Víctor Manuel Soto Hermoso

Spatial-temporal parameters of gait in women with fibromyalgia

The aim of the present study was to determine if there are differences in such parameters among patients affected by fibromyalgia (FM) and healthy subjects and whether the degree of affectation by FM can decrease the gait parameters. We studied 55 women with FM and 44 controls. Gait analysis was performed using an instrumented walkway for measurement of the kinematic parameters of gait (GAITRite system), and patients completed a Spanish version of Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ). Significant differences (p < 0.001) between FM and control groups were found in velocity, stride length, cadence, single support ratio, double support ratio, stance phase ratio, and swing phase ratio. There were significant inverse correlations between FIQ and velocity, stride length, swing phase, and single support, whereas significant direct correlations were found with stance phase and double support. Gait parameters of women affected by FM were severely impaired when compared to those of healthy women. Different factors such as lack of physical activity, bradikinesia, overweight, fatigue, and pain together with a lower isometric force in the legs can be responsible for the alterations in gait and poorer life quality of women with FM.The aim of the present study was to determine if there are differences in such parameters among patients affected by fibromyalgia (FM) and healthy subjects and whether the degree of affectation by FM can decrease the gait parameters. We studied 55 women with FM and 44 controls. Gait analysis was performed using an instrumented walkway for measurement of the kinematic parameters of gait (GAITRite system), and patients completed a Spanish version of Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ). Significant differences (p < 0.001) between FM and control groups were found in velocity, stride length, cadence, single support ratio, double support ratio, stance phase ratio, and swing phase ratio. There were significant inverse correlations between FIQ and velocity, stride length, swing phase, and single support, whereas significant direct correlations were found with stance phase and double support. Gait parameters of women affected by FM were severely impaired when compared to those of healthy women. Different factors such as lack of physical activity, bradikinesia, overweight, fatigue, and pain together with a lower isometric force in the legs can be responsible for the alterations in gait and poorer life quality of women with FM.

Acute effect of a long-distance road competition on foot strike patterns, inversion and kinematics parameters in endurance runners

The purpose of this study was to determine the foot strike patterns, inversion and kinematics variables in recreational runners during a long-distance road competition, determining an association between foot strike pattern’s classification, inversion and kinematics variables with athletic performance and sex. Five hundred and forty-two athletes who participated in a half marathon passed through the 15 km data collection point. Photogrammetric techniques (2D) were used to measure contact time and flight time. A high prevalence of rearfoot and high rearfoot strikes was found among the most recreational distance runners. No significant differences between sexes in foot strike pattern were found, whilst significant differences between level groups in the asymmetry (first level = 96.5%, second level = 10.6% and third level = 0.4%) were found. Additionally, forefoot and high forefoot strike exhibit greater percentage for inversion. Moreover, athletes with high rearfoot and rearfoot strike showed a greater contact time and lower flight time. Foot strike patterns were influenced by running speed; thus, athletes with higher performance exhibit lower frequency of rearfoot and high rearfoot strikes. Further research could clarify the causes and consequences (performance and injury) of the current findings.

Effects of different percentages of body weight support on spatiotemporal step characteristics during running

ABSTRACT This study aimed to determine the effect of different percentages of body weight support (BWS) on spatiotemporal step characteristics during running. 26 endurance runners (age: 37 ± 9 years) completed a running treadmill protocol consisting of 6 different conditions (BWS combinations: 0–50%), with velocity maintained at 12 km/h. Each condition lasted 1 minute. Step angle, ground contact time (CT), flight time (FT), step length (SL) and frequency (SF), and duration of phases during stance time (phase1: initial contact; phase2: midstance; phase3: propulsion) were measured for every step during the test using a photoelectric cell system. Compared with the baseline condition (100% BW), FT was longer, CT was shorter, SL was longer, SF was lower, and the step angle was higher with each increase in BWS (p < 0.05). Also, some changes were observed in the duration of phases during stance time: phase1 did not experience changes across experimental conditions (p = 0.096), phase2 decreased and phase3 increased as BW was supported (p < 0.05). These results indicate that as BW was supported, runners showed longer FT and SL, shorter CT, lower SF, and greater step angle as well as some changes in the phases during the ground contact. Therefore, this study highlights the effect of different percentages of BWS on spatiotemporal parameters.

Analysis of foot strike pattern, rearfoot dynamic and foot rotation over childhood. A cross-sectional study

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to determine the foot strike patterns (FSP), rearfoot position at initial contact (RPic, i.e., No INV/EVE) and foot rotation in children in relation to age. A total of 932 children aged 3 to 16 years participated in this study. A sagittal and frontal-plane video was recorded using a high-speed camcorder to analyse these variables. There is a significant increase (p < 0.001) of rearfoot strike patterns (RFS) prevalence in relation to age; e.g. preschool children (3–6 years old) displayed an RFS prevalence 46.65% and the adolescent population(15–16 years old) an RFS prevalence 92.20%. The total RFS prevalence in all samples was 69.25%. There was a significant reduction (p < 0.001) of prevalence of RPic in relation to age groups; preschool children displayed a prevalence of RPic 60.37% and the adolescent population 10%. There was a significant reduction (p < 0.001) of prevalence of no foot rotation in relation to age groups; preschool children displayed a prevalence of no foot rotation 48.95% and the adolescent population 13.55%. In conclusion, FSP in children are influenced by age. It is noteworthy that the RFS prevalence of children is lower in comparison to the adult population.

A preliminary study of the relation between back-pain and plantar-pressure evolution during pregnancy

This work presents the dynamic study of the plantar pressure in a group of 15 pregnant women. An instrumented insoles (ECnsole) developed by the research group were used in order to measure the plantar pressure distribution. A questionnaire that described their perception of the back pain were filled by the participants. This test were repeated in weeks 12, 20 and 32 of pregnancy. From our preliminary results, the centre pressure in the Y-axis in both foot were slightly displaced towards the heel in week test 20 and 32, and it agrees with the onset of back pain in pregnant women.

Foot strike patterns in veteran runners with respect to the increase of the speed and fatigue

Introduction: In the last few decades the number of participants in the popular endurance races has increased,especially for athletes in the category of veterans (over 35 years), as well as the number of organized events. Objective: To analyze the foot strike patterns in veteran runners with respect to an increase of speed and fatigue. Methods: Participation of 43 athletes, 40 men (mean age: 41.3±1.10 years old) and 3 women (mean age: 44.3±3.17 years old). After warm-up, three running protocols were performed: comfortable pace, competition pace and competicion pace until the increase two values of the Borg scale, freely chosen by each athlete. Foot strike patterns (contact surface, lateral rotation and tilting of the foot) and a time sequence were analyzed by high-speed video. Results: 84.5% of the athletes had rearfoot, increasing with the speed and fatigue. Among 52.7% of the athletes had mild external rotation and 69% had mild lateral tilt. No relationship was found between athletes, either with or without lesions in the foot strike patterns on the three race protocols. The contact time was higher in rearfoot regarding the rest of the types of foot strike patterns in comfortable running and competition pace. Conclusion: The findings of this study may be relevant for the design of athletic shoes and contribute information on the relationship between the foot strike patterns of the veteran runner and the risk of injuries.INTRODUCCION: En las ultimas decadas, el numero de participantes en las carreras populares de resistencia ha aumentado, especialmente, de los atletas de la categoria de veteranos (mas de 35 anos), asi como el numero de pruebas organizadas.OBJETIVO: Analizar la dinamica de apoyo en la carrera del atleta veterano con relacion al incremento de la velocidad y de la fatiga.METODOS: Participaron 43 atletas, 40 hombres (promedio de edad: 41,3 ± 1,10 anos) y 3 mujeres (promedio de edad 44,3 ± 3,17 anos). Despues del calentamiento, fueron realizados tres protocolos de carrera: confortable, ritmo de competicion y ritmo de competicion hasta el incremento de los valores de la escala de Borg, escogidos libremente por cada atleta. La dinamica de apoyo (superficie de contacto, rotacion lateral e inclinacion del pie) y su secuencia temporal fueron analizados en video de alta velocidad.RESULTADOS: Del total, 84,5% de los atletas presentaron apoyo atrasado, con incremento correspondiente al aumento de la velocidad y de la fatiga en la carrera. De los atletas, 52,7% presentaron rotacion externa leve y 69% presentaron inclinacion lateral leve. No fue encontrada relacion entre atletas lesionados o no ni entre la dinamica de apoyo en los tres tipos de carrera. El tiempo de contacto en la fase de amortiguacion fue superior en el apoyo atrasado con relacion al resto de los tipos de pasos en la carrera confortable y en el ritmo de competicion.CONCLUSION: Los descubrimientos de este estudio pueden ser importantes para el diseno de zapatos deportivos y para aportar informaciones sobre la relacion entre el estandar del paso del corredor veterano y el riesgo de lesiones.

Dinámica de apoyo en corredores veteranos con relación al incremento de la velocidad y de la fatiga

Introduction: In the last few decades the number of participants in the popular endurance races has increased,especially for athletes in the category of veterans (over 35 years), as well as the number of organized events. Objective: To analyze the foot strike patterns in veteran runners with respect to an increase of speed and fatigue. Methods: Participation of 43 athletes, 40 men (mean age: 41.3±1.10 years old) and 3 women (mean age: 44.3±3.17 years old). After warm-up, three running protocols were performed: comfortable pace, competition pace and competicion pace until the increase two values of the Borg scale, freely chosen by each athlete. Foot strike patterns (contact surface, lateral rotation and tilting of the foot) and a time sequence were analyzed by high-speed video. Results: 84.5% of the athletes had rearfoot, increasing with the speed and fatigue. Among 52.7% of the athletes had mild external rotation and 69% had mild lateral tilt. No relationship was found between athletes, either with or without lesions in the foot strike patterns on the three race protocols. The contact time was higher in rearfoot regarding the rest of the types of foot strike patterns in comfortable running and competition pace. Conclusion: The findings of this study may be relevant for the design of athletic shoes and contribute information on the relationship between the foot strike patterns of the veteran runner and the risk of injuries.INTRODUCCION: En las ultimas decadas, el numero de participantes en las carreras populares de resistencia ha aumentado, especialmente, de los atletas de la categoria de veteranos (mas de 35 anos), asi como el numero de pruebas organizadas.OBJETIVO: Analizar la dinamica de apoyo en la carrera del atleta veterano con relacion al incremento de la velocidad y de la fatiga.METODOS: Participaron 43 atletas, 40 hombres (promedio de edad: 41,3 ± 1,10 anos) y 3 mujeres (promedio de edad 44,3 ± 3,17 anos). Despues del calentamiento, fueron realizados tres protocolos de carrera: confortable, ritmo de competicion y ritmo de competicion hasta el incremento de los valores de la escala de Borg, escogidos libremente por cada atleta. La dinamica de apoyo (superficie de contacto, rotacion lateral e inclinacion del pie) y su secuencia temporal fueron analizados en video de alta velocidad.RESULTADOS: Del total, 84,5% de los atletas presentaron apoyo atrasado, con incremento correspondiente al aumento de la velocidad y de la fatiga en la carrera. De los atletas, 52,7% presentaron rotacion externa leve y 69% presentaron inclinacion lateral leve. No fue encontrada relacion entre atletas lesionados o no ni entre la dinamica de apoyo en los tres tipos de carrera. El tiempo de contacto en la fase de amortiguacion fue superior en el apoyo atrasado con relacion al resto de los tipos de pasos en la carrera confortable y en el ritmo de competicion.CONCLUSION: Los descubrimientos de este estudio pueden ser importantes para el diseno de zapatos deportivos y para aportar informaciones sobre la relacion entre el estandar del paso del corredor veterano y el riesgo de lesiones.

Dinâmica do apoio em corredores veteranos com relação ao incremento da velocidade e da fadiga

Introduction: In the last few decades the number of participants in the popular endurance races has increased,especially for athletes in the category of veterans (over 35 years), as well as the number of organized events. Objective: To analyze the foot strike patterns in veteran runners with respect to an increase of speed and fatigue. Methods: Participation of 43 athletes, 40 men (mean age: 41.3±1.10 years old) and 3 women (mean age: 44.3±3.17 years old). After warm-up, three running protocols were performed: comfortable pace, competition pace and competicion pace until the increase two values of the Borg scale, freely chosen by each athlete. Foot strike patterns (contact surface, lateral rotation and tilting of the foot) and a time sequence were analyzed by high-speed video. Results: 84.5% of the athletes had rearfoot, increasing with the speed and fatigue. Among 52.7% of the athletes had mild external rotation and 69% had mild lateral tilt. No relationship was found between athletes, either with or without lesions in the foot strike patterns on the three race protocols. The contact time was higher in rearfoot regarding the rest of the types of foot strike patterns in comfortable running and competition pace. Conclusion: The findings of this study may be relevant for the design of athletic shoes and contribute information on the relationship between the foot strike patterns of the veteran runner and the risk of injuries.INTRODUCCION: En las ultimas decadas, el numero de participantes en las carreras populares de resistencia ha aumentado, especialmente, de los atletas de la categoria de veteranos (mas de 35 anos), asi como el numero de pruebas organizadas.OBJETIVO: Analizar la dinamica de apoyo en la carrera del atleta veterano con relacion al incremento de la velocidad y de la fatiga.METODOS: Participaron 43 atletas, 40 hombres (promedio de edad: 41,3 ± 1,10 anos) y 3 mujeres (promedio de edad 44,3 ± 3,17 anos). Despues del calentamiento, fueron realizados tres protocolos de carrera: confortable, ritmo de competicion y ritmo de competicion hasta el incremento de los valores de la escala de Borg, escogidos libremente por cada atleta. La dinamica de apoyo (superficie de contacto, rotacion lateral e inclinacion del pie) y su secuencia temporal fueron analizados en video de alta velocidad.RESULTADOS: Del total, 84,5% de los atletas presentaron apoyo atrasado, con incremento correspondiente al aumento de la velocidad y de la fatiga en la carrera. De los atletas, 52,7% presentaron rotacion externa leve y 69% presentaron inclinacion lateral leve. No fue encontrada relacion entre atletas lesionados o no ni entre la dinamica de apoyo en los tres tipos de carrera. El tiempo de contacto en la fase de amortiguacion fue superior en el apoyo atrasado con relacion al resto de los tipos de pasos en la carrera confortable y en el ritmo de competicion.CONCLUSION: Los descubrimientos de este estudio pueden ser importantes para el diseno de zapatos deportivos y para aportar informaciones sobre la relacion entre el estandar del paso del corredor veterano y el riesgo de lesiones.

Desarrollo de un sistema fotogramétrico tridimensional computerizado no invasivo para el análisis de la columna vertebral humana

El presente trabajo expone el desarrollo de un sistema fotogrametri- co tridimensional (3D) no invasivo basado en la utilizacion de imagenes radiologicas que permite el analisis de la columna vertebral humana para su aplicacion en el ambito de la investigctcion basica acerca del comportamiento de la columna y su utilizacion practica para facilitar el diagnostico clinico en los centros medi- -cos. A partir de Ia informacion obtenida mediante imagenes radio- togicai son aplicadas tecnicas fotogrametricas 3D computerizadas que permiten con una adecuada metodologia no invasiva la obtencion de diversos parametros biomectinicos que permiten detetminar el comportamiento estatico y dinamico de la columna. Asimismo se desarrollan ciertos algoritmos de representacion grafica tri- dimensional de la columna vertebral humana que la simulan de forma realista; esto puede suponer un avance importante para su utilizacion en el perfeccionamiento del diagnostico clinico. El sistema desarrollado ha sido aplicado de forma practica sobre una muestra de pacientes afectados por diversos grados de escoliosis.