Veronika Urbanova

Sol-gel Approaches for Elaboration of Polyol Dehydrogenase-Based Bioelectrodes

Abstract This review describes the input of sol-gel chemistry to the immobilization of polyol dehydrogenases on electrodes, for applications in bioelectrocatalysis. The polyol dehydrogenases are described and their application for biosensing, biofuel cell and electrosynthesis are briefly discussed. The immobilization of proteins via sol-gel approaches is described, including a discussion on the difficulty to maintain the activity of proteins in a silica matrix and the strategies developed to offer a proper environment to the proteins by developing optimal organic-inorganic hybrid materials. Finally, the co-immobilization of the NAD+ co-factor and of mediators for the elaboration of reagentless devices is presented, based on published and original data. All-in-all, sol-gel approaches appear to be a very promising for development of original electrochemical applications involving dehydrogenases in near future.

Electrode Materials (Bulk Materials and Modification)

Electrochemical sensors have a long history and they found an important place in analytical chemistry and environmental monitoring thanks to the attractive properties and huge developments in electrode materials. In this chapter the electrode materials used for environmental sensing purposes are presented in the form of two successive parts dealing, respectively, with unmodified and chemically and biologically modified electrodes.