Wan Zurinah

Calcaneal Quantitative Ultrasound Value for Middle-Aged and Elderly Malaysian Chinese Men and Its Association With Age and Body Anthropometry

Quantitative ultrasound (QUS) is a relatively easy, reliable, and safe method for bone status assessment, but reference data for Asian males remain scarce. Our study aimed to determine the values for one QUS parameter, the speed of sound (SOS) at the calcaneus, in Malaysian Chinese men and to determine the association between the SOS and several demographic characteristics, such as age, weight, height, and body mass index. Three hundred forty-eight Malaysian Chinese men aged 40 yr and older were recruited, and their calcaneal QUS value was determined using the CM-200 densitometer (Furuno Electric, Nishinomiya City, Japan). The results indicated a significant correlation between SOS and age, and multiple stepwise regression analysis indicated that age and height were important predictors of SOS. A significant reduction in SOS value was observed when men 60 yr and older were compared with men aged 40-49 yr. Compared with the reference data for Japanese males, Chinese men in Malaysia showed higher SOS values across all the age groups studied. In conclusion, there is an age-related decrease in SOS values in Malaysian Chinese men, and the SOS values established in this study can be used as a reference for future studies.

Effect of ovariectomy and sex hormones replacement on tumour marker enzymes under administration of chemical carcinogens in the rat

The effect of ovariectomy and sex hormone/s replacement in female rats was investigated by the determination of the tumour marker enzymes gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). This was compared to ovariectomized rats receiving sex hormone replacement and treated with carcinogen. Ovariectomy significantly increased the activity of plasma GGT. Plasma and microsomal ALP and microsomal GGT were unchanged. When replacements of estrogen (E), or progesterone (Prog), or combinations of both estrogen and progesterone were given to ovariectomized rats, the activity of plasma GGT was brought to the level of normal intact females. Treatment with carcinogen increased the PGGT activities in intact rats. In ovariectomized rats receiving carcinogen, the PGGT activities were significantly lower than in intact females and rats receiving both hormone replacement and carcinogen (p < 0.01). Carcinogen treatment in case of estrogen or progesterone replacement, either individually or in combination, showed GGT activities comparable to intact females receiving carcinogen. Both plasma and microsomal ALP were not affected by carcinogen administration. These results showed that ovariectomy reduced the severity of hepatocarcinogenesis while sex hormone replacement worsened the process.

Does long term supplementation of Vitamin E cause detrimental effects on the central nervous system? Morphological and histological study in experimental male Wistar rats

AIM Aging is attributed to neuronal loss associated with increased oxidative stress. Vitamin E, and in particular, tocotrienol are potent antioxidants, which have been shown to be neuroprotective. The main aim of the present study was to observe the effect of long term intake of vitamin E in the form of tocotrienol rich fraction (TRF) and refined, bleached, deodorized palm olein (RBDPO) on the brain of experimental rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty male Wistar rats aged 3 months were either supplemented with TRF (dose of 200 mg/kg body weight), RBDPO (dose of 1 ml/kg body weight) or distilled water, continuously for 8 months. The animals were then examined in vivo for clinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies before being sacrificed. The brain was extracted, measured and studied for histological changes. RESULTS The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan of the lateral ventricle, cortical thickness of cingulate gyrus and hippocampus size did not show any significant changes in all three groups. The brain weight, length and width as well as histological sections of the brain showed no significant changes between the groups. CONCLUSION It is thereby concluded that chronic consumption of vitamin E was not detrimental to the central nervous system.