Wang Hui-ming

New numerical method for volterra integral equation of the second kind in piezoelastic dynamic problems

The elastodynamic problems of piezoelectric hollow cylinders and spheres under radial deformation can be transformed into a second kind Volterra integral equation about a function with respect to time, which greatly simplifies the solving procedure for such elastodynamic problems. Meanwhile, it becomes very important to find a way to solve the second kind Volterra integral equation effectively and quickly. By using an interpolation function to approximate the unknown function, two new recursive formulae were derived, based on which numerical solution can be obtained step by step. The present method can provide accurate numerical results efficiently. It is also very stable for long time calculating.

A theoretical solution of cylindrical shells for axisymmetric plain strain elastodynamic problems

A method is developed for the transient responses of axisymmetric plain strain problems of cylindrical shells subjected to dynamic loads. Firstly, a special function was introduced to transform the inhomogeneous boundary conditions into the homogeneous ones. Secondly, using the method of separation of variables, the quantity that the displacement subtracts the special function was expanded as the multiplication series of Bassel functions and time functions. Then by virtue of the orthogonal properties of Bessel functions, the equation with respect to the time variable was derived, of which the solution is easily obtained. The displacement solution was finally obtained by adding the two parts mentioned above. The present method can avoid the integral transform and is fit for arbitrary loads. Numerical results are presented for internally shocked isotropic and cylindrically isotropic cylindrical shells and externally shocked cylinders, as well as for an externally shocked, cylindrically isotropic cylindrical shell that is fixed at the internal surface.

ANALYTICAL SOLUTION FOR FIXED-FIXED ANISOTROPIC BEAM SUBJECTED TO UNIFORM LOAD

The analytical solutions of the stresses and displacements were obtained for fixed-fixed anisotropic beams subjected to uniform load. A stress function involving unknown coefficients was constructed, and the general expressions of stress and displacement were obtained by means of Airy stress function method. Two types of the description for the fixed end boundary condition were considered. The introduced unknown coefficients in stress function were determined by using the boundary conditions. The analytical solutions for stresses and displacements were finally obtained. Numerical tests show that the analytical solutions agree with the FEM results. The analytical solution supplies a classical example for the elasticity theory.

Transient thermal stresses in an orthotropic hollow cylinder for axisymmetric problems

For the thermoelastic dynamic axisymmetric problem of a finite orthotropic hollow cylinder, one comes closer to reality to involve the effect of axial strain than to consider the plane strain case only. However, additional mathematical difficulties should be encountered and a different solution procedure should be developed. By the separation of variables, the thermoelastic axisymmetric dynamic problem of an orthotropic hollow cylinder taking account of the axial strain is transformed to a Volterra integral equation of the second kind for a function of time, which can be solved efficiently and quickly by the interpolation method. The solutions of displacements and stresses are obtained. It is noted that the present method is suitable for an orthotropic hollow cylinder with an arbitrary thickness subjected to arbitrary axisymmetric thermal loads. Numerical comparison is made to show the effect of the axial strain on the displacements and stresses.

Theoretical solution of a spherically isotrophic hollow sphere for dynamic thermoelastic problems

The separation of variables method was successfully, used to resolve the spherically symmetric dynamic thermoelastic problem for a spherically isotropic elastic hollow sphere. Use of the integral transform can be avoided by means of this method, which is also appropriate for an arbitrary thickness hollow sphere subjected to arbitrary thermal and mechanical loads. Numerical results are presented to show the dynamic stress responses in the uniformly heated hollow spheres.

NUMERICAL APPROACH FOR A SYSTEM OF SECOND KIND VOLTERRA INTEGRAL EQUATIONS IN MAGNETO-ELECTRO-ELASTIC DYNAMIC PROBLEMS

The elastodynamic problems of magneto-electro-elastic hollow cylinders in the state of axisymmetric plane strain case can be transformed into two Volterra integral equations of the second kind about two functions with respect to time. Interpolation functions were introduced to approximate two unknown functions in each time subinterval and two new recursive formulae are derived. By using the recursive formulae, numerical results were obtained step by step. Under the same time step, the accuracy of the numerical results by the present method is much higher than that by the traditional quadrature method.

Dynamic responses of a multilayer piezoelectric hollow cylinder under electric potential excitation

The dynamic responses of a multilayer piezoelectric infinite hollow cylinder under electric potential excitation were obtained. The method of superposition was used to divide the solution into two parts, the part satisfying the mechanical boundary conditions and continuity conditions was first obtained by solving a system of linear equations; the other part was obtained by the separation of variables method. The present method is suitable for a multilayer piezoelectric infinite hollow cylinder consisting of arbitrary layers and subjected to arbitrary axisymmetric electric excitation. Dynamic responses of stress and electric potential are finally presented and analyzed.

Effects of breakfast with different calorigenic amounts on blood glucose, insulin and glucagon levels

This study was aimed to investigate the relationship between breakfast and serum glucose, insulin and glucagon concentrations in order to establish a model breakfast appropriate for Chinese. Twenty-four volunteers were randomly assigned to four study groups: high carbohydrate breakfast, high fat and protein breakfast, the typical breakfast and fasting. Each subject had serum and urine samples collected while fasting and at 1,2 and 3.5 hours following the meal. The concentration of serum glucose, insulin and glucagon was measured. The levels of serum glucose in group A, B and C differed significantly at 1 and 2 hour after meal compared to those at fasting (P<0.05). The serum glucose in group A increased insignificantly after meal. The serum insulin levels were in group A,B and C significant different compared with control group (P<0.05). Those peaked at 1 hour after meal, with group C rising the furthest. Compared with the fasting group, the serum glucagons rose and maintained the increase after breakfast in group A,B and C (P<0.05). The data suggested that various diets with different calorigenic amounts increased hormone concentration to various extents. We found that a breakfast rich in carbohydrates could maintain proper blood glucose level.