Vanessa Backes

Neighborhood sociodemographic and environmental contexts and self-rated health among Brazilian adults: a multilevel study

The aim of this study was to investigate the association between sociodemographic and environmental contexts on self-rated health. A population-based cross-sectional study with a random sample of 38 neighborhoods (census tracts) and 1,100 adults was carried out. Data analysis used multilevel logistic regression. Data from the Brazilian Census of 2000, mean income, years of study of the head of household and mean number of residents per tract were R

Prevalência de capacidade mastigatória insatisfatória e fatores associados em idosos brasileiros

955 (SD = 586), 8 years (SD = 3), and 746 residents (SD = 358) respectively. Higher prevalences of fair/poor self-rated health were found in neighborhoods with greater populations and lower income/schooling levels. After control for individual variables, the odds for fair/poor self-rated health was twice as high in more populous (OR = 2.04; 95%CI: 1.15-3.61) and lower-income neighborhoods (OR = 2.29; 95%CI: 1.16-4.50) compared to less populous, higher-income ones. Self-rated health depends on individual characteristics and the sociodemographic context of neighborhoods.

Associação entre aspectos psicossociais e excesso de peso referido em adultos de um município de médio porte do Sul do Brasil

We estimated the prevalence of poor self-rated mastication and associated factors among Brazilian elders. The study used data from a national survey of 5,124 Brazilian elderly in 250 cities. Data collection included dental examinations and household interviews with the elderly. The outcome was self-rated mastication. Data analyses used Poisson regression, and the prevalence of poor self-rated mastication was 49.7% (95%CI: 47.5-51.8). Adjusted analyses showed that increased prevalence was associated with: black color/race (PR = 1.13; 95%CI: 1.02-1.26); low income (PR = 1.22; 95%CI: 1.12-1.33.); high rates of tooth loss (PR = 1.66; 95%CI: 1.02-2.66); untreated caries (PR = 1.16; 95%CI: 1.08-1.25); never having visited a dentist (PR = 1.26; 95%CI: 1.10-1.44); toothache (PR = 1.47; 95%CI: 1.39-1.57); use of partial (PR = 0.87; 95%CI: 0.76-0.99) or total prostheses (PR = 0.81; 95%CI: 0.75-0.88); and need for partial (PR = 1.13; 95%CI: 1.03-1.25) or total prostheses (PR = 1.27; 95%CI: 1.16-1.39). The high prevalence emphasizes the dental care needs of this older group. Policies to deal with the problem should take the associated factors into account.

Insegurança alimentar e consumo alimentar inadequado em escolares da rede municipal de São Leopoldo, RS, Brasil

The objective of this study was to investigate the association between psychosocial factors and self-reported overweight. A cross-sectional study was carried out with 1,100 adults in a Brazilian city. Structured interviews were conducted using a standard pre-tested questionnaire. Overweight was self-reported by participants and defined as body mass index (BMI) > 25kg/m². Psychosocial factors were quality of life (WHO-8: EUROHIS) and social support (Medical Outcomes Study). Crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (PR) were obtained by modified Poisson regression. After controlling for socio-demographic and behavioral variables, prevalence of overweight among individuals reporting low quality of life and low social support was 19% (PR = 1.19; 95%CI: 1.03-1.38) and 12% (PR = 1.12; 95%CI: 0.96-1.31), respectively, and was higher in those reporting high/moderate quality of life and high/moderate social support, respectively. The findings suggest that psychosocial factors can play a role in self-assessment of overweight.

Experimentação da Intersetorialidade na Nutrição: potencialidades de Novas Tecituras Vivenciais no Fazer Profissional

This research involves a school-based cross sectional study to evaluate the association between food insecurity (FI) and inadequate food intake (IFI), among 782 children (mean age of 6.9±0.5) of the 1st year of primary school in the municipal schools of Sao Leopoldo in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Data were gathered from mothers or guardians. FI was obtained through the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale, and food consumption using the food frequency questionnaire. Foods were classified as healthy eating markers (HEM) and unhealthy (UEM) and received scores according to intake frequency. HEM: 0 - 1 day - zero; 2 to 3 days - 0.25; 4 to 5 days - 0.75; 6 to 7 days - 1, and the reverse for the UEM. The scores could range from 0 to 25 (HEMS) and 0 to 19 (UEMS). A standardized total score (TS) was obtained [HEMS * (19/44) + UEMS * (25/44)] and could range from 0 to 22. The scores were categorized into terciles and the 1st considered IFI. The FI was 45.1% and the average scores were 5.9 (HEMS), 15.9 (UEMS) and 11.6 (TS). No association was found between IA and IFI. High IA and low food scores require intersectoral approaches to ensure access to food in quantity and quality appropriate for this population.

[Food insecurity and overweight in first grade students in the municipal school system in São Leopoldo, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil].

Introduction: public health requires a praxis from nutritional science that transposes the traditional biological model of producing health. There are challenges in bringing together the social, economic and cultural contexts of people in the life producing processes. In this sense, the contribution of nutrition to improving the health of the people should be collaborative. Thus, Food and Nutrition Education strategically qualifies the Security of Food and Nutrition. Objectives: describe the experiences of nutrition scholars when carrying out Food and Nutritional Education (FNE) actions for adults, pregnant women and the elderly in a socially vulnerable community. Methods: the diagnosis and recognition of the territory was postulated, followed by the preparation of an action plan, which was executed regularly in services linked to the departments of Education, Health and Social Welfare. The final steps were monitoring and subsequent evaluation. Discussion: implementing care through interactive and multidisciplinary education in which users and professionals work together to educate and promote health, having experienced the role of nutrition in collective health. Conclusion: there is great potential in establishing collaborative bridges. Social vulnerability proved to be relative, and empowerment among participants was observed. We strengthened the importance of preventive actions in Food and Nutrition Education. Adding to popular knowledge also becomes relevant.

Inseguridad alimentaria y sobrepeso en niños matriculados en el primer año de la enseñanza primaria en las escuelas municipales de la ciudad de São Leopoldo, Río Grande do Sul, Brasil

This cross-sectional school-based study in São Leopoldo, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, evaluated the association between food insecurity and overweight in first grade students in the municipal elementary school system. A total of 2,369 students were invited to participate, of whom 847 were examined, and of these, 782 had data available on weight and height. Dietary data were obtained from a parent or guardian. Food insecurity was measured by the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale (EBIA). Data on weight and height were provided by the Nutrition Service of the Municipal Department of Education. Prevalence rates for overweight and food insecurity were 38.1% and 45.1%, respectively. After controlling for potential confounders, children with food insecurity had 22% lower odds of overweight. Notwithstanding the inverse association between the exposure and outcome, this sample showed high rates of food insecurity and overweight, revealing a complex relationship and indicating that further research is needed to understand it. Robust public policies are critical for addressing these conditions.Estudo transversal, de base escolar, realizado em Sao Leopoldo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, com o objetivo de avaliar a associacao entre inseguranca alimentar e excesso de peso em escolares do 1o ano do Ensino Fundamental das escolas municipais. Dois mil, trezentos e sessenta e nove escolares foram convidados a participar, 847 foram investigados e destes, 782 tinham dados de peso e altura. Os dados foram obtidos com as maes/responsaveis. Inseguranca alimentar foi medida com a Escala Brasileira de Inseguranca Alimentar (EBIA). Peso e altura foram obtidos com o Servico de Nutricao da Secretaria Municipal de Educacao. As prevalencias de excesso de peso e inseguranca alimentar foram, respectivamente, 38,1% e 45,1%. Apos ajuste para fatores de confusao, escolares com inseguranca alimentar apresentaram probabilidade 22% menor de ter excesso de peso quando comparados com aqueles sem inseguranca alimentar. Este estudo identificou elevadas prevalencias de inseguranca alimentar e excesso de peso, com associacao inversa entre estas variaveis. Por um lado, esses resultados revelam a complexidade dessa relacao, o que exige mais estudos para compreende-la, e, por outro, mostra a necessidade de politicas publicas robustas para enfrentar essas condicoes.

Insegurança alimentar e excesso de peso em escolares do primeiro ano do Ensino Fundamental da rede municipal de São Leopoldo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

This cross-sectional school-based study in São Leopoldo, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, evaluated the association between food insecurity and overweight in first grade students in the municipal elementary school system. A total of 2,369 students were invited to participate, of whom 847 were examined, and of these, 782 had data available on weight and height. Dietary data were obtained from a parent or guardian. Food insecurity was measured by the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale (EBIA). Data on weight and height were provided by the Nutrition Service of the Municipal Department of Education. Prevalence rates for overweight and food insecurity were 38.1% and 45.1%, respectively. After controlling for potential confounders, children with food insecurity had 22% lower odds of overweight. Notwithstanding the inverse association between the exposure and outcome, this sample showed high rates of food insecurity and overweight, revealing a complex relationship and indicating that further research is needed to understand it. Robust public policies are critical for addressing these conditions.Estudo transversal, de base escolar, realizado em Sao Leopoldo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, com o objetivo de avaliar a associacao entre inseguranca alimentar e excesso de peso em escolares do 1o ano do Ensino Fundamental das escolas municipais. Dois mil, trezentos e sessenta e nove escolares foram convidados a participar, 847 foram investigados e destes, 782 tinham dados de peso e altura. Os dados foram obtidos com as maes/responsaveis. Inseguranca alimentar foi medida com a Escala Brasileira de Inseguranca Alimentar (EBIA). Peso e altura foram obtidos com o Servico de Nutricao da Secretaria Municipal de Educacao. As prevalencias de excesso de peso e inseguranca alimentar foram, respectivamente, 38,1% e 45,1%. Apos ajuste para fatores de confusao, escolares com inseguranca alimentar apresentaram probabilidade 22% menor de ter excesso de peso quando comparados com aqueles sem inseguranca alimentar. Este estudo identificou elevadas prevalencias de inseguranca alimentar e excesso de peso, com associacao inversa entre estas variaveis. Por um lado, esses resultados revelam a complexidade dessa relacao, o que exige mais estudos para compreende-la, e, por outro, mostra a necessidade de politicas publicas robustas para enfrentar essas condicoes.

Reflexões legais e éticas sobre o final da vida: uma discussão sobre a ortotanásia

This cross-sectional school-based study in São Leopoldo, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, evaluated the association between food insecurity and overweight in first grade students in the municipal elementary school system. A total of 2,369 students were invited to participate, of whom 847 were examined, and of these, 782 had data available on weight and height. Dietary data were obtained from a parent or guardian. Food insecurity was measured by the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale (EBIA). Data on weight and height were provided by the Nutrition Service of the Municipal Department of Education. Prevalence rates for overweight and food insecurity were 38.1% and 45.1%, respectively. After controlling for potential confounders, children with food insecurity had 22% lower odds of overweight. Notwithstanding the inverse association between the exposure and outcome, this sample showed high rates of food insecurity and overweight, revealing a complex relationship and indicating that further research is needed to understand it. Robust public policies are critical for addressing these conditions.Estudo transversal, de base escolar, realizado em Sao Leopoldo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, com o objetivo de avaliar a associacao entre inseguranca alimentar e excesso de peso em escolares do 1o ano do Ensino Fundamental das escolas municipais. Dois mil, trezentos e sessenta e nove escolares foram convidados a participar, 847 foram investigados e destes, 782 tinham dados de peso e altura. Os dados foram obtidos com as maes/responsaveis. Inseguranca alimentar foi medida com a Escala Brasileira de Inseguranca Alimentar (EBIA). Peso e altura foram obtidos com o Servico de Nutricao da Secretaria Municipal de Educacao. As prevalencias de excesso de peso e inseguranca alimentar foram, respectivamente, 38,1% e 45,1%. Apos ajuste para fatores de confusao, escolares com inseguranca alimentar apresentaram probabilidade 22% menor de ter excesso de peso quando comparados com aqueles sem inseguranca alimentar. Este estudo identificou elevadas prevalencias de inseguranca alimentar e excesso de peso, com associacao inversa entre estas variaveis. Por um lado, esses resultados revelam a complexidade dessa relacao, o que exige mais estudos para compreende-la, e, por outro, mostra a necessidade de politicas publicas robustas para enfrentar essas condicoes.