Victor K. Ng

Food Insecurity and Dietary Intake of Immigrant Food Bank Users

PURPOSEnThe degree of food insecurity and dietary intake was examined in adult Colombians who are new immigrants to Canada and use a food bank.nnnMETHODSnIn-person surveys were conducted on a convenience sample of 77 adult Colombian immigrant food bank users in London, Ontario. Degree of food insecurity was measured by the Radimer/Cornell questionnaire, food intakes by 24-hour recall, sociodemographics, and questionnaires about changes in dietary patterns before and after immigration.nnnRESULTSnThirty-six men and 41 women participated in the study. Despite being highly educated, all respondents had experienced some form of food insecurity within the previous 30 days. The degree of food insecurity seems to be inversely associated with income and length of residency in Canada. Total daily energy intake was low, with a mean value of 1,568.3 +/- 606.0 kcal (6,217.5 +/- 2,336.4 kJ). In particular, a large proportion of participants consumed a diet low in fruits and vegetables (73%) and milk and dairy products (58%).nnnCONCLUSIONSnColombian immigrant food bank users new to Canada experience various degrees of food insecurity, which is associated with inadequate food intake. Interventions are needed to assist this population with adapting to society while concurrently sustaining healthy eating patterns.

Exercise and Crohn’s disease: Speculations on potential benefits

Crohns disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that affects nearly one million people in the United States and Canada. While current pharmaceutical treatments are effective in controlling symptoms, patients continue to experience a reduced quality of life (QOL). Based on preliminary studies, QOL in CD patients may be improved by engaging in physical activity. Exercise may decrease CD activity and reduce psychological stress. Current research also suggests that low-intensity exercise does not exacerbate gastrointestinal symptoms and does not lead to flare-ups. Furthermore, exercise appears to reduce CD symptoms and improve QOL. In summary, physical activity may be beneficial to certain patient groups, but more studies are needed before broad recommendations can be made.

Challenges of Multisite Surgical Teaching Programs: A Review of Surgery Clerkship

OBJECTIVEnAs the enrollment in medical schools increases, the need for affiliated sites to participate in clerkship teaching will continue. The aim of this literature review was to provide a summary of measures that have been used to compare the training in affiliated community hospital sites with the tertiary teaching hospitals.nnnMETHODSnAn extensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, MEDLINE, and EMBASE. A total of 386 articles were identified, of which 20 were found to be relevant to this topic. The references of those articles were also consulted and were included in the preparation of this manuscript when deemed appropriate.nnnRESULTSnA significant difference does not seem to exist in either written examination or clinical performance evaluations among medical students who receive training at either tertiary care teaching hospitals or affiliated community hospital sites. Positive role models are important in influencing the choice of a surgical career, regardless of where clerkship training takes place.nnnCONCLUSIONSnAlthough more research is merited in this area, the current evidence suggests that affiliated sites are comparable in their ability to train medical students during their surgical clerkship.

Activity and Obesity of Colombian immigrants in Canada Who Use a Food Bank

The purpose of this study was to provide some preliminary description of the Latin-Canadian community by reporting the socioeconomic status, physical activity, and weight status (i.e., healthy weight, overweight, or obese status) of Colombians newly immigrated to London, Ontario Canada. Face-to-face interviews were conducted on a convenience sample of 77 adult Colombian immigrant food bank users (46.8% men; mean age 39.9 yr., SD = 11.8). Physical activity was gauged using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and self-report Body Mass Index, and sociodemographic data were collected. Of respondents, 47% had a university education, and 97% received social support. 61% met recommended levels of physical activity. Men were more active, being involved in about 130 min. more of exercise per week, and more men were overweight than women (63.9% versus 39.0%, respectively). Of respondents, 73% reported being less active than before coming to Canada. This pilot study indicates that Latin-Canadian immigrants are a vulnerable group in need of acculturational support. Further study is warranted.

Competing with Crohn's disease: management issues in active patients.

Crohns disease is a chronic inflammatory bowel disorder that has genetic and environmental risk factors. Although moderate physical activity seems to reduce the risk of developing Crohns disease, some high-performance athletes live with the disease. Uncontrolled Crohns disease predisposes patients to numerous nutrient deficiencies and associated health issues such as anemia and osteoporosis. Low-intensity exercise has been shown to decrease flare-ups in sedentary patients; however, high-intensity exercise may lead to increased symptoms. Physicians play a crucial role in coordinating a team approach among the athlete, parents, coach, and athletic trainers to provide the best possible management of diet, training schedule, and treatment.