Wenbin Zhang

Aliskiren-attenuated myocardium apoptosis via regulation of autophagy and connexin-43 in aged spontaneously hypertensive rats

There are controversies about the mechanism of myocardium apoptosis in hypertensive heart disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship among autophagy, Cx43 and apoptosis in aged spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) and establish whether Aliskiren is effective or not for the treatment of myocardium apoptosis. Twenty‐one SHRs aged 52 weeks were randomly divided into three groups, the first two receiving Aliskiren at a dose of 10 and 25 mg/kg/day respectively; the third, placebo for comparison with seven Wistar‐Kyoto (WKY) as controls. After a 2‐month treatment, systolic blood pressure (SBP), heart to bw ratios (HW/BW%) and angiotensin II (AngII) concentration were significantly enhanced in SHRs respectively. Apoptotic cardiomyocytes detected with TUNEL and immunofluorescent labelling for active caspase‐3 increased nearly fourfolds in SHRs, with a decline in the expression of survivin and AKT activation, and an increase in caspase‐3 activation and the ratio of Bax/Bcl‐2. Myocardium autophagy, detected with immunofluorescent labelling for LC3‐II, increased nearly threefolds in SHRs, with the up‐regulation of Atg5, Atg16L1, Beclin‐1 and LC3‐II. The expression of Cx43 plaque was found to be down‐regulated in SHRs. Aliskiren significantly reduced SBP, HW/BW%, AngII concentration and the expression of AT1R. Thus, Aliskiren protects myocardium against apoptosis by decreasing autophagy, up‐regulating Cx43. These effects showed a dose‐dependent tendency, but no significance. In conclusion, the myocardium apoptosis developed during the hypertensive end‐stage of SHRs could be ameliorated by Aliskiren via the regulation of myocardium autophagy and maladaptive remodelling of Cx43.

In Vivo Calcium Detection by Comparing Optical Coherence Tomography, Intravascular Ultrasound, and Angiography

OBJECTIVESnThe aim of this study was to evaluate optical coherence tomography (OCT) and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) versus coronary angiography in the assessment of target lesion calcification and its effect on stent expansion.nnnBACKGROUNDnIVUS is more sensitive than angiography in the detection of coronary artery calcium, but the relationship among IVUS, OCT, and angiography has not been studied.nnnMETHODSnOverall, 440 lesions (440 patients with stable angina) underwent OCT- and IVUS-guided stent implantation. Coronary calcification was evaluated using: 1) angiography; 2) IVUS (maximum calcium angle and the surface pattern); and 3) OCT (mean and maximum calcium angle, calcium length, and maximum calcium thickness).nnnRESULTSnMedian patient age was 66 years, and 82.5% were men. Among 440 lesions, calcium was detected by angiography in 40.2%, IVUS in 82.7%, and OCT in 76.8%. The maximum calcium angle, maximum calcium thickness, andxa0calcium length by OCT or IVUS increased in relation to the increasing severity of angiographically visible calcium. Inxa013.2% of lesions with IVUS-detected calcium, calcium was either not visible or was underestimated (>90° smaller maximum arc) by OCT mostly due to superficial OCT plaque attenuation. In 21.6% of lesions with IVUS calcium angle >180°, angiography did not detect any calcium; these lesions had thinner and shorter calcium deposits as assessed using OCT, and final minimum stent area was larger compared to those with angiographically visible calcium. In lesions withxa0thinner calcium deposits by OCT, IVUS detected a smooth surface with reverberations whereas thick calcium deposits were associated with an irregular surface without reverberations.nnnCONCLUSIONSnAngiographic detection of target lesion coronary calcium (compared to intravascular imaging) has not changed in the past 2 decades, and angiographically invisible calcium (only detectable by IVUS or OCT) did notxa0appearxa0to inhibit stent expansion.

TCT-562 Impact of Serum LDL and Statin Therapy on Coronary Plaque Morphology: An OCT and IVUS Co-registered Study

We sought to investigate the association between serum LDL cholesterol, statin use, plaque vulnerability, and lipid composition using both optical coherence tomography (OCT) and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS).nnWe retrospectively analyzed 805 pts with CAD (38.9% acute coronary syndromes [ACS]) who

TCT-576 Clinical Determinants of Plaque Morphology in Coronary Artery Disease: An OCT and IVUS Co-Registered Study

We sought to investigate clinical determinants of overall disease burden and plaque vulnerability using both optical coherence tomography (OCT) and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) in a large cohort of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).nnWe retrospectively analyzed a total of 811 patients

TCT-566 Association Between Lesion Remodeling and Plaque Morphology Assessed By Intravascular Ultrasound and Optical Coherence Tomography

We evaluated the association between intravascular ultrasound (IVUS)-defined remodeling and optical coherence tomography (OCT)-defined plaque morphology.nnOverall, 277 pts with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) and 421 pts with stable angina underwent IVUS and OCT pre-PCI. IVUS remodeling index (RI)

TCT-585 Predictors of Calcified Nodule Assessed by Optical Coherence Tomography

TCT-584 Is there Benefit in Intravascular Ultrasound-guided Stenting in Simple Left Main Disease? Yong Hoon Kim, Seung-Woon Rha, Ae-Young Her, Byoung Geol Choi, Jae Kyeong Byun, Se Yeon Choi, Jun Hyuk Kang, Woo Hyeun Kim, Ja Yeon Choi, James Hall, Sung Hun Park, SunKi Lee, Hu Li, Jin Oh Na, Cheol Ung Choi, Jin Won Kim, Hong Euy Lim, Eung Ju Kim, Chang Gyu Park, Hong-Seog Seo, Dong Joo Oh Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon city, Korea, Republic of; Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of; Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea, Republic of; Korea University Guro Hospital, Huelva; The James Cook University Hospital; Durham University; Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh; The James Cook University Hospital; The James Cook University Hospital; The James Cook University Hospital, United States; The James Cook University Hospital; The James Cook University Hospital; Korea University Anam Hospital; Samsung medical center; Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of; Unknown, Seoul, Korea, Republic of; Shree B.D. Mehta Mahavir Heart Institute, Surat, Gujarat, India; Pariyaram Medical College, Kannur, Kerala, India; Apollo Hospitals International Limited, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India; Unknown, Seoul, Korea, Republic of; Korea university Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of

TCT-587 Can OCT-Detected Healed Plaque Rupture or Erosion Predict Side Branch Occlusion?

Healed asymptomatic plaque rupture/erosion can be detected by optical coherence tomography (OCT). We hypothesized that healed plaque (HP) is relatively soft and easily shifts into a side branch (SB) during bifurcation stenting.nnWe studied 195 pts with 207 bifurcation lesions (SB diameter >1.5 mm)

The effect and mechanism of β-blocker, bisoprolol, on the hypertrophy of cardiomyocytes of neonatal rats induced by high glucose levels

Objective To study the effect of β-blocker, bisoprolol on the hypertrophy of cardiomyocytes of neonatal rats induced by high glucose levels, and investigate the mechanism of PKC signal transduction pathway on the structure, function alterations of cardiomyocytes cultured in high glucose levels. Methods Using cultured neonatal cardiac myocytes as a model, groups were divided into: control group (glucose level 5 mmol/l); high glucose group (glucose level 25.5 mmol/l); high glucose (glucose level 25.5 mmol/l)+bisoprolol (10 mmol/l); high glucose (glucose level 25.5 mmol/l)+bisoprolol (40 mmol/l); high glucose (glucose level 25.5 mmol/l)+NF-κB inhibitor (BAY11–7082, 5 mmol/l). The cardiomyocytes were cultured for 48 h in different groups after adding corresponding treat factors, the cellular contracting frequency was counted, the cardiomyocytes diameters were measured and the expression of PKCα, PKCβ2, p-PKCα, p-PKCβ2, NF-κB, TNFα and c-fos were measured by western blot and RT-PCR. Results Compared with control group, neonatal cardiomyocytes cultured in high glucose concentration showed an increased pulsatile frequency, cellular diameters and higher expression of PKCα, PKCβ2, p-PKCα, p-PKCβ2, NF-κB, TNFα and c-fos, β-blocker, bisoprolol, and NF-κB inhibitor BAY11–7082 could reverse these changes induced by high glucose concentration. Conclusions High glucose levels could induce hypertrophy of cardiomyocytes, β-blocker, bisoprolol can reverse the effect of high glucose on the cardiac myocytes; it may have a protective effect on diabetic cardiomyopathy via PKC/NF-κB/c-fos passageway.