Vladimir Zinov

The system of measurable indicators for scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation: methodology and design

The vectors for the transformation of scientific-technological and industrial policy pursued by industrially developed countries in the post-crisis period between 2011 and 2016 are analyzed. It is shown that the economic reindustrialization strategy has been selected by the United States and the European Union as the main vector for the modernization of scientific and technological policy, limiting the export of the most advanced breakthrough technologies outside the leading countries. It is argued that the scientific and technological internationalization trend has been increasingly replaced by the policy of “technological colonization.” A system of measurable indicators for scientific and technological areas is proposed. It allows one to compare, rank, and justifiably select the most promising scientific and technological areas for the development of new industries in the Russian Federation involving minimum risks and barriers. The results of the testing of the system are presented. Using the system of measurable indicators is expected to provide evidence for decision making for concentrating intellectual, financial, organizational, and infrastructural resources on the development of priority areas that are key to addressing the large challenges facing the Russian Federation.

Breakthrough scientific research areas: Formalization of the concept and status validation criteria

The concept of “breakthrough research areas” is formalized. Based on the analysis of scientific and technological information, the system of quantitative criteria and indicators is developed in order to objectify the process of granting “breakthrough” status to a particular line of research. The unjustified recognition of a number of new research areas as breakthrough, which delays the development of such areas and, thus, poses the risk of losing technological leadership of the Russian Federation, is shown.