W. Bronger
RWTH Aachen University
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Featured researches published by W. Bronger.
Journal of Alloys and Compounds | 1995
W. Bronger; U. Ruschewitz; P. Müller
Abstract The compounds K 3 Fe 2 S 4 , Rb 3 Fe 2 S 4 and Cs 3 Fe 2 S 4 were synthesized by reaction of the respective alkali metal carbonate with iron and sulphur in a hydrogen stream charged with sulphur at 930 K. The crystal structures of these mixed-valent compounds were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (space group: Pnma , Z = 4). The characteristic structural unit of these sulphides is a ∞ 1 [FeS 4/2 ] zig-zag chain of edge-sharing, iron-centred sulphur tetrahedra. K 3 Fe 2 S 4 and Rb 3 Fe 2 S 4 are isotypic with Na 3 Fe 2 S 4 , whereas the structure of Cs 3 Fe 2 S 4 shows significant differences. Cs 3 Fe 2 S 4 is directly converted by water into CsFeS 2 via oxidation of the iron ions and the evolution of hydrogen.
Journal of Alloys and Compounds | 1993
W. Bronger; K. Jansen; G. Auffermann
Abstract The ternary ruthenium hydride Mg 3 RuH 6 was successfully prepared by reacting magnesium or magnesium hydride with ruthenium under a hydrogen pressure of 90 bar. The structure of the rusty brown product was determined by X-ray investigations on powdered samples and elastic neutron powder diffraction experiments on the deuterated compound. Mg 3 RuH 6 crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Cmcm. The atomic arrangement contains two differently bonded types of hydrogen atoms. One forms complex ruthenium-hydrogen anions, whereas the other is surrounded exclusively by magnesium cations. The relationship with the magnesium-ruthenium hydrides Mg 2 RuH 4 and Mg 2 RuH 6 is discussed.
Journal of Alloys and Compounds | 1995
W. Bronger; G. Auffermann
Abstract The ternary sodium platinum hydride Na 2 PtH 6 was prepared via the reaction of sodium hydride with platinum sponge at 770 K and 1500–1800 bar hydrogen pressure. Its structure was determined by X-ray investigations of powdered samples in the temperature range 295–9 K and a neutron diffraction experiment on the deuterated compound at room temperature. The atomic arrangement in Na 2 PtH 6 is isotypic with that of K 2 PtCl 6 . These results show that platinum could be oxidized under high hydrogen pressure up to oxidation state 4+.
Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie | 1999
J. Huster; W. Bronger
α- und β-BaCu2S2, wie auch die entsprechenden isotypen Selenide, wurden bei 480 °C in einer Kaliumthio- beziehungsweise Kaliumselenocyanatschmelze als Kristalle erhalten. Die Darstellung des goldgelben α-BaCu2S2 war bisher in reiner Form nicht gelungen [1]. Einkristallstrukturuntersuchungen von allen vier Substanzen bestatigen die schon bekannte Struktur der α-Modifikation und den fur die β-Modifikation vermuteten BaZn2P2-Strukturtyp. β-BaCu2Se2 wurde zum ersten Mal hergestellt. Die α-Modifikation von BaCu2S2 wandelt sich bei 540 (±10) °C irreversibel in die β-Modifkation um. Die Strukturverwandtschaft zwischen den beiden Strukturtypen wird beschrieben. α-BaCu2S2 ist diamagnetisch, wahrend fur β-BaCu2S2 ein schwacher temperaturunabhangiger Paramagnetismus gefunden wurde. α- and β-BaCu2X2 (X ≙ S, Se) – Preparation of Single Crystals in Potassium Chalcogenocyanate Fluxes α- and β-BaCu2S2, as well as the isotypic selenides, could be obtained in a flux of potassiumthio- or potassiumselenocyanate at 480 °C, respectively. Up to now only the preparation of the golden yellow α-BaCu2S2 compound in the form of some crystals is reported [1]. Single crystal four-circle diffractometer data confirm the already known structure of α-BaCu2S2 and α-BaCu2Se2, and the expected BaZn2P2 structure type for the β-modification of the two chalcogenides. β-BaCu2Se2 could be prepared for the first time. α-BaCu2S2 transforms irreversibly at 540 (±10) °C into the β-modification. The structural relationship between the two structure types is described. α-BaCu2S2 is diamagnetic, β-BaCu2S2, on the other hand, shows a small, temperature-independent paramagnetism.
Journal of Alloys and Compounds | 1992
W. Bronger; U. Ruschewitz; P. Müller
Abstract Cs 3 FeS 3 was prepared by the reaction of caesium carbonate with iron and sulphur in a stream of hydrogen at 825 K, and isolated as glossy green crystals. Structural investigations revealed an atomic arrangement whose characteristic units are [Fe 2 S 6 ] double tetrahedra. The temperature dependence of the magnetic susceptibilities is consistent with a medium spin state of the Fe(III) ions ( S =3/2). Corresponding susceptibility data were obtained for the binuclear compounds Na 3 FeS 3 and Na 3 FeSe 3 . In the sequence from the mononuclear [FeS 4 ] complex to the ∞ 1 [FeS 4/2 ] chain the moments in the binuclear complexes represent a connecting link showing the transition from molecular to collective bonding.
Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie | 1999
W. Bronger; H. S. Genin; Paul Müller
Die ternaren Selenide K3FeSe3 und K3Fe2Se4 konnten uber Schmelzreaktionen aus Kaliumcarbonat, Eisen und Selen in einem mit Selen beladenen Wasserstoffstrom bei 695 °C beziehungsweise bei 710–730 °C dargestellt werden. Rontgenographische Untersuchungen an Einkristallen fuhrten zur Aufklarung der Kristallstrukturen. Die Atomanordnung der Verbindung K3FeSe3 ist durch [Fe2Se6]-Doppeltetraeder charakterisiert, die durch die Kaliumionen isoliert werden (Raumgruppe P21/c, Z = 4). In der gemischtvalenten Verbindung K3Fe2Se4 bilden kantenverknupfte durch Eisenatome zentrierte Selentetraeder Zick-Zack-Ketten, die wiederum durch Kaliumionen separiert werden (Raumgruppe Pnma, Z = 4). K3FeSe3 and K3Fe2Se4, Two New Compounds in the System K/Fe/Se The two selenides K3FeSe3 and K3Fe2Se4 were synthesised by fusion reactions of potassium carbonate with iron and selenium in a stream of hydrogen charged with selenium at 695 °C and 710–730 °C, respectively. The crystal structures were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffractometer data. The atomic arrangement of K3FeSe3 is characterised by edge sharing [Fe2Se6] double tetrahedra separated by potassium ions (space group P21/c, Z = 4). The characteristic structural unit of the mixed-valent compound K3Fe2Se4 is a zig-zag chain of edge-sharing, iron-centred selenium tetrahedra, again separated by potassium ions (space group Pnma, Z = 4).
Journal of Alloys and Compounds | 1991
W. Bronger; Paul Müller; J. Kowalczyk; Gudrun Auffermann
Zusammenfassung Die Synthese des ternaren Rhodiumhydrids Li3RhH4 gelingt durch Umsetzung von Lithiumhydrid mit Leinverteiltem Rhodium in einer hochreinen Wasserstoffatmosphare. Rontgenographische Untersuchungen an pulverformigen Proben und ein elastisches Neutronenbeugungsexperiment an der deuterierten Verbindung fuhrten zur Strukturaufklarung. Charakteristisch fur die orthorhombische Struktur (Raumgruppe: Cmcm; a=3,883(1) A b=9,022(2) A ; c=8,891(2) A ; Z=4 ) sind planare [RhH4]3--Baueinheiten. Die kurzen Abstande zwischen den Baugruppen weisen auf Wechselwirkungen zwischen den Rhodiumatomen hin.
Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie | 1998
A. Dascoulidou; P. Müller; W. Bronger
Neutronenbeugungsexperimente fuhrten zur Bestimmung antiferromagnetischer Momentanordnungen in den Verbindungen MgMnGe, CaMnSi, CaMnGe, CaMnSn, SrMnGe, SrMnSn und BaMnGe. Fur die Verbindungen MgMnGe, CaMnSi, CaMnGe und CaMnSn wurde eine Spinanordnung gefunden, die sich in der kristallographischen Elementarzelle beschreiben last. Fur SrMnGe, SrMnSn und BaMnGe ergibt sich eine Verdopplung der c-Achse. Die Shubnikov-Gruppen sind P4′/n′m′m bzw. P4′/n′cc′. Die gemessenen magnetischen Momente der Manganatome liegen deutlich unter dem fur ein Mn2+-Ion zu erwartenden Wert. Ternary Manganese Compounds AMnX (A ≙ Mg, Ca, Sr or Ba; X ≙ Si, Ge or Sn): Characterization of the Magnetic Properties by Neutron Diffraction Experiments Neutron diffraction experiments led to the determination of the antiferromagnetic spin structures of MgMnGe, CaMnSi, CaMnGe, CaMnSn, SrMnGe, SrMnSn, and BaMnGe. For the compounds MgMnGe, CaMnSi, CaMnGe, and CaMnSn an arrangement was found that can be described in the crystallographic cell; in the case of SrMnGe, SrMnSn, and BaMnGe the c-axes have to be doubled. The Shubnikov-groups are P4′/n′m′m and P4′/n′cc′, respectively. The magnetic moments of the maganese atoms are significantly below those values to be expected for Mn2+ ions.
Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie | 1999
W. Bronger; A. Donike; D. Schmitz
Es wird uber die Darstellung und Einkristallstrukturbestimmung der ternaren Selenide K3SbSe3, Rb3SbSe3 und Cs3SbSe3 berichtet. Die Synthese gelingt durch Umsetzungen von Sb2O3 mit dem entsprechenden Alkalicarbonat in einem mit Selen beladenen Wasserstoffstrom im Temperaturbereich zwischen 750 °C und 800 °C. Die Verbindungen kristallisieren im Na3AsS3-Strukturtyp. Ein Vergleich der Strukturdaten mit denen der isotypen Arsen- und Bismutverbindungen ermoglicht Einblicke in die sterische Wirksamkeit der freien Elektronenpaare. K3SbSe3, Rb3SbSe3, and Cs3SbSe3 – Synthesis and Crystal Structure The compounds K3SbSe3, Rb3SbSe3 and Cs3SbSe3 were synthesized by heating mixtures of Sb2O3 and an alkalicarbonate in a stream of hydrogen saturated by selenium in a temperature range between 750 °C and 800 °C. The compounds crystallize isostructural with Na3AsS3. A comparison of atomic distances and bond angles with those of the isostructural arsenic and bismuth compounds shows the effect of lone pairs.
Journal of Alloys and Compounds | 1994
W. Bronger; M. Loevenich; D. Schmitz
Abstract The ternary sulphide Cs 6 Re 6 S 12 was prepared by combination of caesium carbonate with rhenium in a sulphur-charged argon stream at 800 °C. X-Ray investigations of single crystals revealed a two-dimensional layered structure which is novel in the field of ternary rhenium chalcogenides. The compound contains [Re 6 S 8 ] units linked by monosulphide bridges in accordance with the formula {[Re 6 S 8 ]S 2 S 4/2 } −6 . An analogous linkage of [M 6 X 8 ]-type units is known in MoCl 2 .