Waid Rogers

Angioplasty and stenting of completely occluded iliac arteries

Percutaneous angioplasty and placement of balloon-expandable intraluminal stents were performed in 12 iliac occlusions in 12 patients. Indications were limb salvage in seven and claudication in five. After successful stenting, ankle-brachial indexes improved by 0.15 or more in 11 of 12 patients (mean increase, 0.40), transstenotic pressure gradients decreased to less than 5 mm Hg (mean, 0.58 mm Hg) in all patients, and improvement in clinical grade was seen in all patients. At follow-up at 1-14 months (median, 6 months), ankle-brachial indexes were stable (mean, 0.95), and clinical grades were unchanged in all patients. Complications occurred in two patients; both experienced distal embolization, and one, who was receiving corticosteroid therapy, also suffered stent thrombosis. Local surgical embolectomy was successful in both patients, and the thrombosed stent was recanalized with urokinase. This early experience suggests that stenting may play an important role in the management of iliac occlusions, especially in poor surgical candidates.

Responses of hepatoma-bearing rats to total parenteral hyperalimentation and to ad libitum feeding

Abstract BUF rats with a transplantable Morris hepatoma No. 7777 were given three feeding regimens, (i) solid food ad libitum, (ii) total parenteral hyperalimentation, and (iii) liquid diet ad libitum. Those rats on solid or liquid food ad libitum undergo body weight loss or cancer cachexia with decreased food intake. Total parenteral hyperalimentation prevented the loss in body weight but stimulated tumor growth when compared to those fed ad libitum. Although there was no significant difference in survival time in the tumorous rats in the different feeding groups, the parenterally fed rats appeared to die with fluid overload while the ad libitum fed rats died of inanition or starvation.

Total intravenous hyperalimentation and hydroxyurea chemotherapy in hepatoma-bearing rats☆

Abstract Thirty-six hepatoma- (Morris #7777) bearing rats were randomized into three groups which received: (i) hydroxyurea (HU) every 6 hr and intravenous hyperalimentation (IVH), (ii) HU every 6 hr and an oral liquid diet ad libitum , and (iii) no chemotherapy and solid food ad libitum . Combining IVH and HU chemotherapy caused: (i) greater and more rapid tumor regression, (ii) shorter survival time, and (iii) a disturbance in fluid balance involving fluid retention. Histopathology revealed that HU at 0.75 mg/g of body weight was cytotoxic and cytostatic to rapidly renewing cell populations and that 2 days of HU treatment (injections every 6 hr) caused disruption of the intestinal epithelium, depletion of cells in splenic nodules, and was cytotoxic and cytostatic to proliferative tumor cells. However, many apparently viable hepatoma cells remained in animals treated with HU for 2 days. Under the experimental conditions used here, the combination of IVH and cancer chemotherapy appeared to have both good and bad aspects. Obviously more research is needed in this important area.

Retinyl palmitate and ascorbic acid inhibit pulmonary neoplasms in mice exposed to fiberglass dust.

Abstract The influence of retinyl palmitate and ascorbic acid on the susceptibility of respiratory tract epithelium to the metaplastogenic, hyperplastogenic and tumorigenic effects of a 30‐day exposure to fiberglass dust was tested in 60 male A‐strain mice. Administration of retinyl palmitate or ascorbic acid, or both, significantly inhibited the development of metaplastic, hyperplastic and neoplastic lesions in these mice.

Susceptibility of BALB/cGnDu Mice to Transplantable Tumors, in vitro Transformed Cells, BK and SV40 Viruses, and Chemical Carcinogens

Various oncogenic agents were employed in tumor susceptibility studies of an inbred subline of BALB/cGn mice, BALB/cGnDu, which carries a mutant gene that results in spontaneous thymic involution in homozygous recessive individuals. Of 18 transplantable tumors, 3 in vitro transformed cell lines, 2 oncogenic papovaviruses and 3 chemical carcinogens evaluated, only the Harding-Passey amelanotic melanoma produced tumors in 100% of the normal adult mice injected. The S180 pleomorphic sarcoma produced tumors in 56% of normal adult mice. Although not tumorigenic in adults, the mKSA, Morris (rat) hepatoma No. 7777, and a human papovavirus - transformed human cell induced mouse tumor line [GI110(BK) B6D2 Tu] formed tumors in 100, 62 and 70%, respectively, of recipients inoculated as neonates. SV40 and human papovavirus BK virions, as well as sV40, BK, and spontaneous in vitro transformed BALB/cGnDu cells were not tumorigenic. Although the histocompatibility antigens of these animals have not been studied, no correlations could be made between the tumor susceptibility of these animals with regard to the commonly employed inbred line BALB/c nor with regard to the range of host susceptibility of the transplantable tumors. This inbred subline represents a new strain of mice whose genetic defect makes it useful for transplantation immunology and physiological genetics.

Total Parenteral Nutrition for Maintenance of Growth, Carcass Mass and Positive Nitrogen Balance in Rats with a Small Transplantable Tumor

This study evaluates the effects of 13 days of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) on body weight, carcass mass and nitrogen balance in rats with and without a transplanted Morris No. 7777 hepatoma. Groups of rats without a tumor as well as rats with a tumor of about 3% of body weight or less were shown to maintain carcass weight as well as maintain a positive nitrogen balance when fed totally by vein. The present experiment was done under the same conditions as a previously reported experiment except that the size of the tumor in the rats was considerably smaller. These past studies showed that as the hepatoma gets much larger than 3% of the body weight, it was inhibitory to carcass weight gain even when the rats were given TPN. Thus, the size of the tumor influences the ability of TPN to sustain carcass weight.