W. Wayne Price

Key to the shallow water Mysidacea of the Texas coast with notes on their ecology

An illustrated key is presented for the shallow water mysid shrimp of the Texas coast. Six genera and 10 species are included. Information concerning the distribution, ecology, reproductive biology, and morphology of the species in Texas waters is given.

LIFE HISTORY OF GLOSSOBIUS HEMIRAMPHI (ISOPODA: CYMOTHOIDAE): DEVELOPMENT, REPRODUCTION, AND SYMBIOSIS WITH ITS HOST HEMIRAMPHUS BRASILIENSIS (PISCES: HEMIRAMPHIDAE)

Abstract This research examines the life cycle of the parasitic cymothoid isopod Glossobius hemiramphi and its role as a symbiont with its fish host, ballyhoo (Hemiramphus brasiliensis). Samples of H. brasiliensis were collected from July 1997 to October 1998 in nearshore waters of south Florida. Fish were randomly culled from a commercial lampara net fishery, and independent of the fishery, fish were collected with cast nets or hook and line. The average parasite prevalence was 10.1%, observed in 2,928 fish collected year round. Monthly prevalence ranged from 4.6 to 18.2% and was highest in the summer on small young-of-the-year fish. Prevalence declined with fish size from a high of 38.0% for fish 11-16 cm to a low of 3.3% for fish 28-29 cm. Ovigerous females were observed throughout the year and no within-brood mortality was evident. Marsupiumites developed through five distinct ontogenetic stages, and the final marsupial stage (manca) was likely immediately infestive upon release. Diminutive males (2.8-12.4 mm) were attached to the hosts gill arches, and larger females (16.9-35.6 mm) occupied the buccal cavity. Only a single fish older than age-1 was infested. These results indicate that Glossobius hemiramphi is a protandric hermaphrodite with an annual life cycle. There was no evidence of a parasitic effect on the host fish condition (weight-length), but we cannot exclude the possibility that infested fish have a higher mortality rate than uninfested fish, at least temporarily (∼1 year).

Global diversity of mysids (Crustacea-Mysida) in freshwater

In this article we present a biogeographical assessment of species diversity within the Mysida (Crustacea: Malacostraca: Peracarida) from inland waters. Inland species represent 6.7% (72 species) of mysid diversity. These species represent three of the four families within the Mysida (Lepidomysidae, Stygiomysidae, and Mysidae) and are concentrated in the Palaearctic and Neotropical regions. The inland mysid species distributional patterns can be explained by four main groups representing different freshwater invasion routes: (1) Subterranean Tethyan relicts (24 spp.); (2) Autochthonous Ponto-Caspian endemics (20 spp.); (3) Mysis spp. ‘Glacial Relicts’ (8 spp.); and (4) Euryhaline estuarine species (20 spp.). The center of inland mysid species diversity is the Ponto-Caspian region, containing 24 species, a large portion of which are the results of a radiation in the genus Paramysis.

Shallow-water Mysida (Crustacea: Mysidacea) of Bahrain (Arabian Gulf): species composition, abundance and life history characteristics of selected species

Mysida were collected from Tubli Bay and the eastern coastline of Bahrain during 1991–1992 incidental to a survey of penaeid prawns. These samples provided an opportunity to assess the species composition of mysids from a nearshore region of the Arabian Gulf—an area in which mysid fauna is poorly known. The 114 beam trawl samples yielded >29 000 mysids. Rhopalophthalmus sp. (>90%), Siriella brevicaudata (5%), Kainomatomysis foxi (1.2%), Siriella sp. A (0.9%) and Indomysis annandalei (0.6%) were the most abundant of 11 species identified. Basic life history variables (carapace length, life stage, brood size) were measured for these five taxa.

Setal morphology of the grooming appendages of Macrobrachium rosenbergii (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea: Palaemonidae) and review of decapod setal classification

Setae are vital in grooming activities and aiding in the removal of epibionts and sedimentary fouling from the body surfaces of decapod crustaceans. Thus, the setal structures and their arrangement on the grooming appendages and sensory structures of the commercially important shrimp, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, were examined using scanning electron microscopy. Macrobrachium rosenbergii is extensively grown in aquaculture and exhibits unique male morphological forms, termed morphotypes. The three male morphotypes are termed blue‐clawed males, orange‐clawed males, and small‐clawed or undifferentiated males and all three differ in their dominance, behavior, body morphology, and reproductive success. Seven setal types, two of which have never been described in the literature, are identified on the grooming appendages (third maxillipeds, first, second, and fifth pereopods) and antennae: simple, serrate, serrulate, spiniform, pappose, crinoid, and spinulate. The latter two setae are newly identified. Certain setal types, such as serrate and serrulate setae were located and associated with specific grooming appendages such as the first pereopods. The types of setae on the grooming appendages varied among females and male morphotypes and the novel setal types (crinoid and spinulate) were found only on two of the male morphotypes. A literature review of terminology related to the structure of setae and setal types in decapod crustaceans is offered as the usage of various terms is ambiguous and conflicting in the literature. The intention of this review is to provide future authors with a comprehensive collection of terms and images that can be used to describe various aspects of setal morphology in decapods. J. Morphol. 275:634–649, 2014.

Shallow Water Mysids

The mysid fauna of Costa Rica is understudied and poorly known. Only five species, four from the Pacific and one from the Caribbean, are currently known. Based on our preliminary observations, species richness for mysids along the Costa Rican Caribbean coast may be similar to the 22 species reported from the Panamanian Caribbean coast. The diversity of mysids from the Pacific coast of Costa Rica should greatly exceed the species reported to date and many of the species from this area may be new to science. An intensive survey of the Costa Rican Mysida is needed to properly determine the diversity, endemicity, and zoogeography of this group in Costa Rican waters.

Occurrence of Mysidopsis Almyra (Mysidacea, Mysidae) On the East Coast of Florida, U.S.a

tification of the specimens. This constitutes the first report of M. almyra from the Atlantic coast. The previously known geographic range of M. almyra was confined to the Gulf of Mexico, extending from the southwestern Everglades, Florida (Bowman, 1964; Brattegard, 1969, 1970; Odum & Heald, 1972) to Laguna de Tamiahua, a lagoon between Tampico and Tuxpan, Mexico (Price, unpublished). Mysidopsis almyra is one of the most abundant mysid species in the estuarine waters of the Gulf of Mexico (Conte & Parker, 1971; Darnell, 1958; Mackin, 1971; Odum & Heald, 1972; Price, unpubl.), and further collections will prob ably find it common along the east coast of southern Florida. Neomysis americana (S. I. Smith) is the most common mysid in the shallow marine waters of the Atlantic coast of North America, extending from the Gulf of St. Lawrence to St. Augustine, Florida (Williams, Bowman & Damkaer, 1974). Williams et al. (1974) speculated that it may range southward to Cape Canaveral, Florida which is south of the present collection of M. almyra. Thus, this M. almyra range exten sion shows a probable overlap of the distribution of these species. Further in vestigations within this probable area of sympatry should more precisely define niche differences between the two wide ranging species.

Crustacea of the Cayman Islands, British West Indies II. Heteromysis (Olivemysis) ebanksae, a new species (Mysida: Mysidae) from Little Cayman and Grand Cayman Islands

ABSTRACT During a survey of the marine Crustacea of the Cayman Islands, Heteromysis ebanksae, new species was discovered in depths of 1–3 m adjacent to Little Cayman Island and from North Sound, Grand Cayman Island. The new species, which belongs to the subgenus Olivemysis Băcescu, 1968, collected from live bottom and sea grass habitats, is distinguished from other closely related species in the western Atlantic by differences in the setation of thoracic endopod 3, male pleopod 4 and the telson. Heteromysis ebanksae has 2–9 flagellated spiniform setae on male pleopod 4, 6–10 spinules along the anterior half of the telsonic cleft, and each apical lobe of the telson has a pair of spiniform setae, the outer 1.2 times longer than the inner. A diagnostic table separating the new species from H. actinae Clarke, 1955, H. bermudensis G. O. Sars, 1885 and H. floridensis Brattegard, 1969 is presented.