Willa Friedman

Advertising for Demand Creation for Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision.

Objective:To measure the effects of information, a challenge, and a conditional cash transfer on take-up of voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC). Design:A randomized, controlled experiment with 4000 postcard recipients in Soweto (Johannesburg), South Africa. Methods:We examined differences in take-up of several decisions in the VMMC cascade between the control arm and each of several intervention arms using logistic regression. Results:Logistic regression analysis indicated that the group offered US

Education as Liberation

10 as compensation and the group challenged with “Are you tough enough?” had significantly higher take-up of the VMMC procedure than did the control group [odds ratios, respectively, 5.30 (CI: 2.20 to 12.76) and 2.70 (CI: 1.05 to 6.91)]. Similarly, the compensation group had significantly higher take-up of the VMMC counseling session than did the control group [odds ratio 3.76 (CI: 1.79 to 7.89)]. The analysis did not reveal significantly different take-up of either the VMMC counseling session or the procedure in the partner preference information group compared with the control group [odds ratios, respectively, 1.23 (CI: 0.51 to 2.97) and 1.67 (CI: 0.61 to 4.62)]. The analysis did not reveal significantly higher take-up of the VMMC nurse hotline in any intervention group compared with the control group [odds ratios for US

Local Economic Conditions and Participation in the Rwandan Genocide

10, information, and challenge, respectively, 1.17 (CI: 0.67 to 2.07), 0.69 (CI: 0.36 to 1.32), and 0.60 (0.31 to 1.18)]. Conclusions:Among adult males in Soweto, South Africa, compensation of US

Antiretroviral Drug Access and Behavior Change

10 provided conditional on completing the VMMC counseling session compared with no compensation offer and a postcard with a challenge, “Are you tough enough?” compared with no challenge, resulted in moderate increases in take-up of circumcision.