Victor E. Vaskovsky

Polar lipids and fatty acids of some marine macrophytes from the yellow sea

Polar lipid and fatty acid compositions of 26 species of marine macrophytes collected in the Yellow Sea during winter were determined. Each division of seaweeds and seagrasses have distinguishing lipid and fatty acid profiles which have a chemotaxonomic value for marine plants. Algal habitat conditions affect quantitative characteristics of the fatty acids but its influence was not the same for different species. The content of polyunsaturated fatty acids in Chinese algae, in comparison with the same or related species from other regions, was found to be noticeably higher for most of the algal species examined. Members of the genera Rhodomela, Gracilaria, Sargassum, Ulva, Enteromorpha (except E. linza) and Zostera had the same ratios of the principal fatty acids as those for related species from other regions. The draining period during low tides affected lipid content and ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids in algae but it did not influence the polar lipid and fatty acid profiles.

Polar lipids of marine macrophytic algae as chemotaxonomic markers

Abstract The polar lipid composition of 49 species of marine macrophytic algae was investigated. Each division of seaweeds and each class of Phaeophyta and Chlorophyta have distinctive peculiarities in the composition of their phospholipids and other polar lipids. Rhodophyta are the richest in phosphatidylcholine and contain unsaponifiable phospholipid. Brown algae of the class Phaeosporophyceae differ from those of the class Cyclosporophyceae by the presence of phosphatidylcholine and the absence of two unusual polar lipids. Only the Chlorophyta contain phosphatidylserine and diacylglyceryltrimethylhomoserine. The Chlorophyceae differ from the Siphonophyceae by the absence of phosphatidylcholine. Correlation between polar lipid composition and botanical taxonomy of marine algae is discussed.

Identification of diacylglycero-4′-O-(N,N,N-trimethyl)homoserine in mushrooms

An unusual polar lipid component was found in some mushrooms and was isolated fromBoletus edulis. It has been identified as diacylglycero-4′-O-(N,N,N-trimethyl)-homoserine (DGTS) by its thin-layer chromatography (TLC) mobilities and staining behavior as well as by means of infrared (IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Identification of this lipid in mushrooms indicated that DGTS is widely distributed among a diverse group of lower plants and may have chemotaxonomic significance for fungi. It is interesting that DGTS is a component of some edible mushrooms commonly consumed in food.

Distribution of diacylglycerotrimethylhomoserine and phosphatidylcholine in mushrooms

Abstract Fifty-eight species of mushrooms from different orders of Basidiomycetes were examined by HPTLC for the presence of 1,2-diacylglycero- O -4′-( N , N , N ,-trimethyl)homoserine(DGTS) and phosphatidylcholine (PC). It was found that DGTS was one of the main polar lipids in all species investigated from the orders Boletales and Hygrophorales. This lipid was detected as a minor component in a few species from Aphyllophorales and the family Tricholomataceae. The presence of DGTS does not depend on the stage of the development of fruit bodies and place of collection of these mushrooms. Phosphatidylcholine was the major phospholipid in all species investigated except for Leccinum scabrum, L. variocolar and Hygrophorus hypothejus in which this lipid was virtually absent. Possible biosynthetic mechanisms resulting in absence of PC are discussed.

The sulfated O-specific polysaccharide from the marine bacterium Cobetia pacifica KMM 3879T

The O-specific polysaccharide was isolated from the lipopolysaccharide of Cobetia pacifica KMM 3879(T) and studied by chemical methods along with (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopy, including 1D TOCSY and 2D (1)H, (1)H-COSY, ROESY, (1)H, (13)C-HSQC, HMBC, H2BC and HMQC-TOCSY experiments. The following new structure of the sulfated O-polysaccharide from the C. pacifica KMM 3879(T) containing rhamnose (Rha), glucose (Glc), and galactose (Gal) was established: where R is -SO3H.

The O-specific polysaccharide of the marine bacterium Rheinheimera pacifica KММ 1406T containing d- and l-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-galacturonic acids

The O-specific polysaccharide was isolated from the lipopolysaccharide of Rheinheimera pacifica KММ 1406T and studied by chemical methods along with 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. It was shown that the polysaccharide contains one residue each of 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-galactose (D-GalNAc), 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D- and 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-L-galacturonic acids (D-GalNAcA, L-GalNAcA), 2,4-diacetamido-2,4,6-trideoxy-D-glucose (D-QuiNAc4NAc), and 4-(N-acetyl-D-alanyl)amino-4,6-dideoxy-D-glucose (D-Qui4NAlaAc) and has the following structure: →4)-α-D-GalpNAc-(1→4)-α-L-GalpNAcA-(1→3)-β-D-QuipNAc4NAc-(1→2)-β-D-Quip4NDAlaAc-(1→4)-α-D-GalpNAcA-(1→

The new sulfated O-specific polysaccharide from marine bacterium Cobetia pacifica KMM 3878, containing 3,4-O-[(S)-1-carboxyethylidene]-d-galactose and 2,3-O-disulfate-d-galactose

The O-specific polysaccharide was isolated from the lipopolysaccharide of Cobetia pacifica KMM 3878 and studied by chemical methods along with (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopy, including, 1D TOCSY and 2D (1)H, (1)H COSY, (1)H, (13)C HSQC, (1)H, (1)H ROESY, (1)H, (13)C HMBC and (1)H, (13)C H2BC experiments. The following new structure of the sulfated O-polysaccharide from C. pacifica KMM 3878 containing 3,4-O-[(S)-1-carboxyethylidene]-D-galactose and 2,3-O-disulfate-D-galactose was established: →4)-β-D-Gal2,3R-(1→6)-β-D-Gal3,4(S-Pyr)-(1→6)-β-D-Gal-(1→ Where R is -SO3H.

The structure of the O-specific polysaccharide from marine bacterium Litorimonas taeanensis G5T containing 2-acetamido-4-((3S,5S)-3,5-dihydroxyhexanamido)-2,4-dideoxy-D-quinovose and 2-acetamido-2,6-dideoxy-L-xylo-hexos-4-ulose.

The O-polysaccharide was isolated from the lipopolysaccharide of Litorimonas taeanensis G5(T) and studied by chemical methods along with (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopy, including (1)H, (1)H COSY, 1D and 2D TOCSY, NOESY, (1)H, (13)C HSQC, HMBC, and H2BC experiments. The following new structure of the O-polysaccharide of L. taeanensis G5(T) containing 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-galacturonic acid (D-GalNAcA), 2-acetamido-4-((3S,5S)-3,5-dihydroxyhexanamido)-2,4-dideoxy-D-quinovose (D-QuiNAc4NR), and 2-acetamido-2,6-dideoxy-L-xylo-hexos-4-ulose (L-Sug) was established: →4)-α-D-GalpNAcA-(1→3)-α-D-QuiNAc4NR-(1→3)-α-L-Sug-(1→ where R is (3S,5S)-3,5-dihydroxyhexanoic acid.

The O-specific polysaccharide from the marine bacterium Pseudoalteromonas agarivorans KMM 255T

The O-specific polysaccharide was isolated from the lipopolysaccharide of a marine bacterium Pseudoalteromonas agarivorans KMM 255(T) and studied by chemical methods along with (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopies. The following new structure of the O-specific polysaccharide from P. agarivorans KMM 255(T) containing 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose (D-GlcNAc), D-glucose (D-Glc), D-glucuronic acid (D-GlcA) and two residues of D-galactose (D-Gal) was established: Formula: see text].