Wagner Mauricio Pachekoski

Thermal, mechanical and morphological properties of poly (hydroxybutyrate) and polypropylene blends after processing

The ever increasing accumulation of plastic waste in the environment has motivated research on polymers that degrade rapidly after being discarded as possible substitutes for conventional inert plastics. Biodegradable polymers can be an alternative, since they have non-toxic residual products and low environmental permanence. Poly (hydroxybutyrate) is a biodegradable polymer with a strong potential for industrial purposes, but its thermal instability and fragility limit its applications. Thus, an alternative to improve the processability and properties of poly (hydroxybutyrate) is to mix it with another polymer, not necessarily a biodegradable one. In this work, different mixtures of poly(hydroxybutyrate) or PHB and polypropylene or PP were extruded and injected. After processing, the blends were studied and their miscibility, mechanical properties and degradability in different soils were analyzed. The main results indicated that the PHB/PP blends had better mechanical properties than pure PHB, as well as improved immiscibility and higher degradation in alkaline soil. The poly-hydroxybutyrate/polypropylene blends showed a tendency for lower crystallinity and stiffness of the polymer matrix, proportional to the amount of polypropylene in the blends, rendering them less stiff and fragile. The degradation tests showed that both pure PHB and blends with 90% PHB and 10% PP were degraded, with loss of their mechanical properties and weight.

Influência da adição de amido de mandioca na biodegradação da blenda polimérica PHBV/Ecoflex®

Plastic materials produced from petrochemicals are widely used due to their versatility, mechanical properties and low cost, but they cause environmental impact as a consequence of the accumulation of great amount of these conventional synthetic polymers. The problems caused by the waste disposal of these plastics have motivated the development, production and application of biodegradable polymers; however these polymers have high costs and non-suitable mechanical and physical properties. Therefore, a study of polymeric compounds made of poly(hydroxyburyrate-co-valerate) - PHBV, poly(butylyneadiapate-therefhtalate) - Ecoflex® and cassava starch has been done. This polymeric compound was evaluated using Melt Flow Index (MFI), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), mechanical and biodegradation tests. The results indicate that the cassava starch acts as an inert filler, and that there is no significant adhesion between cassava starch and PHBV/Ecoflex®. More importantly, adding cassava led to good biodegradation results. This study therefore demonstrates that it is possible to obtain viable materials for short-term applications, with adequate physical and mechanical properties and excellent biodegradation results.