Violeta Nagai

Preferência de alimentação de adultos de Diabrotica speciosa (Germar) e Cerotoma arcuata (Oliv.) em variedades de soja

The preference for feeding in 5 soybean varieties of two species of leaf beetles, D. speciosa (Germar) and C. arcuata (Oliv.) (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) was tested at Campinas, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil, under greenhouse conditions, in a free choice type of experiment. Two Brazilian commercial soybean varieties Santa Rosa and Parana, were compared with the PI 227 687, PI 229 358 and PI 171 451. The PI 227.687 was less preferred for feeding by D. speciosa than the commercial varieties and the other two PIs were intermediate. The C. arcuata leaf beetle showed a significant preference for young leaves of the variety Santa Rosa over the young leaves of PI 227.687, but in general there was no conspicuous feeding preference for the commercial varieties as much as there was for D. speciosa.

Resistência de soja a insetos: VII. Avaliação de danos de percevejos em cultivares e linhagens

During the seasons of 1980/81 and 1981/82, the performance of eight soybean lines (IAC 73-228, IAC 77-3802, IAC 77-3823, IAC 78-2296, IAC 78-2318, IAC 78-3258, IAC 78-3278 and D72-9601-1) and two cultivars (Santa Rosa and TMU) was evaluated in relation to the attack of stink bugs in the field, at Campinas, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil. In the season of 1980/81, the low natural infestation of Piezodorus guildinii (West.) and Nezara viridula (L.) was supplemented by liberation of Euschistus heros (Fabr.) adults collected on soybean crops; in the following season, the high natural infestation was sufficient to cause severe damage to soybeans. Seven criteria of damage evaluation were utilized: foliar retention, yield, yield divided in four damage classes, percentage of the damage grain weight, weight of hundred seeds, oil content and germination percentage. The line IAC 73-228 confirmed its resistance and the same performance was observed for the IAC 78-2318. Nevertheless, both these lines have as unfavourable characteristics, small seeds and low oil content.

Ensaio de livre escolha para o Coleóptero Colaspis sp. em seis variedades de soja

) Agradecimentos sao devidos ao Dr. Carlos Jorge Rossetto e ao Eng.° Agr.° Jorge Alberto Marques Rezende pela colaboracao prestada e tambem aos funcionarios da Secao de Entomologia Fitotecnica, Aldo Fernandes, Archangelo Marion, Maria Ines Fonseca Jorge e Osvaldo Betti. Recebida para publicacao a 31 de agosto de 1979. (

Efeito da falta de normalidade em testes de homogeneidade das variâncias

The mean and standard deviation of distributions with five different levels of assimetry and kurtosis were used to simulate 6,000 experiments, in a randomized complete block design with five treatments and six replications, considering two levels of precision and three levels of block effects. The tests of homogeneity of variance proposed by Han and Shukla, for randomized block design, and those of Bartlett, Cochran and Hartley, developed for one-way classification were applied to the simulated data. The last three tests were also used after correcting for block effects. The amount of rejection of the null hypothesis increased with the levels of assimetry and kurtosis in all tests. The percentage of rejection of the hypothesis of homogeneity of variances using Shuklas test and those of Bartlett, Cochran and Hartley, without block correction, were strongly affected by non-normality mainly when the block effect was small. The rejection of the null hypothesis when used Hans test or those of Bartlett, Cochran and Hartley tests, adjusted for block effects, were larger than 5% when the coefficients of assimetry and kurtosis were higher than 1.11 and 4.04 respectively.

Parâmetros fisiológicos, produção de aquênios e fitomassa de girassol em diferentes épocas de cultivo

PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS, GRAIN AND DRY MATTER YIELD OF SUNFLOWER CULTIVATED IN DIFFERENT SOWING DATES The knowledge of possible changes in sunflower cultivars due to different sowing dates is very important for sunflower cultivation. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of sowing date on some physiological characteristics, dry matter and grain yield of three sunflower cultivars sowed in twelve consecutive sowing dates ranging from January to December, 1989. The study was carried out in a field experiment, in the IAC Experimental Station of Monte Alegre do Sul (Latitude: 22°41’S; Longitude: 46°43’W; Altitude: 777 m), Brazil. The genotypes used were the varieties IAC-Anhandy and VNIIMK 8931, and the hybrid Contisol 621, in a split-plot design with sowing dates and cultivars, with four replications. The evaluations were done at phenostage R5.5, corresponding to 50% of flowering for leaf area index (LAI) and at physiological maturity (R5.9) for the remaining data. There was a significant interaction between sowing date and cultivar for all the studied characteristics,

AVALIAÇÃO AGROTECNOLÓGICA DE VARIEDADES DE ABACAXIZEIRO, CONFORME OS TIPOS DE MUDA, EM CORDEIRÓPOLIS (SP)

Seven pineapple varieties were tested in field trials in Cordeiropolis, State of Sao Paulo, from May 1991 to February 1994, in four experiments, each one using different planting materials: sucker or shoot, slip, crown and stem section plants (developed from bud stem in sand box). The varieties were: Rondon (RD), Roxo de Tefe (RT), Turi Verde (TV), Natal Queen (NQ), Guiana (GN), Perola (PR) and Smooth Cayenne (SC).The followings characteristics were evaluated: the periods for natural inflorescence emission, the time between the emission until the flowering completed, and from then until the ripped-fruit; also, the fruit diameters (the base, the top and the largest diameter), the mass production (fruit and crown), and in the pulp, the soluble solid content (Brix), texture, acidity, ascorbic acid content and pH. The main results were: (1) RD and PR had the earliest uniform natural inflorescence emission, and SC and TV had the latest ones; (2) NQ had the shortest and SC and GN the longest period from the emission to the harvest; (3) SC and GN yielded fruits with mean weight (g) 52% and 24% higher than the mean weight of RD, PR and TV together. NQ had the lowest mean weight; (4) GN had the highest number of slips and suckers, and SC had the lowest number of slips; (5) The plants from bud-stem had lower number of slips and suckers than from the other three planting materials; (6) The pulp soluble solid content (Brix) of SC and NQ and the acidity of TV had higher values, and NQ had the highest value for the Brix and acidity ratio; (7) PR had the highest ascorbic acid content and RD had higher content than SC. It was concluded that some of the varieties cultivated in Brazil may replace the Smooth Cayenne and Perola, what is desirable, because SC and PR are highly susceptible to Fusarium subglutinans.

Sistemas de rotação de culturas de milho, algodão e soja e seu efeito sobre a produtividade

During the period of 1981/82 to 1988/89 at Ribeirao Preto and 1981/82 to 1990/91 at Mococa, Sao Paulo State, Brazil, rotation systems were studied, with corn, cotton and soybeans using the following scheme: I - annual rotation of cotton, corn and soybeans; II - two years of cotton and one year of soybeans; III - two years of corn and one year of soybeans; IV - two years of soybeans and one year of corn; V - two years of soybeans and one year of cotton; and the monoculture of corn, cotton and soybeans. The results showed that at the two localities there was an increase in the yield of corn whatever the scheme of rotation utilized. On the other hand, for both cotton and soybeans no significant increase in the yield was observed with rotations.

Free choice test for Colaspis sp. in six soybean varieties

) Agradecimentos sao devidos ao Dr. Carlos Jorge Rossetto e ao Eng.° Agr.° Jorge Alberto Marques Rezende pela colaboracao prestada e tambem aos funcionarios da Secao de Entomologia Fitotecnica, Aldo Fernandes, Archangelo Marion, Maria Ines Fonseca Jorge e Osvaldo Betti. Recebida para publicacao a 31 de agosto de 1979. (

Estudo comparativo das relações entre os nutrientes dosados em folhas de café, citros e milho

). O processo de regressao e correlacao simples e multipla, medindo o grau de relacao entre as variaveis, e de grande aplicacao no estudo dos problemas de nutricao mineral. Os teores dos nutrientes dosados na folha atraves de analise quimica foliar nao revelam por si so o estado nutricional adequado de uma planta, sendo tambem de importância a relacao de equilibrio em que se encontram. Com base nos teores dos nutrientes determinados nas folhas de milho, citros e cafe, procurou-se estabelecer, atraves de um estudo de regressao e correlacao multipla, os diferentes tipos de relacao entre os nutrientes nessas culturas. Material e metodos — Os dados de analises quimicas foliares, utilizados para os calculos estatisticos, foram cedidos pela Secao de Quimica Analitica, Instituto Agronomico de Campinas. Em citros, as amostras foram coletadas de um ensaio de adu-bacao com NPK, fatorial 3

Influência da época de semeadura no crescimento, produtividade e outros fatores de produção em cultivares de amendoim na região da alta paulista

ABSTRACT INFLUENCE OF SOWING TIME ON GROWTH, PRODUCTIVITY AND OTHER YIELD CHARACTERSOF PEANUT CULTIVARS IN THE ALTA PAULISTA REGION, STATE OF SAO PAULO, BRAZIL Field experiments were carried out during the crop growing seasons of 1989/90 and1990/91 in Adamantina, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil. The objective was to study the influenceof sowing time on growth, yield and other agronomic yield characters of four peanut culti-vars under the agroecological conditions of the Alta Paulista. The study used a split-plotexperimental design with six randomized blocks. The main plots were sowing times whereasthe subplots were the cultivars IAC-Oira, IAC-Poitara, IAC-Tupa and Tatu. Decrease in drymatter yield, pod number and yield per plant were observed in all cultivars, from the first tothe last sowing date, i.e., from September /October through March, respectively. Theexperimental results were related to the air temperature. The greatest pod yields were achievedwhen peanuts were sowed between late September and October. The cultivars IAC-Oira,IAC-Poitara and IAC-Tupa showed greater pod number and dry matter yield per plant thanthe cv. Tatu.