Vinicius Frayze David

Face Scanning in Autism Spectrum Disorder and Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Human Versus Dog Face Scanning.

This study used eye tracking to explore attention allocation to human and dog faces in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and typical development (TD). Significant differences were found among the three groups. TD participants looked longer at the eyes than ASD and ADHD ones, irrespective of the faces presented. In spite of this difference, groups were similar in that they looked more to the eyes than to the mouth areas of interest. The ADHD group gazed longer at the mouth region than the other groups. Furthermore, groups were also similar in that they looked more to the dog than to the human faces. The eye-tracking technology proved to be useful for behavioral investigation in different neurodevelopmental disorders.

Fatores psicossociais e sociodemográficos associados à depressão pós-parto: Um estudo em hospitais público e privado da cidade de São Paulo, Brasil

El estudio evaluo la prevalencia de la depresion posparto (DPP) y factores asociados en mujeres que dieron a luz en dos hospitales de la ciudad de Sao Paulo: un publico y otro privado. Se aplico dos instrumentos estandarizados, la escala de depresion posparto de Edimburgo (EDPE) y el Cuestionario MOS-SSS de Apoyo Social, a 462 mujeres: 205 en el hospital publico y 257 en el hospital privado. Se obtuvieron datos sociodemograficos, psicosociales, obstetricos y del recien nacido (RN). Fueron consideradas deprimidas las mujeres con 12 o mas puntos en la EDPE aplicada en el tercero o cuarto mes despues del parto. En el hospital publico, la prevalencia de DPP fue de 26% y en el privado, 9%. Caracteristicas de los RN fueron similares en las dos muestras; la edad, la escolaridad, el numero de consultas de prenatal y de cesareas fueron mayores en el hospital privado. El analisis de regresion implicando caracteristicas psicosociales de las participantes revelo una asociacion positiva de la DPP con depresion previa y con frecuencia de conflictos con el companero y una relacion negativa con los anos de escolaridad y con el escore de apoyo social.

Programa de treinamento em pesquisa: Duke University e Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia

BACKGROUND: Research coaching program focuses on the development of abilities and scientific reasoning. For health professionals, it may be useful to increase both the number and quality of projects and manuscripts. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the initial results and implementation methodology of the Research and Innovation Coaching Program of the Research on Research group of Duke University in the Brazilian Society of Cardiology. METHODS: The program works on two bases: training and coaching. Training is done online and addresses contents on research ideas, literature search, scientific writing and statistics. After training, coaching favors the establishment of a collaboration between researchers and centers by means of a network of contacts. The present study describes the implementation and initial results in reference to the years 2011-2012. RESULTS: In 2011, 24 centers received training, which consisted of online meetings, study and practice of the contents addressed. In January 2012, a new format was implemented with the objective of reaching more researchers. In six months, 52 researchers were allocated. In all, 20 manuscripts were published and 49 more were written and await submission and/or publication. Additionally, five research funding proposals have been elaborated. CONCLUSION: The number of manuscripts and funding proposals achieved the objectives initially proposed. However, the main results of this type of initiative should be measured in the long term, because the consolidation of the national production of high-quality research is a virtuous cycle that feeds itself back and expands over time. (Arq Bras Cardiol 2012;99(6):1075-1081)

Postpartum depression in high-risk Brazilian women: psychosocial predictors and effects on maternal vocalization

ABSTRACT Psychosocial risk conditions can predict postpartum depression (PPD) which can reduce maternal investment into child. We examined, in high-risk Brazilian mothers, PPD predictors measured during pregnancy, and PPD effects on maternal behaviors measured at 4-5 months. 35 depressed (D) and 38 nondepressed (ND) mothers had four behaviors (gaze, smile, vocalization and touch) and three interaction styles (intrusive, withdrawn and good interaction) coded. At 4 months, 48% of mothers presented PPD. Lower levels of education, shorter pregnancy, higher marital conflict and greater prior history of depression were found as PPD predictors. D and ND mothers equally gazed, smiled and touched, while only D mothers vocalized less to their children. Thus, lower levels of education, shorter pregnancy, higher marital conflict and greater prior history of depression catalyzed PPD emergence. PPD reduced maternal investment through lower vocalization during early mother-infant interaction. Finally, both D and ND mothers mostly behaved as good interaction partners.

IRDI en la Evaluación de Bebés con Problemas de Desarrollo Asociados al Autismo

This exploratory study investigates the contributions the Clinical Risk Indicators in Child Development (CDRI) may bring for the evaluation of infants who might be considered in autistic development. To do so, results of the evaluation – using CDRI and the Modified Checklist for Autism (M-CHAT) – of 43 babies who were 18 months old were compared. The present study showed that autism is amongst the risks the CDRI detects. The statistical analysis highlights that the axis Subject Assumption (SA) may not differentiate infants who present developmental problems associated with autism from typically developing ones. The Alternate Presence/Absence (PA) axis seems to be the one that most distinguishes these groups of infants. The clinical vignette demonstrates that CDRI can be used as a guide that helps to understand the family dynamics and can guide the interventions made in public health services.Esta pesquisa e um estudo exploratorio com o objetivo de investigar contribuicoes que o protocolo Indicadores Clinicos de Risco para o Desenvolvimento Infantil (IRDI) pode trazer para avaliacao de bebes que estejam se desenvolvendo em um percurso autistico. Para tanto, foram comparados resultados do IRDI e do Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT) em 43 bebes de 18 meses de vida. O estudo demonstrou que dentre os riscos detectados pelo IRDI tambem esta o autismo. A analise estatistica aponta para a possibilidade de o eixo Suposicao de Sujeito (SS) nao diferenciar bebes com problemas de desenvolvimento associados ao autismo daqueles que apresentam um desenvolvimento tipico. O eixo Alternância Presenca/Ausencia (PA) parece ser aquele que mais distingue os dois grupos de bebes. A vinheta clinica demonstra que o IRDI pode ser utilizado como um operador de leitura que auxilia a compreensao de dinâmicas familiares com potencial para orientar intervencoes no contexto da saude publica.

IRDI na Avaliação de Bebês com Problemas de Desenvolvimento Associados ao Autismo

This exploratory study investigates the contributions the Clinical Risk Indicators in Child Development (CDRI) may bring for the evaluation of infants who might be considered in autistic development. To do so, results of the evaluation – using CDRI and the Modified Checklist for Autism (M-CHAT) – of 43 babies who were 18 months old were compared. The present study showed that autism is amongst the risks the CDRI detects. The statistical analysis highlights that the axis Subject Assumption (SA) may not differentiate infants who present developmental problems associated with autism from typically developing ones. The Alternate Presence/Absence (PA) axis seems to be the one that most distinguishes these groups of infants. The clinical vignette demonstrates that CDRI can be used as a guide that helps to understand the family dynamics and can guide the interventions made in public health services.Esta pesquisa e um estudo exploratorio com o objetivo de investigar contribuicoes que o protocolo Indicadores Clinicos de Risco para o Desenvolvimento Infantil (IRDI) pode trazer para avaliacao de bebes que estejam se desenvolvendo em um percurso autistico. Para tanto, foram comparados resultados do IRDI e do Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT) em 43 bebes de 18 meses de vida. O estudo demonstrou que dentre os riscos detectados pelo IRDI tambem esta o autismo. A analise estatistica aponta para a possibilidade de o eixo Suposicao de Sujeito (SS) nao diferenciar bebes com problemas de desenvolvimento associados ao autismo daqueles que apresentam um desenvolvimento tipico. O eixo Alternância Presenca/Ausencia (PA) parece ser aquele que mais distingue os dois grupos de bebes. A vinheta clinica demonstra que o IRDI pode ser utilizado como um operador de leitura que auxilia a compreensao de dinâmicas familiares com potencial para orientar intervencoes no contexto da saude publica.

CDRI as an Instrument to Evaluate Infants With Developmental Problems Associated With Autism

This exploratory study investigates the contributions the Clinical Risk Indicators in Child Development (CDRI) may bring for the evaluation of infants who might be considered in autistic development. To do so, results of the evaluation – using CDRI and the Modified Checklist for Autism (M-CHAT) – of 43 babies who were 18 months old were compared. The present study showed that autism is amongst the risks the CDRI detects. The statistical analysis highlights that the axis Subject Assumption (SA) may not differentiate infants who present developmental problems associated with autism from typically developing ones. The Alternate Presence/Absence (PA) axis seems to be the one that most distinguishes these groups of infants. The clinical vignette demonstrates that CDRI can be used as a guide that helps to understand the family dynamics and can guide the interventions made in public health services.Esta pesquisa e um estudo exploratorio com o objetivo de investigar contribuicoes que o protocolo Indicadores Clinicos de Risco para o Desenvolvimento Infantil (IRDI) pode trazer para avaliacao de bebes que estejam se desenvolvendo em um percurso autistico. Para tanto, foram comparados resultados do IRDI e do Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT) em 43 bebes de 18 meses de vida. O estudo demonstrou que dentre os riscos detectados pelo IRDI tambem esta o autismo. A analise estatistica aponta para a possibilidade de o eixo Suposicao de Sujeito (SS) nao diferenciar bebes com problemas de desenvolvimento associados ao autismo daqueles que apresentam um desenvolvimento tipico. O eixo Alternância Presenca/Ausencia (PA) parece ser aquele que mais distingue os dois grupos de bebes. A vinheta clinica demonstra que o IRDI pode ser utilizado como um operador de leitura que auxilia a compreensao de dinâmicas familiares com potencial para orientar intervencoes no contexto da saude publica.

Depressão pós-parto e habilidades pragmáticas: comparação entre gêneros de uma população brasileira de baixa renda

Purpose Compare pragmatic skills of boys and girls and the influence of Postpartum Depression (PPD) on this process.Methods The subjects of this research project are 31 boys and 49 girls from 3 years to 3 years and 5 months. Regarding their mothers, 30 displayed PPD indicators as per the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. An assessment of the pragmatic aspect of child language development was carried out, at 3 years old, during open play with mother, based on data gathered since birth.Results It was observed that girls obtained better results than boys, although those girls whose mothers had PPD interacted more. Boys, in contrast, had better results when their mothers did not have PPD.Conclusion This led to the detection of the influence of gender on those socio-affective, upbringing-related variables (including PPD), which are relevant to child development.