Wang Da-hui

Photoelectrocatalytic degradation of phenol using a TiO2/Ni thin-film electrode

As a new type of photoelectrode, TiO2/Ni thin-film electrode was prepared by dip-coating technique. The structural and surface morphology of electrode was examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Effects of initial phenol concentration, pH value, number of film layers, voltage of electrical bias applied, variation of inorganic salt type and types of dissolved gas on the photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) degradation of phenol using ultraviolet (UV) illuminated TiO2/Ni thin-film electrode were investigated. The mechanism of PEC degradation of phenol was also studied by analyzing reaction intermediates.

Modeling of mass transfer characteristics of bubble column reactor with surfactant present

Danckwerts method was used to determine the specific interfacial area,a, and the individual mass transfer coefficient,kL, during absorption of CO2 in a bubble column with an anionic surfactant in the carbonate-bicarbonate buffer solution and NaAsO2 as catalyst, the presence of which decreases the specific interfacial area and the individual mass transfer coefficient. The specific interfacial area and the individual mass transfer coefficient increase with increasing superficial gas velocity. The specific interfacial area decreases whereas the individual mass transfer coefficient increases with increasing temperature. The results of experiments were used to determine the dependence ofa, kL, andkLa on the surface tension, the temperature of the absorption phase, and the superficial velocity of the gas. The calculated results from the correlation were found to be within 10% deviation from the actual experimental results.

Effects of surfactant on biodesulfurization by Corynebacterium sp. ZD-1 in the presence of organic phase

The effects of surfactants on dibenzothiophene (DBT) degradation by Corynebacterium sp. ZD-1 were investigated in hydrocarbon aqueous biphasic (O/W) systems in shake flask. Among Brij-35, Tween-80, Triton-100X and β-cyclodextrin, Tween-80 was a suitable surfactant to improve the desulfurization rate of dibenzothiophene. The amount of 2-hydroxybiphenyl (2-HBP) formed with Tween-80 present was about 50% more than that formed without surfactant. The results demonstrated that Tween-80 could improve the mass transfer of DBT between organic and aqueous phases, and could be used in dibenzothiophene biodesulfurization systems.

Estimates of CO2 emissions in Shanghai (China) in 1990 and 2010

CO2 is a significant greenhouse gas. CO2 emissions result mainly from energy consumption, which is closely related to the rate of economic development, efficiency of energy use and the structure of the energy-supply system. We estimate CO2 emissions in Shanghai for 1990 and 2010 and compare our results for Shanghai with those of other regions in the world. There exists a large CO2 reduction potential for Shanghai.

Study on Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Jiangsu Province

This paper has attempted to do a statistical analysis of the inventory of greenhouse gas emissions from Jiangsu province in 1990, based on the methods provided in IPCC Guidelines (1995), hereby to investigate and evaluate the present situation of emissions of GHGs such as CO2, CH4 from the energy sector, industries, and agriculture. The study has found the annual per capita GHG emissions as follows: CO2, 1.97 ton/person; CH4, 22.65 kg person-1; N2O, 0.11 kg person-1. The emission levels are close to the national average, and half of the world average. Energy consumption activities, among other activities, is the main source of CO2 emission in Jiangsu province, which accounts for 91.6% of the total emission. The emission of CH4 can be traced mainly to the cultivation of rice, which accounts for 44.1% of the emission.

Use of renewable energy presents great potential for mitigating CO2 emissions in east China

Two major approaches exist for mitigating CO2 emission in east China (including Jiangsu province, Zhejiang province, and Shanghai City, also called JZS district). One is to raise the efficiency of energy use and conserve energy. The other is to gradually change the structure of the energy system, that is, to advocate the use of alternative energy, such as hydropower, solar energy, wind energy, and biomass, and in the meantime decrease the use of fossil fuels. The latter approach will be studied in this paper for the JZS district. The use of renewable energy is very small, less than 0.5% of the total energy supply in 1990 (except for the now available hydraulic power generation, which accounts for 5.5% of the total energy supply today). It is estimated that the use of renewable energy will reach 5.78 Mtce, 2.8% of the total energy supply, in 2000. The use of renewable energy will reduce CO2 emissions by 15.3 Mt, 5.6% of the emission level in 1990. By 2010, the use of renewable energy will reach 18.75 Mtce, reducing CO2 emission by 49.65 Mt, 18.1% of the emissions in 1990.

Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Energy-Consuming Activities in Jiangsu Province

This paper contains an inventory of greenhouse emissions from energy-consuming activities in Jiangsu Province in 1990, following the conventions set in IPCC Guidelines (1995). The inventory data are further analyzed and evaluated. The CO 2 emissions from energy consumption activities are: 53.7 % from the sector of indus tries; 28.4 % from the sector of energy production and transformation; 3.0 % from transportation;13.8 % from small combustion, and 1.0 % from others.