Vipin Joseph Markose

Hypsometric analysis of Kali River Basin, Karnataka, India, using geographic information system

Hypsometric analysis is useful for understanding the geomorphic stages of a river basin. Hypsometric parameters have been evaluated and curves are prepared forall the 20 sub-basins of Kali River. Thirteen sub-basins are found to be under younger geomorphic stages with high hypsometric integral (Ea) values and subjected to recent tectonic activities. The remaining seven sub-basins are approaching mature stage and subjected to more erosion and less impacted by recent tectonic activities. Six sub-basins with lower hypsometric head values (<0.56) indicate least effect of diffusive processes and another six sub-basins with medium hypsometric head values (0.60–0.68) depict moderate diffusive erosion. The remaining eight sub-basins with higher hypsometric head values (>0.75) indicate highest diffusive processes at their upper reaches. Lower (<0.28) and higher (>0.44) hypsometric toe values indicate minimum and maximum mass accumulation respectively at the sub-catchment mouth.

Quantitative analysis of morphometric parameters of Kali River basin, southern India, using bearing azimuth and drainage (bAd) calculator and GIS

Abstract This study deals with the application of visual basic program ‘bearing, azimuth and drainage (bAd) calculator’ which employs a new and easy methodology for extraction of watershed morphometric parameters. Using bAd calculator, morphometric analysis was carried out for the Kali River basin of southwest coast of India. The basin forms a part of the Western Ghats, which is an important mountain range of the Indian sub-continent and runs nearly parallel to the coast. Spatial maps of six morphometric parameters have been prepared from the results obtained. Various linear, areal, shape and relief morphometric parameters of fifth and sixth order basins have been calculated and interpreted. Majority of the sub-basins show less uniform values (~3 to 4) of Rbm which indicate the uniform and systematic branching pattern of streams. High Dd zones are found in the Western Ghats region, whereas low Dd zones are observed in the eastern part of the basin and near the estuary. The eastern part of the basin shows low Fs values, whereas NW and SW parts of the basin show high Fs values. Compared to manual measurement, bAd calculator requires minimal time to quantify the morphometric parameters. Experimental results show that the software is effective in calculating drainage parameters such as drainage density, frequency, bifurcation ratio, etc., using the text file of ESRI shapefile.

Linfo - a visual basic program for lineament density, frequency and intersection density analysis

This paper describes the development of visual basic program called ‘Linfo’ which can be used for calculation of spatial properties (orientation, length, density, frequency and intersection density) of lineaments. The program allows the user to analyze the orientation of lineaments easily and shows the results in the form of rose diagram. Linfo can handle large number of lineaments at a time and calculates the results faster than any other software. Linfo generates regular square grids over lineament data and calculates the number, length and intersections of lineaments that fall within each cell. The program is validated with lineament data of Kerala state, India and prepared the spatial maps using Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) interpolation method. The experimental results show that Linfo is useful for generating spatial maps using any interpolation method. Potential application of the program includes demarcation of groundwater potential zones, landslide risk assessment etc.

Generation of Stream Length Gradient Index Map Using Visual Basic Program – A Case Study from South India

This study investigates the spatial variations of SL using visual basic computer program called R. Profiler. The graphical interface of R. Profiler allows the user to calculate the SL easily and draw the river long profiles. In order to check the efficiency and accuracy, R. Profiler is validated by using the drainage networks data of Kali River basin of southern India. The digitized data were converted into .txt format and imported into R. Profiler. Using query option, streams of third order and above have been selected and calculated the SL automatically. The calculated SL values of each portion of the river were converted into point shapefile and prepared the spatial map by using Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) interpolation method available in ArcGIS 9.3. The results show that, R.Profiler is effective in calculating SL using the text data of ESRI line shapefile as an input.

Linfo: A Visual Basic Program for Analysis of Spatial Properties of Lineaments

This study describes the development of the software ‘Linfo’ using visual basic 6.0, which can be used for calculation of spatial properties of lineaments. The graphical user interface of Linfo allows the user to analyze the spatial properties of lineaments easily and shows the results in the form of rose diagrams. Linfo generates regular square grids over lineament data and calculates the number, length and intersections of lineaments that fall within each grid. In order to check its efficiency and accuracy, Linfo is validated by using lineament data of Kerala state, southwest India. A total of 175 lineaments were extracted from lineament map published by the Geological Survey of India and their spatial properties were determined using Linfo. An experimental results show that, Linfo is effective in calculating lineament parameters such as density, frequency and intersection density using the text data of SRI line shapefile as an input.

A Note on XXII International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Congress, Melbourne 2012, Australia

climate change which have played a major role (when India separated from Gondwanaland). Most tropical biota were evolved during the K/T boundary (66 m.y.). Cretaceous to early Paleogene was the warmest time and no ice caps were found. Quaternary was characterized by repeated glacial and interglacial cycles. During the Cretaceous period warm water currents and sea floor spreading took place. Due to massive volcanic activity, CO2, SiO2 and supply of nutrients were more in oceans. Extinction of dinosaurs and origin of mammals due to 95% of calcareous primary productivity took place during this time. She also explained about the grasses in Cretaceous (65 m.y.) due to special photosynthetic pathway and Gondwanatherian mammals adopted to eating abrasive grasses as revealed by grass phytoliths. Archaeological and paleoecological studies have also revealed dietary habits of animals during this time. Rice cuticles from Cretaceous (grass remains and grass pollens) revealed that mammal teeth adopted for grass eating. Tropical paleobiodiversity from pollen (Palaeocene to Eocene) from the coal and lignite deposits can be comparable with the Western Ghat species (Diptercorpus pollen). She stressed the importance of palaeo-botanical studies in understanding the past climatic conditions and evolution of life. The symposium was attended by the students of summer research fellows of all the three academies in India (Indian Academy of Sciences, Indian National Science Academy and National Academy of Sciences, India), fellows of the Academy, teachers and students from different science colleges. Participants had glimpses of early history of the earth, evolution and early climate. Specimens of dinosaur eggs, rodents teeth, shells, calcite mineral and fossil trilobites were shown.