Werner Rosenkranz

Reduced complexity optical duobinary 10-Gb/s transmitter setup resulting in an increased transmission distance

We present a transmitter setup for optical duobinary transmission with reduced complexity resulting from a simple precoder and from using a standard single-arm Mach-Zehnder modulator. With this setup, data transmission at 10 Gb/s over a record length of 252-km uncompensated standard single-mode fiber (SSMF) is demonstrated.

High spectral efficiency 1.6-b/s/Hz transmission (8 x 40 Gb/s with a 25-GHz grid) over 200-km SSMF using RZ-DQPSK and polarization multiplexing

With relatively simple standard transmission equipment, we achieved a wavelength-division-multiplexing transmission with a record-high spectral efficiency of 1.6 b/s/Hz using return-to-zero differential quadrature phase-shift keying and polarization multiplexing over 200-km standard single-mode fiber with a 40-Gb/s capacity per wavelength but 10-GSymbol/s rate.

CF-RZ-DPSK for suppression of XPM on dispersion-managed long-haul optical WDM transmission on standard single-mode fiber

We present a new optical modulation format chirp-free return-to-zero differential phase shift keying (CF-RZ-DPSK), which enables wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) transmission at 10 Gb/s/ch at a channel spacing of 100 GHz over 3000 km without significant impairments due to cross-phase modulation (XPM). A transmitter setup is presented, which allows a simple implementation of CF-RZ-DPSK with two Mach-Zehnder modulators in push-pull operation. The robustness toward XPM is shown theoretically with the help of a simple analytical model for the XPM-induced phase modulation. The superior performance of CF-RZ-DPSK over other modulation formats [RZ-ampfitude shift keying (ASK), nonreturn-to-zero (NRZ)-DPSK, and NRZ-ASK, respectively] is clarified. Finally, simulation results for CF-RZ-DPSK in comparison to RZ-ASK show the superior performance of the newly proposed modulation format in a dense WDM setup.

Nonlinear Electrical Equalization for Different Modulation Formats With Optical Filtering

Based on bit-error-ratio simulations, we investigate electrical-dispersion-compensation performance by using a nonlinear electrical equalizer based on nonlinear Volterra theory for different modulation formats. This nonlinear equalizer is compared to conventional decision-feedback equalizer as well as to maximum-likelihood sequence estimation. Especially, we show that nonlinear equalizers, in conjunction with narrowband optical filtering of the light signal, result in improved performance. First of all, the system can benefit from the noise reduction due to narrowband filtering. Second, interacting with chromatic dispersion, nonlinear equalizers benefit from the improved dispersion tolerance through spectrum reshaping by narrowband optical filtering. Finally, nonlinear equalizers can efficiently mitigate the distortion resulting from strong optical filtering

On the performance of the electrical equalization technique in MMF links for 10-gigabit ethernet

In this paper, the electrical equalization technique utilized in multimode fiber (MMF) links for 10-Gigabit Ethernet is reported. This paper presents and compares three kinds of equalizers: linear equalizer, decision feedback equalizer (DFE), and a nonlinear finite-impulse-response DFE (NL-FIR-DFE) based on the analysis of nonlinear operations of direct modulation and detection in MMF links. Computer simulations reveal that NL-FIR-DFE exhibits superior performance in comparison with normal DFE. The equalization performance for an MMF channel with bandwidth 500 MHz-km as well as 160 MHz-km is demonstrated. It is demonstrated that with direct modulation of cost-effective vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) or Fabry-Perot laser, the transmission distance for installed MMF with a bandwidth of 500 MHz-km at 10 Gb/s can be extended to 300 m with an appropriate offset restricted mode launch condition by utilizing normal DFE and to more than 650 m for NL-FIR-DFE. Moreover, it is shown that the transmission distance for an MMF with a bandwidth of 160 MHz-km can reach 300 m with more than seven times bandwidth improvement by using NL-FIR-DFE.

Efficient numerical simulation of multichannel WDM transmission systems limited by XPM

For numerical simulation of wavelength-division-multiplexed transmission lines including group-velocity dispersion, self-phase modulation, and cross-phase modulation, the computation time is reduced by almost one order of magnitude. This is done by taking into account the channel walkoff within one split step.

An adaptive optical equalizer concept for single channel distortion compensation

We present a new adaptive optical equalizer concept for single-channel distortion compensation and analyze the performance of an adaptive optical FIR-filter in lattice structure (cascaded MZI) with respect to equalization of residual dispersion, self-phase modulation and polarization-mode dispersion.

Spectral Efficiency and Receiver Sensitivity in Direct Detection Optical-OFDM

We show by analysis and simulation that by proper biasing of the optical modulator, the intermodulation distortion is minimized. Thus the spectral efficiency can be improved and receiver sensitivity can be exchanged against spectral width.

Experimental investigation of receiver sensitivity of RZ-DQPSK modulation using balanced detection

We investigate experimentally the power penalty obtained by doubling the data rate from 10 Gb/s using RZ-DPSK modulation format to 20 Gb/s using RZ-DQPSK modulation format. The measurement results confirm theoretical limits and compare balanced and single-ended detection.

Impact of Modulator Bias on the OSNR Requirement of Direct-Detection Optical OFDM

In optical orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) with direct detection, modulator bias voltage has a significant impact on receiver sensitivity. It is a compromise between control of carrier power and nonlinear distortion of the OFDM signal. In this letter, sensitivity improvement due to reduction of carrier power is treated analytically. Its range of validity is examined by simulation. The impact of nonlinearity is identified as the difference in sensitivity between a linear and a nonlinear model.