Wanderléia Quinhoneiro Blasca

Proposta para capacitação de agentes comunitários de saúde em saúde auditiv

TEMA: capacitacao de agentes comunitarios de saude na area de saude auditiva. OBJETIVO: verificar a efetividade de um programa de capacitacao de agentes comunitarios de saude do Programa de Saude da Familia, na area de saude auditiva infantil. METODO: a casuistica constou de dois grupos: grupo A foi constituido por 31 agentes comunitarios de saude da cidade de Bauru e, grupo B, formado por 75 agentes comunitarios de saude de Sorocaba, ambos municipios do Estado de Sao Paulo. A capacitacao foi realizada por meio de aulas expositivas para os dois grupos, contudo para o grupo A foi utilizado uma apostila adaptada da World Health Organization (2006), para que os agentes comunitarios de saude pudessem acompanhar as atividades realizadas de forma interativa. A capacitacao abordou os temas: audicao e deficiencia auditiva, tipos, prevencao e causas da deficiencia auditiva, tecnicas de identificacao e diagnostico da deficiencia auditiva e aspectos gerais da deficiencia auditiva. Para validar a capacitacao foi aplicado um questionario pre e pos-capacitacao com perguntas sobre os assuntos que foram abordados no decorrer do curso, a fim de analisar a assimilacao do conteudo ministrado. RESULTADOS: a capacitacao foi efetiva, com aumento no escore total obtido nos questionarios pre e pos-capacitacao. CONCLUSOES: os resultados comprovam a eficacia do programa de capacitacao com utilizacao de material e abordagem interativa proposto para os agentes comunitarios de saude dos Programas de Saude da Familia.

Capacitação de agentes comunitários de saúde em saúde auditiva: efetividade da videoconferência

BACKGROUND: training of Community Health Agents on hearing health through videoconference. AIM: to verify the effectiveness of a training program for community health agents, through videoconference, on child hearing health. METHOD: participants of the study were 50 professionals who were randomly divided in two groups: 31 community health agents were physically present in the training program and 19 participated via videoconference. Training was provided in eight hours, through classes and using specific material adapted from the Primary ear and hearing care training resource - basic, intermediate and advanced levels for both groups, simultaneously. Training was organized and evaluated according to a previous study. RESULTS: both groups presented a statistically significant difference when comparing pre and post training performances. However, for the group of community health agents who were physically present during the training program, this difference was higher not only when considering the final total scores but also when looking at the individual topics. CONCLUSION: videoconference was effective as a learning tool for the training of community health agents on child hearing health. However, this instrument should be used as a complementary material to the traditional form of training.

Telefonoaudiologia: Ciência e tecnologia em saúde

Background: distance learning (DL) is becoming a higher education modality with a meaningful impact. It offers students flexibility, mobility and choices. Also it can reach a greater number of professionals and students in a more effective way, when compared to other learning modalities, without losing quality. Brazil needs to develop direct actions to DL in the fields of Speech-Language Pathology and Hearing, due to its great continental territory (8,514,215.3Km²) and irregular distribution of professionals who work in these specific fields (i.e. this situation emphasizes the differences in quality and availability of services offered throughout the country). Heterogeneity in the quality and availability of services is also aggravated by the absence of a national strategy for continued education in order to recycle health professionals. This situation causes important differences in the knowledge and abilities of specialists from one region to the next. Aim: to present Telehealth studies in the field of Speech-Language Pathology and Hearing that were developed in the last five years. Conclusion: the analyzed data indicate that more studies are needed in this specific field. These studies should aim at improving the quality and access to services which in turn would improve prevention, diagnosis and treatment of communication disorders.

Processo de adaptação de aparelho de amplificação sonora individual: elaboração de um DVD para auxiliar a orientação a indivíduos idosos

PURPOSE: To study the difficulties faced by hearing impaired elderly patients related to the use of hearing aids, and to elaborate a didactic material on DVD, containing information about the use and handling of the hearing aid. METHODS: Ten elderly subjects, with ages ranging from 65 to 80 years, new users of hearing aids with mild to moderate sensorineural hearing loss participated in the study. After the adjustment period, a multiple choice questionnaire was applied to assess the difficulties they faced. RESULTS: Results showed that in the adaptation process with their hearing aids, elderly subjects have more difficulty to use and handle the apparatus and, mainly, to insert and remove the earmolds. Based on these results, a didactic material containing important information about using and handling hearing aids were elaborated on DVD. CONCLUSION: After considering the difficulties presented by hearing impaired elderly patients, it is important to emphasize the need for didactic material regarding orientation and adaptation of the hearing aids, in order to improve the use of amplification.

Novas tecnologias educacionais no ensino da Audiologia

OBJETIVO: elaborar, aplicar e avaliar um modelo de Teleducacao Interativa para o ensino da Audiologia, disciplina de Aparelhos de Amplificacao Sonora Individual. METODOS: participaram deste estudo 13 alunos do 2o ano do curso de Fonoaudiologia de uma universidade publica do municipio de Bauru-SP. O programa de Teleducacao Interativa foi elaborado, utilizando um tutor eletronico, o Cybertutor. Os participantes receberam uma senha de acesso ao conteudo teorico da disciplina. O prazo estabelecido foi de 30 dias, sendo que o aluno poderia acessar quantas vezes julgasse necessario. Para a avaliacao do programa foi realizada a aplicacao de dois questionarios, sendo um referente ao conteudo didatico-teorico da disciplina de Aparelhos de Amplificacao Sonora Individual e outro referente ao objeto de aprendizagem utilizado (Cybertutor). O questionario didatico-teorico avaliou a efetividade do programa na aprendizagem do aluno e foi aplicado em dois momentos distintos, ou seja, pre e pos-teste. O questionario referente ao Cybertutor abordou aspectos de aceitacao, viabilidade e interatividade. Para a analise dos resultados foi utilizado o teste Wilcoxon (p < 0,05) e dados percentuais. RESULTADOS: a diferenca estatisticamente significante encontrada na comparacao pre e pos-teste com p=0,016, demonstra que o Cybertutor proporcionou o aprendizado do aluno de graduacao na area da Audiologia, disciplina de Aparelho de Amplificacao Sonora Individual. Quanto a avaliacao do Cybertutor, verificou-se que 100% dos alunos consideram-no explicativo, e de facil entendimento. CONCLUSAO: o programa de Teleducacao Interativa mostrou-se efetivo como material educacional no processo ensino-aprendizagem da Audiologia.

Opinião dos agentes comunitários de saúde sobre o uso da videoconferência na capacitação em saúde auditiva infantil

RESUMOObjetivo: avaliar a videoconferencia como ferramenta instrucional na capacitacao dos agentes comu-nitarios de saude, em saude auditiva infantil, sob a perspectiva destes profissionais. Metodologia: a casuistica foi composta por 50 agentes comunitarios de saude, divididos aleatoriamente em dois gru-pos de acordo com a metodologia de ensino: 31 profissionais participaram da capacitacao de forma presencial e 19 por meio de videoconferencia. A atividade ocorreu em um encontro de oito horas, por meio de aulas expositivas e utilizando material didatico adaptado e validado para o portugues pro-posto pela Organizacao Mundial da Saude de forma simultânea para ambos os grupos. A avaliacao da videoconferencia como ferramenta instrucional foi realizada por meio de questionario elaborado para o presente estudo. Resultados: a avaliacao da videoconferencia foi muito semelhante em ambos os grupos, sendo que a ferramenta de ensino foi considerada como de facil entendimento e permitindo a interacao com o ministrante. Conclusao: a videoconferencia foi uma ferramenta valida e aceita pelos profissionais estudados para ser utilizada em programas de capacitacao em saude auditiva infantil.DESCRITORES: Videoconferencia; Capacitacao; Saude da Familia; Perda Auditiva

Perfil de usuários de AASI com fissura labiopalatina

Afissura labiopalatina, por provocar alteracoes nas estruturas do labio e do palato, pode causar comprometimento auditivo, devido as otites medias recorrentes. O tratamento mais adequado e controverso, podendo ser indicado o uso de antibioticos e insercao do tubo de ventilacao, ou o acompanhamento otorrinolaringologico, audiologico e reabilitacao aural, com uso de aparelho de amplificacao sonora individual (AASI). OBJETIVO: Caracterizar o perfil dos pacientes com fissura labiopalatina e deficiencia auditiva, adaptados com AASI e acompanhados pelo setor de Otorrinolaringologia e Fonoaudiologia de um hospital especializado em anomalias craniofaciais e deficiencia auditiva. Estudo Retrospectivo. MATERIAL E METODO: Analise retrospectiva de 131 prontuarios de pacientes com fissura labiopalatina operada e deficiencia auditiva, adaptados com AASI pelo referido centro. RESULTADOS: O perfil geral (n=131) caracterizou-se pela predominância do genero feminino (53%), fissura transforame incisivo unilateral (27%), presenca de anomalias associadas (51%), historico de alteracoes de orelha media (56%) e intervencao cirurgica (56%). CONCLUSAO: O perfil geral dos pacientes com fissura labiopalatina e deficiencia auditiva, adaptados com AASI, caracterizou-se pela predominância da fissura de labio e palato, historico positivo de alteracao de orelha media, intervencao cirurgica e deficiencia auditiva sensorioneural bilateral.

Correlation between the characteristics of resonance and aging of the external ear

PURPOSE Aging causes changes in the external ear as a collapse of the external auditory canal and tympanic membrane senile. Knowing them is appropriate for the diagnosis of hearing loss and selection of hearing aids. For this reason, the study aimed to verify the influence of the anatomical changes of the external ear resonance in the auditory canal in the elderly. METHODS The sample consisted of objective measures of the external ear of elderly with collapse (group A), senile tympanic membrane (group B) and without changing the external auditory canal or tympanic membrane (group C) and adults without changing the external ear (group D). In the retrospective/clinical study were performed comparisons of measures of individuals with and without alteration of the external ear through the gain and response external ear resonant frequency and the primary peak to the right ear. RESULTS In groups A, B and C was no statistically significant difference between Real Ear Unaided Response (REUR) and Real Ear Unaided Gain (REUG), but not for the peak frequency. For groups A and B were shown significant differences in REUR and REUG. Between the C and D groups were significant statistics to the REUR and REUG, but not for the frequency of the primary peak. CONCLUSION Changes influence the external ear resonance, decreasing its amplitude. However, the frequency of the primary peak is not affected.

Modelo de educação em saúde auditiva

Purpose: this study intend to show a pattern of education in hearing health with Interactive Teleducation developed by the Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology Department of FOB-USP, emphasizing the importance of creating educational materials at the proposal of professional education and education to the patient in Audiology area.Method: it was created a pattern of hearing health education based on the Interactive Teleducation from the union of information about the projects developed and the chronologic survey of the objects of apprenticeship elaboration.Results: the results showed the Interactive Tele-education on the creation of an apprenticeship network by the develop of educational materials, capacitating courses, websites and educational projects, involving students of graduation and post graduation courses and the community.Conclusion: all the developed proposals with Interactive Teleducation characterized a work that has being improved alongside the years focusing making the knowledge hierarchal, on which the importance must be centered in the multiplication of knowledge, apprenticeship and Hearing Health Education.

Health promotion in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.

Introduction Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), which is commonly underdiagnosed, has a high occurrence in the world population. Health education concerning sleep disorders and OSAS should be implemented. Objectives The objective was to identify studies related to preventive actions on sleep disorders, with emphasis on OSAS. Data Synthesis A literature review was conducted using Lilacs, Medline, PubMed, and Scopus by combining the following keywords: “Health Promotion,” “Sleep Disorders,” “Primary Prevention,” “Health Education,” and “Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndromes.” Initially, 1,055 papers, from 1968 to 2013, were located, with the majority from the Scopus database. The inclusion criteria were applied, and four articles published between 2006 and 2012 were included in the present study. Conclusions The studies on preventive actions in sleep disorders, with emphasis on OSAS, involved the general population and professionals and students in the health field and led to increased knowledge on sleep disorders and more appropriate practices.