William B. Vance

Olfactory bulb resection and water intake in the white rat

Bilateral transection of the olfactory bulbs in rats abolishes drinking in response to sodium loads but does not afect ad lib water intake, body weight, urine output, sodium chloride preference, or increased sodium intake with desoxycorticosterone treatment.

Oral infusion and taste preference behavior in the white rat

Preferences for sucrose, saccharin, and sodium chloride solutions were studied by the two-bottle technique while varying concentrations of the same solutions were continuously infused into the oral cavity. Increasing the in fusa te concentration of sucrose and saccharin linearly decreased preference, while sodium chloride preference was equally depressed at all concentrations of infusa te.

Water intake of hyposalemic anosmic rats

While the olfactory bulbs appear to be important in sodium thirst, animals with olfactory bulbs transected show an increased water intake following sodium depletion which is indistinguishable from unoperated controls.

The effects of olfactory and frontal pole lesions on the drinking response to hypertonic loading in rats

The drinking response to hypertonic loads can be depressed by frontal pole and/or olfactory bulb lesions. In order to evaluate the role of each of these structures, 36 rats were mechanically or electrolytically lesioned in the olfactory bulbs or frontal poles. Following hypertonic loading by IP injection of NaCl, animals with olfactory lesions always drank like normal control animals, while animals with frontal lesions showed depressed, normal, or elevated drinking responses. These results were interpreted in relation to the known physiology of the hypothalamus and connections between hypothalamus and frontal poles.

The effects of vagotomy on the water intake of the white rat

Unilateral, cervical vagotomy was found to reduce significantly the water intake of rats under conditions of ad lib food and water intake and during food deprivation. Vagotomy had no effect on hypovolemic drinking produced by polyethylene glycol injection. In addition, animals with right cervical vagotomies showed a significantly greater urine output than did controls or animals with left cervical vagotomies.

Sodium thirst in nephrectomized and nephrectomized-anosmic rats

Olfactory bulb resection in nephrectomized rats completely abolishes water intake in response to intraperitoneal sodium loading.

Decreased urine formation in sodium depleted rats

Sodium deficient rats show a marked antidiuresis in response to an intragastric water load thus invalidating the hypothesis that increased water intake of hyposalemic animals results from an increased urine formation.