Vincenzo Girgenti

A life cycle assessment of non-renewable energy use and greenhouse gas emissions associated with blueberry and raspberry production in northern Italy

This study examined the emissions produced during the pre-farm, farm and post-farm phases of the production cycle of raspberries and giant American whortleberries (blueberries) cultivated in one of the best-adapted areas in northern Italy. The pre-farm phase included the greenhouse gas emissions from the production of plants in the nursery and the transportation of the plants to the production farms. The farm phase involved the emissions of greenhouse gases from chemical products, the water used for irrigation, the generation of waste, and the consumption of electricity and other energy. The post-farm phase comprised the transportation of the products to the distribution centre (DC) and their storage in the DC. The use phase is not included in the system, nor is transportation from the supermarket to the home of the final consumer, but the disposal of the packaging is nevertheless taken into account. Indeed, the use of traditional plastic materials during both the field phase (nursery and cultivation) and the post-harvesting phase (packaging) produced the greatest estimated impact.

Quality Effect of Ozone Treatment for the Red Raspberries Storage

The improvement of the storage solutions and the infrastructure is a significant opportunity to the management of the post harvest fruit losses and the maintenance of the quality in the supply chain. The environmental issue and the sustainability of the applied processes are the key of the succesful for the innovation of the food system; the sanification of the storage environment could represent a good opportunity to achieve this objective. The focus of this work was to evaluate the efficacy of the ozone (O3) such environmental sanitization system to limit both the quantitative and the qualitative losses of the raspberry fruits. Fruits exposed to the O3 constant concentration of 500 ppb (S1) and to the O3 concentration between 200 and 50 ppb (S2) were compared with fruits maintained in the normal atmosphere (control). The efficacy of the S1 and S2 treatments were evaluated measuring along the storage time the fruits weight losses (%), the total soluble solids content (SSC), the pulp firmness, the acidity content, the skin colour and the most important nutraceutical compounds. The fruits were stored at 1±1°C in a cold room held at 90–95% RH for 3, 6, 9 and 13 days. After each time at low temperature the same berries were held in shelf life for different additional days (respectively +6, +3, +9 and +2) at 20±1°C to simulate retailer conditions. All the qualitative and nutraceutical traits were maintained to the exposure of O3. Fruits stored with the S2 treatment showed the highest sensorial profile.

Qualitative Performance and Consumer Acceptability of Starch Films for the Blueberry Modified Atmosphere Packaging Storage

Abstract The sustainability of packaging is an important part of food system innovation and it can influence the purchase decision for the fresh produce. In this work, we evaluated the qualitative performance and the consumer acceptability of three starch films for the blueberry modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) storage under fluctuating temperatures. Fruits cv. Duke were monitored for up to 18 days (15 days at 1±1°C and 3 days at 20±1°C). The respiration rate of the blueberries and the permeability of the films affect the initial atmospheric composition (0.2 kPa CO2 and 21.2 kPa O2) inside each package influencing the headspace gas composition and the quality parameters of the fruits. The F3 film has better controlled O2 values inside the packages up until the end of storage (5.7 kPa) and it maintained the highest anthocyanin content (156.21 mg C3G/100 g FW) and antioxidant capacity (22.18 Fe2+/kg) of fruits at 20±1°C.