Veselinka Zecevic

Effect of nitrogen fertilization on winter wheat quality

A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of nitrogen fertilizer applications on some quality components of wheat. For winter wheat genotypes (Ana Morava, Vizija, L-3027 and Perla) were grown at Small Grains Research Centre Kragujevac in three years (2005–2007) at three levels of nitrogen fertilization (N 1 = 60 kg N ha −1 , N 2 = 90 kg N ha −1 and N 3 = 120 kg N ha −1 ). Zeleny sedimentation value and wet gluten content in divergent wheat genotypes were analyzed in depending on the nitrogen nutrition and years. Nitrogen fertilization significantly increased sedimentation value and wet gluten content. The highest increasing of both traits established in N 3 variant when applied 120 kg ha −1 of nitrogen. Genotypes reacted differently to N level increasing. Cultivar Perla had the highest value of sedimentation and wet gluten content and this cultivar the best reacted to increasing N levels. Statistically significant differences for sedimentation value and wet gluten content were found among...

ALLELIC COMPOSITION OF HMW-GLUTENIN PROTEIN AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH QUALITY OF WHEAT

High molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) proteins deposited in endosperm of wheat seed which have significant impact on bread quality. The HMW-GS encoded by genes located at the long arm of chromosomes 1A, 1B, 1D. The aim of this work was study allele polymorphysms at Glu-A1, Glu-B1 and GluD1 locus and loaf volume, grain protein content, sedimentation volume of eight wheat genotypes (G-3130, G-35183, G-3501, G3512, G-3574, G-3027, G-3075, G3097) harvested in two years with various weather condition. For each genotypes, flour used for extraction of glutenin which separated by method of electrophoresis on SDS gel (11.8%). Electrophoregrams used for determining Glu-1 alleles. Technological quality parameters analyzed by standard laboratory methods. The three alleles alleles (a, b, c) at the Glu-A1, three alleles (b, c, d) at the Glu-B1 and 2 alleles (a, d) at the Glu-D1 were identified. The highest protein sedimentation volume had wheat genotype G-3075 in the both years (54.0ml; 58.0ml) while the lowest sedimentation volume had G-3512 (34.0ml; 36.0ml). Grain protein content (GPC) was the highest in G-3075 in both years (14.20%; 15.40%) while the lowest GPC had G-3097 (11.60%) in first and G-3512 (12.60%) in the second year. Loaf volume was the highest in G-3075 in both year (520ml; 540ml) while the lowest was in G-3512 (400ml) in both years of experiment. The estimated quality traits varied depending on genotype and year. The better quality, in average, had the wheat genotypes which carried Glu-D1d allele.

VARIABILITY OF NUMBER OF KERNELS PER SPIKE IN WHEAT CULTIVARS (Triticum aestivum L.)

In this paper was analyzed number of kernels per spike in 20 genetically divergent wheat cultivars originated from different breeding centers in Serbia. Investigation conducted during two seasons which characterized different climatic condition. For analysis used samples of 60 wheat plants (20 plants in 3 replications) which were harvested in full maturity stage. The differences in average values for number of kernels per spike in studied cultivars were determined. The variability of number of kernels per spike was established. In average, number of kernels per spike for all cultivars was higher in second year 72.22 than in first experimental year 68.73. The highest number of kernels/spike in both year expressed Tanjugovka cultivar and the lowest Yugoslavia cultivar. Average value of coefficientvariation for all cultivars varied from 14.19 in first year to 12.92 in second year. Average number of kernels per spike for both year of growing, varied from 54.56 in cultivar Yugoslavia to 77.83 in cultivar Tanjugovka. Significant differences for number of kernels/spike were found among cultivars in both years as well between years. Heritability in wide sense for number of kernels/spike was 79.13%.