Vanderlei Salvador Bagnato

Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy mediated by Photodithazine® in the treatment of denture stomatitis: A case report

Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (aPDT) mediated by Photodithazine® (PDZ) has shown efficacy in the inactivation of Candida spp. in in vitro and in vivo studies. This preliminary study reports five clinical cases of patients with denture stomatitis (DS) treated with PDZ-mediated aPDT. Five individuals diagnosed with DS were selected and submitted to aPDT 3 times a week for 15u202fdays (6 sessions). In each session, 200u202fmg/L of PDZ gel was applied on the upper prostheses and on the palate of the patients for 20u202fmin, then, illuminated by a light emitting diode at 660u202fnm (50u202fJ/cm2). Microbiological samples from prostheses and palates were also performed and cultured on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar and Blood Agar. The values u200bu200bof colony forming units per milliliter (CFU/mL) were determined. Standardized photographs of the palates were taken prior the treatment (initial), at the end (final) and until 45u202fdays after the completion of treatments. The results demonstrated that the aPDT treatment reduced Candida spp. and the total microbiota viability u200bu200bat the end of the treatment. For most patients, the CFU/mL values obtained in the last microbiological collection (day 45) were lower than those found before the treatment (initial). Three patients presented clinical resolution of DS (no DS signal) after aPDT treatment. One individual demonstrated reduction in palatal inflammation and another one did not show improvement in the oral lesion. Recurrence of DS was observed in all individuals in the follow-up period. PDZ-mediated aPDT may be a promising treatment for DS.

Ultrasound plus low-level laser therapy for knee osteoarthritis rehabilitation: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial

This study evaluated the synergistic effects of ultrasound (US) and low-level laser therapy (LLLT) with or without therapeutic exercises (TE) in women with knee osteoarthritis. Forty-two Caucasian women with knee osteoarthritis were allocated into three groups: (1) the placebo group who did not perform TE, but the prototype without emitting light or ultrasonic waves was applied, (2) the USu2009+u2009LLLT group in which only the prototype was applied and (3) the TEu2009+u2009USu2009+u2009LLLT group that performed TE before the prototype was applied. However, 35 women completed the full clinical trial. Pressure pain thresholds (PPT) using an algometer and functional performance during the sit-to-stand test were carried out. The average PPT levels increased for USu2009+u2009LLLT (41u2009±u20099 to 54u2009±u200915xa0N, pu2009<u20090.01) and TEu2009+u2009USu2009+u2009LLLT (32u2009±u20098 to 45u2009±u20099xa0N, pu2009<u20090.01) groups. The number of sit-to-stands was significantly higher for all groups. However, the change between pre-treatment and post-treatment (delta value) was greater for the USu2009+u2009LLLT (4u2009±u20091) and TEu2009+u2009USu2009+u2009LLLT groups (5u2009±u20091) than for the placebo group (2u2009±u20091) with a significant intergroup difference (pu2009<u20090.05). This study showed reduced pain and increased physical functionality after 3xa0months of USu2009+u2009LLLT with and without TE.

The effects of exercise training associated with low-level laser therapy on biomarkers of adipose tissue transdifferentiation in obese women

Investigations suggest the benefits of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) to improve noninvasive body contouring treatments, inflammation, insulin resistance and to reduce body fat. However, the mechanism for such potential effects in association with exercise training (ET) and possible implications in browning adiposity processes remains unclear. Forty-nine obese women were involved, aged between 20 and 40xa0years with a body mass index (BMI) of 30–40xa0kg/m2. The volunteers were divided into Phototherapy (808xa0nm) and SHAM groups. Interventions consisted of exercise training and phototherapy applications post exercise for 4xa0months, with three sessions/week. Body composition, lipid profile, insulin resistance, atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), WNT5 signaling, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF-21) were measured. Improvements in body mass, BMI, body fat mass, lean mass, visceral fat, waist circumference, insulin, HOMA-IR, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, and ANP in both groups were demonstrated. Only the Phototherapy group showed a reduction in interleukin-6 and an increase in WNT5 signaling. In addition, it was possible to observe a higher magnitude change for the fat mass, insulin, HOMA-IR, and FGF-21 variables in the Phototherapy group. In the present investigation, it was demonstrated that exercise training associated with LLLT promotes an improvement in body composition and inflammatory processes as previously demonstrated. The Phototherapy group especially presented positive modifications of WNT5 signaling, FGF-21, and ANP, possible biomarkers associated with browning adiposity processes. This suggests that this kind of intervention promotes results applicable in clinical practice to control obesity and related comorbidities.

Photostimulation effects on chicken egg development: Perspectives on human newborn treatment

It is well known that, under exposure to bright light, eggs tend to hatch earlier than control, without any damage to the birds. This report aims to systematically show the effect and establishes a proposal for a possible application to accelerate chicken egg formation, which could be extrapolated or adapted as a great advance in premature human newborns. Comparing several protocols, the experiments show that lower doses of light slowly delivered for 24u2009h promote higher efficiency in embryo development, increasing on average 25% of its size and more than 70% in weight when compared to the control. This weight difference shows promising results compared to rates of up to 17% found in the literature. These results can be a first step to reduce the stay of premature human infants in hospitals because light, when applied in very low doses, can accelerate the natural biological processes without risks.

Photonic technology for the treatments of the venous and arterial ulcers: Case report

In this report, we report a case study on a 50-year-old male patient with different chronic wounds, such as venous ulcer and arterial ulcer in both legs. These wounds have persisted for more than 10 years, despite the different treatments applied, including, different dressings, hyperbaric camera, as well as the used of several medicines of oral and topical application. The case is addressed with the aim to evaluate if treatment that uses combined techniques such as low level laser therapy (LLLT), photodynamic therapy and cellulose membrane is able to improve healing and reduction of time of treatment in those types of chronic wounds. The results show the clinical protocol is effective for the healing of arterial and venous ulcers and can be considered as a promising possibility.

Optical techniques for the diagnosis and treatment of lesions induced by the human papillomavirus — A resource letter

Human papillomaviruses (HPV) are the most common sexually-transmitted virus, and carcinogenic HPV strains are reported to be responsible for virtually all cases of cervical cancer and its precursor, the cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). About 30% of the sexually active population are considered to be affected by HPV. Around 600 million people are estimated to be infected worldwide. Diseases related to HPV cause significant impact from both the personal welfare point of view and public healthcare perspective. This resource letter collects relevant information regarding HPV-induced lesions and discusses both diagnosis and treatment, with particular attention to optical techniques and the challenges involved to the implementation of those approaches.

Light-emitting diode therapy (photobiomodulation) effects on oxygen uptake and cardiac output dynamics during moderate exercise transitions: a randomized, crossover, double-blind, and placebo-controlled study

Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) might have a beneficial impact on cytochrome-c oxidase enzyme activity. Thus, it was hypothesized that photobiomodulation by light-emitting diode therapy (LEDT) could influence aerobic metabolism dynamics. Possible LEDT-mediated aerobic improvements were investigated mainly by a precise characterization of the pulmonary O2 uptake dynamics during moderate exercise transitions. Eight healthy young adults were enrolled in this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study. A multi-diode array of LEDs was used for muscular pre-conditioning 30xa0min and 6xa0h before exercise testing. Pulmonary O2 uptake, carbon dioxide output, cardiac output, heart rate, stroke volume, and total arteriovenous oxygen difference dynamics were evaluated by frequency domain analysis. Comparisons revealed no statistical (pu2009>u20090.05) differences between LEDT and placebo, suggesting no significant changes in aerobic system dynamics. These results challenge earlier publications that reported changes in pulmonary O2 uptake during incremental exercise until exhaustion after LEDT. Perhaps, increments in peak pulmonary O2 uptake after LEDT may be a consequence of higher exercise tolerance caused by non-aerobic-related factors as opposed to an improved aerobic response.

A threshold dose distribution approach for the study of PDT resistance development: A threshold distribution approach for the study of PDT resistance

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a technique with well-established principles that often demands repeated applications for sequential elimination of tumor cells. An important question concerns the way surviving cells from a treatment behave in the subsequent one. Threshold dose is a core concept in PDT dosimetry, as the minimum amount of energy to be delivered for cell destruction via PDT. Concepts of threshold distribution have shown to be an important tool for PDT results analysis in vitro. In this study, we used some of these concepts for demonstrating subsequent treatments with partial elimination of cells modify the distribution, which represents an increased resistance of the cells to the photodynamic action. HepG2 and HepaRG were used as models of tumor and normal liver cells and a protocol to induce resistance, consisted of repeated PDT sessions using Photogem® as a photosensitizer, was applied to the tumor ones. The response of these cells to PDT was assessed using a standard viability assay and the dose response curves were used for deriving the threshold distributions. The changes in the distribution revealed that the resistance protocol effectively eliminated the most sensitive cells. Nevertheless, HepaRG cell line was the most resistant one among the cells analyzed, which indicates a specificity in clinical applications that enables the use of high doses and drug concentrations with minimal damage to the surrounding normal tissue.

Fibromyalgia Treatment: A New and Efficient Proposal of Technology and Methodological - A Case Report

Fibromyalgia is a chronic disease with a higher prevalence in women, associated with functional disability and chronic pain. The most common treatments include medicines, physical exercise, nutritional reeducation, and psychological help. Physiotherapy commonly uses resources like therapeutic ultrasound and laser therapy. These therapies demonstrate great potential to decrease pain and the functional capacity of fibromyalgia patients. Fibromyalgia brings to the patient a characteristic of the excessive existence of sensory innervations in the palms of the hands. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of a conjugated therapy between ultrasound and laser therapy, in a symptomatic patient of fibromyalgia, considering as region of application of therapy the palms of the hands. The present study used a prototype of equipment developed to perform the combined application of ultrasound and laser therapy. A caucasian woman, 61 years old, with diagnostis of fibromyalgia, with pain complaints and decrease of functional capacity was submitted to 10 sessions, 2 times per week, with application on palms of the hands, 3 minutes in each hand. After treatment, it was observed a reduction of 8.900% in pain (Visual analogue Scale) and an increase of 335% (Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire), enabling the patient to return to daily activities. This form, a case study shows the efficacy in a new proposal of technology and methodology using equipment that enables the field overlap, as well as the application on palms of the hands, bringing to the patient, once again, the quality of life.

Could Hands be a New Treatment to Fibromyalgia? A Pilot Study

Fibromyalgia is a chronic disease characterized by high-intensity pains with non-articular bases, affecting women and reaching between 3% and 10% of the world population. Fibromyalgia significantly affects the quality of life of patients, and is currently treated with anti-inflammatory drugs and analgesics that ease pain crises in general. Physiologically, it is known that patients with fibromyalgia have a greater amount, in the hands, of neuroreceptors close to the blood vessels when compared to healthy patients. As a search for a non-invasive and non-drug strategy to treat fibromyalgia and based on the knowledge of the anti-inflammatory and analgesic action of ultrasound and laser as forms of treatment in physiotherapy, we sought to evaluate in this study the response of patients with diagnosis (a prototype that associates both techniques simultaneously), using two treatment fronts: the application of the methods in tender point located in the trapezius muscle, or application of the methods in the palms of the hands of patients. The evaluation was based on the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ) and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) protocols. The results showed that the treatment in the palms of the hands was more effective for the three techniques used, with a significant improvement by the VAS evaluation in the ultralaser treatment. In addition, for both FIQ and VAS, the patients response to hand treatment was better and greater in all therapeutic methods applied. Thus, this pilot study allowed to compare the responses to treatments for fibromyalgia using conventional methods and ultralaser treatment, both at the tender point and when applied to the palms of the hands, showing a new therapeutic option to improve the quality of life of patients. The use of laser and ultrasound has a fundamental role in analgesic and anti-inflammatory action in physiotherapeutic treatments.