cultivares comerciais Brazlândia Roxa e Brazlândia Rosada, colhidos aos seis meses apos o plantio. Foram avaliadas a producao de massa verde e massa seca da parte aerea e a produtividade e qualidade das raizes tuberosas. O clone BD-45 destacou-se na producao de massa verde, producao de massa seca e nas produtividades total e comercial de raizes com valores de 19,7; 3,3; 32,9 e 29,5 t ha-1, respectivamente. A maioria dos genotipos avaliados apresentou raizes com formato proximo ao ideal para comercializacao e boa resistencia a insetos de solo com valores de notas proximos a 2,0. Foram observadas diferencas significativas entre os genotipos para os teores de amido e acucares totais e redutores. Os genotipos apresentaram composicao centesimal semelhante, exceto para o teor de cinzas. Os clones BD-67 e BD-56 apresentaram teores de cinzas mais elevados que o Cambraia, e semelhantes aos demais clones.

Selection of sweet potato clones for the region Alto Vale do Jequitinhonha

An experiment was carried out from December 2005 to July 2006, in the Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), in Diamantina, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, aiming at selecting sweet potato clones for the Alto Vale do Jequitinhonha. We evaluated nine clones from the UFVJM germplasm bank, using cultivars Brazlândia Branca, Brazlândia Roxa, and Princesa as controls. The experimental design was blocks at random, with four replications. Plants were harvested seven months after transplanting. We assessed the fresh mass yield of vines and roots, as well as root shape and resistance to soil insects. Genotypes did not differ from each other for the fresh mass yield of vines (ranging from 3.81 to 11.76 t ha-1). The total yield of roots ranged from 22.0 to 45.4 t ha-1 and clones BD-06, BD-113-TO, BD-15, BD-38, BD-25, BD-61, and cultivar Princesa had statistically the highest figures. However, only clone BD-06 significantly overcame the control cultivars Brazlândia Branca and Brazlândia Roxa. Clone BD-06 had also the highest commercial yield of roots (38.58 t ha-1), statically similar to most of the other clones and cultivar Princesa (25.87 t ha-1), but superior to cultivars Brazlândia Branca and Brazlândia Roxa. Most of the clones tested, including clone BD-06, produced good shaped roots and were resistant to soil insects. Considering our results, clone BD-06 stood out as a good option for growing sweet potato in the Upper Valley of Jequitinhonha.

Influence of harvest time and cultivation sites on the productivity and quality of sweet potato

Sweet potato is one of the most cultivated tuberous roots in tropical and subtropical regions permitting several ways of use. Despite its potential use, sweet potato has been little studied. We evaluated the performance of sweet potato roots, forage productivity and its silage at different harvesting times and cultivation environments and we identified the most superior clones under different soil and climatic conditions. Six sweet potato clones (BD-38, BD-45, BD-25, BD-31TO, BD-15 and BD-08) belonging to germplasm bank of UFVJM in addition to two standard cultivars Brazlândia Rosada and Princesa were grown in two cultivation sites (JK campus and Forquilha farm). The trial was conducted in split plots in randomized block design with three harvest times (120, 150 and 180 days after planting). The mean root weight obtained from Forquilha farm was on average 30.2% higher than those obtained from JK campus. Regardless the site, harvesting at 150 days after planting was the optimal time for maximizing root production. The irregularity of root shape increased when the harvesting date was postpone, probably due to greater exposure to environmental factors. Crude protein, fibers, ash and starch, were not affected by local x cultivar interaction except for starch content that depended on the clone and site interaction.

Seleção de genótipos de alface para cultivo protegido: divergência genética e importância de caracteres

The objectives of this study were to select lettuce genotypes with potential for cultivation in protected environments; select genetically divergent genotypes to integrate breeding programs; compare multivariate analysis to have a more precise interpretation of the results; verify the relevance of evaluated traits to genetic divergence; and determine the most important characters in the evaluation of lettuce genotypes. Fifteen genotypes were studied in a randomized block design with four replications and 15 plants per plot. The experiment was carried out in protected environments and the following traits were evaluated: plant height, head diameter; head circumference; fresh matter of heads; marketable fresh matter of heads; root fresh matter; dry matter of commercial heads; dry matter of roots and number of commercial leaves. The genotypes were classified in four groups by Tochers method. The genotypes that should preferably be used in protected environment and in breeding programs were Regina 500 and Vitoria de S. Antao, from group I; Black Seed Simpson and Livia from group II; Branca Boston from group III and Romana Balao from group IV. Although the relative contribution of the head circumference is only 0.50%, all traits were important in the study of genetic diversity. According to the genotypic correlation study, the assessment of the fresh mass characteristic of the aerial part can substitute the evaluation of commercial fresh and dry mass of the aerial part in the selection process, reducing the time and cost in a breeding program.

Avaliação de silagens de ramas de batata-doce

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo selecionar clones de batata-doce com potencial para uso na alimentacao animal. O experimento foi conduzido em blocos ao acaso, com 11 clones e quatro repeticoes. Os clones avaliados fazem parte do banco de germoplasma da Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, sendo: BD-06, BD-25, BD-15, BD-38, Cambraia, BD-31-TO, BD-67, BD-45, BD-42, BD-54 e a cultivar Brazlândia Rosada. Nas ramas coletadas do experimento foram avaliados o teor de materia seca e as produtividades de massa verde e massa seca. Nas silagens de ramas foram avaliados o pH e os teores de materia seca (MS), proteina bruta (PB), fibra em detergente neutro (FDN), fibra em detergente acido (FDA), nutrientes digestiveis totais (NDT), fosforo, calcio e sodio. Nao houve diferenca significativa para a produtividade de massa verde e de massa seca das ramas entre os clones de batata-doce. As silagens produzidas caracterizam-se como volumosos de boa qualidade, apresentando teores satisfatorios de proteina bruta (11,59%), FDN (31,98 a 39,68%), FDA (29,65 a 35,45%) e NDT (62,90 a 66,91%), comprovando o potencial de utilizacao das ramas da batata-doce na forma de silagem.

Caracterização morfológica de acessos de batata-doce do banco de germoplasma da UFVJM, Diamantina

Sweet potato accesses from the germplasm bank of the Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Minas Gerais state, Brazil were characterized. The experiment was carried out between February and November 2006, using a randomized blocks design, with 65 treatments and three replications, totaling 195 plots. The evaluation of the vegetative part was carried out three months after planting and the roots were harvested nine months after planting. Based on the dendrogram of morphologic differences we observed a great morphologic variability on the accesses. The characteristics of the vegetative part showed significant differences among the clones, by Scott Knot test at 5% probability, differently from those of the roots.

Desempenho agronômico e parâmetros genéticos em genótipos de batata-doce

O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o desempenho agronomico em genotipos de batata-doce e estimar parâmetros geneticos. O experimento foi composto por 65 variedades (clones do banco de germoplasma de batata-doce da Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri), instalado num delineamento em blocos ao acaso com tres repeticoes e 15 plantas por parcela. Foram avaliadas a produtividade de massa verde das ramas (MV), produtividade total das raizes (PT), peso medio das raizes totais (PMT), produtividade de raizes comerciais (PC), peso medio das raizes comerciais (PMC), formato das raizes (FORM) e resistencia a insetos (RI). Considerando-se os ganhos de selecao estimados para estas caracteristicas, infere-se que a selecao de clones pode levar a progressos geneticos significativos. Os caracteres PT, PMT, PC, e PMC estao positivamente correlacionados, logo, a selecao em qualquer um deles acarreta ganhos geneticos nos demais. A selecao para producao de raizes pode ser conduzida no carater PT, pois sua avaliacao e mais simples e correlaciona-se com a producao comercial, que e de maior importância. A selecao no carater MV promove aumento nas caracteristicas PMT e PMC e nao causa efeitos nas demais. Para a maioria das caracteristicas houve predominância dos efeitos ambientais sobre os geneticos. Os genotipos BD-15, BD-42 e BD-67 apresentaram melhor desempenho agronomico.

POTENCIAL PRODUTIVO DE CULTIVARES DE MORANGUEIRO

RESUMOO objetivo foi avaliar o potencial produtivo de cultivares de morangueiro em regiao representativa do Alto Jequitinhonha. O experimento foi conduzido na fazenda Mape Frutas Ltda., localizada no municipio de Datas-MG, em delineamento em blocos ao acaso, com oito cultivares de morangueiro em quatro repeticoes, para verificar a producao de mudas e de frutos. A contagem da producao de estoloes e de mudas foi realizada aos 180 dias apos o plantio. A avaliacao das variaveis relacionadas a producao de frutos foi feita duas vezes por semana, no periodo de maio a outubro de 2012. Das cultivares de dias curtos (Festival, Campinas, Toyonoka, Dover, Oso Grande e Camarosa) e dias neutros (Diamante e Aromas), apenas Toyonoka foi a que apresentou menor desempenho para as variaveis. A significativa superioridade das cultivares Camarosa e Festival, para praticamente todas as variaveis avaliadas, permite recomenda-las para regioes com caracteristicas edafoclimaticas semelhantes as da regiao onde o experimento foi conduzido. Dentre as cultivares avaliadas, as mais precoces tenderam a apresentar maior desempenho para variaveis relacionadas a producao de frutos.

Divergência genética e importância de caracteres morfológicos em genótipos de couve

The morphological characterization of genotypes of kale is needed as well as the estimates of genetic divergence between them. We studied the morphological characters of kale genotypes originated from the germplasm bank of UFVJM, the genetic divergence among the genotypes and the importance of these characters in the estimates of divergence. The experiment was carried out in the Department of Horticulture of UFVJM, Diamantina, Minas Gerais state, Brazil, using the randomized complete block design with four replications and thirty genotypes, consisting of five plants. Forty-four traits were evaluated on each plant for morphological evaluations. Some genotypes showed high genetic divergence, such as the genotypes UFLA-6 and 24-UFVJM, which were the most divergent compared to the others. Most of the genotypes, however, were similar to each other. It was also observed that there are important characteristics that can be used in the estimation of divergence.

Estudo da repetibilidade genética em clones de couve

During the growing season of cabbage, several harvests may be carried out. Thus, establishing the minimum number of measurements for a reliable selection of superior genotypes is necessary. This research aimed to estimate the minimum number of measurements for selecting cabbage clones with greater efficiency and reliability through the repeatability study. The experiment was carried out at Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri using randomized block design with 27 genotypes of cabbage, four replications and five individuals per plot. During 10 weeks we evaluated weekly the following parameters: plant height, stem diameter, length and width of the leaf blade, number of marketable leaves, number of total leaves and number of shoots. We used analysis of variance methods, principal components analysis and structural analysis in study of repeatability. The characteristics studied showed high values for estimating the coefficient of repeatability. Only three harvests are sufficient to permit reliable selection of the best genotypes for all traits.