Victor Bernardo Vicentini

Calcium silicate and organic mineral fertilizer increase the resistance of tomato plants to Frankliniella schultzei

Frankliniella schultzei Trybon (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) is an important pest of tomato plants. The need for more healthful foods is stimulating the development of techniques to increase plant resistance to phytophagous insects. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of calcium silicate and an organic mineral fertilizer, alone or in combination, on the resistance of tomato plants to F. schultzei. The treatments consisted of: control (T1), calcium silicate (T2), organic mineral fertilizer (T3), and calcium silicate with organic mineral fertilizer (T4). The mortality of nymphs of this thrips and the number of lesions on tomato leaves were evaluated after three, six, nine and 12 applications of these products. The number of F. schultzei individuals and of lesions on tomato leaves was lower in treatments T2 and T4 than in T1 and T3, showing a possible increase in tomato resistance to this pest. The increase in the number of applications of calcium silicate and the organic mineral fertilizer increased the mortality of nymphs and reduced the damage by this insect on tomato leaves, mainly after nine applications.

FERTILIZANTE ORGANOMINERAL E ARGILA SILICATADA COMO INDUTORES DE RESISTÊNCIA Á VARÍOLA DO MAMOEIRO

A variola ou pinta preta e um dos mais serios problemas para cultura do mamoeiro e seu controle e baseado na aplicacao excessiva de produtos quimicos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da aplicacao de fertilizante organomineral e argila silicatada na inducao de resistencia a variola em plantas de mamao, avaliando-se a incidencia e severidade. Os tratamentos receberam aplicacoes foliares do fertilizante organomineral (T2), argila silicatada (T3), fertilizante organomineral mais argila silicatada (T4) e agua na testemunha (T1). As avaliacoes foram realizadas 5 dias apos a 6a, 9a e 12a aplicacao foliar dos produtos. Os tratamentos 2, 3 e 4 proporcionaram significativa reducao da incidencia e severidade da doenca. Contudo, maior reducao da incidencia e severidade foi observada quando se associou fertilizante organomineral mais argila silicatada (T3). A aplicacao destes produtos e uma medida eficaz e economicamente viavel para o manejo da variola em cultivos de mamao.

FERTILIZANTE ORGANOMINERAL COMO INDUTOR DE RESISTÊNCIA CONTRA A COLONIZAÇÃO DA MOSCA BRANCA NO FEIJOEIRO

The potential for resistant Bemisia tabaci populations to develop as a consequence of intensive use of chemical insecticides has stimulated studies on integrated pest management tactics, for example, the induction of host-plant resistance.The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the biofertilizer in the resistance induction in bean to the whitefly. Tests were accomplished with free-choice and no-choice tests of oviposition preference of the insect in cultivating of carioca bean. The design was completely randomized, with four treatments, being accomplished a general application in the soil, except for witness. After the first definitive pair�s of leaves appearance the applications were road leaf, being the treatments in the following way: 1, witness, 2) just an application in the soil, 3) an application in the soil one more application to foliate, 4) an application in the soil more two applications foliate. The biofertilizer caused negative effect in the population of the whitefly for the reduction of the oviposition. In that way, that product can be efficient in the handling of the whitefly in bean plantings.

DETERMINAÇÃO DA CONCENTRAÇÃO LETAL MÉDIA (CL 50) DE BEAUVERIA BASSIANA PARA O CONTROLE DE BREVICORYNE BRASSICAE

The cabbage aphid is one of the main curses of Brassicas in general, and the search for healthier foods has been stimulating the development of techniques inside of the maintainable handling, as the microbial control. The objective of this work was determine concentrations of the microbial B. bassiana for the handling of the cabbage aphid. Nymphs of B. brassicae were inoculated in submerged cabbage leaves in fungic suspensions , of the commercial product Boveril®, in the concentrations of 0.05, 0.08, 0.12, 0.31, 0.50, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 grams per liter of distilled water plus adhesive espalhante Hai-Teem®, and maintained 26.0 ± 1.0°C and UR of 75.0 ± 5%. There was an increment of the mortality in function of the increase of the concentration, because, to smallest concentration (0.05g/L) it presented reduced effect of control 14% of confirmed mortality. However, the concentrations of 1.0-2.0g/L of water provided a superior mortality of 85%. The value found for CL50 was of 0.233g/L. In that way the microbial control of the cabbage aphid can be economical and biologically viable for the handling of this pest in brassicas cultivations.