William F. Ranieri

Scale for suicide ideation: Psychometric properties of a self‐report version

A self-report version of the Scale for Suicide Ideation (SSI) was administered to 50 inpatients diagnosed with mixed DSM-III psychiatric disorders and 55 outpatients with affective disorders. The self-report SSI was written for both paper-and-pencil and computer administration. The correlations between the self-reported and clinically rated versions for both inpatients and outpatients were greater than .90, which suggests strong concurrent validity. The Cronbach coefficient alphas for the paper-and-pencil and computer versions were also in the .90s and indicated high internal consistency. Furthermore, the mean SSI scores of the computer version for both the inpatients and outpatients were higher than the mean SSI scores of the clinical ratings; the patients described more severe suicide ideation than clinicians reported.

Dimensions of the Beck depression inventory‐II in clinically depressed outpatients

To ascertain the dimensions of the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II; Beck, Steer, & Brown, 1996) in clinically depressed outpatients, exploratory factor analyses were performed with the BDI-II responses of 210 adult (> or =18 years) outpatients who were diagnosed with DSM-IV depressive disorders. Two factors representing Somatic-Affective and Cognitive dimensions were found whose compositions were comparable to those previously reported by Beck, Steer, and Brown (1996) for psychiatric outpatients in general. A subsequent confirmatory factor analysis supported a model in which the BDI-II reflected one underlying second-order dimension of self-reported depression composed of two first-order factors representing cognitive and noncognitive symptoms. The clinical utility of using subscales based on these two latter first-order symptom dimensions was discussed.

Further evidence for the validity of the beck anxiety inventory with psychiatric outpatients

Abstract To provide further information about the psychometric characteristics of the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), the BAI was administered to 470 outpatients with mixed psychiatric disorders along with the revised Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the SCL-90-R. The BAIs internal consistency was high (alpha = .92), and it was significantly more correlated with the SCL-90-R Anxiety subscale ( r = .81) than it was with SCL-90-R Depression subscale ( r = .62). However, it was also significantly correlated with the BDI ( r = .61). The mean BAI scores of the 141 (30.0%) outpatients with mood disorders and the 86 (18.3%) outpatients with anxiety disorders were comparable, but higher than the mean BAI score of the 243 (51.7%) outpatients with other disorders. A principal components analysis found the previously reported subjective, neurophysiological, panic , and autonomic dimensions. The results are discussed as providing further evidence for the use of the BAI with psychiatric outpatients.

Use of the Beck Depression Inventory-II with Adolescent Psychiatric Outpatients

To provide information on the use of the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) with adolescents, the BDI-II was administered to 105 male and 105 female outpatients between 12 and 18 years old who were seeking psychiatric treatment. The internal consistency of the BDI-II was high (coefficient α = .92). The mean BDI-II total score of the girls was approximately 5 points higher than that of the boys (p < .001), and age (years) was positively correlated with the BDI-II total scores (r = .18, p < .01). An iterated principal-factor analysis identified three factors, but only the Cognitive and Somatic-Affective factors were generalizable.

Common and specific dimensions of self-reported anxiety and depression: the BDI-II versus the BDI-IA

The Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) [Beck, A. T., Steer, R. A. & Brown, G. K. (1996). Manual for Beck Depression Inventory-II. San Antonio, TX: Psychological Corporation.] and Anxiety Inventory (BAI) [Beck, A. T. & Steer, R. A. (1993a). Manual for the Beck Anxiety Inventory. San Antonio, TX: Psychological Corporation.] were administered to 840 outpatients who were diagnosed with various types of psychiatric disorders to determine whether the general symptom compositions and relative amounts of variance of the common and specific dimensions of self-reported anxiety and depression for these instruments would be comparable to those that had been found by Steer et al. [Steer, R. A., Clark, D. A., Beck, A. T. & Ranieri, W. F. (1995). Common and specific dimensions of self-reported anxiety and depression: A replication. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 104, 542-545.] with the BAI and amended Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-IA) [Beck, A. T. & Steer, R. A. (1993b). Manual for the Beck Depression Inventory. San Antonio, TX: Psychological Corporation.]. A Schmid-Leiman transformation was used with the iterated-principal-factor pattern matrix of the BAI and the BDI-II loadings and indicated that the overall symptom compositions and relative amounts of variance that were explained by the one common and two specific anxiety and depression dimensions were comparable to those previously found with the BDI-IA.

Common and specific dimensions of self-reported anxiety and depression: A replication.

To investigate the generalizability of D. A. Clark, R. A. Steer, and A. T. Becks (1994) findings about the common and specific dimensions of self-reported anxiety and depression, the authors administered the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories to 1,000 outpatients diagnosed with various types of psychiatric disorders. Iterated principal-factor analyses with oblique rotation, followed by a Schmid-Leiman transformation, indicated that the amounts of extracted variance and symptom compositions of the resultant factors were comparable to those found in the previous study. The results from both studies are discussed as supporting the tripartite (L. A. Clark & D. Watson, 1991) and cognitive-specificity (A. T. Beck, 1976, 1987) models of anxiety and depression.

Use of the Beck Anxiety Inventory with adolescent psychiatric outpatients.

The Beck Anxiety Inventory was administered to 105 outpatients between 13 and 17 years old who were diagnosed with various types of psychiatric disorders. A principal factor analysis was performed, and two factors were found representing subjective and somatic symptoms of anxiety. The item compositions of these factors were comparable to those previously described for adolescent inpatients. The results are discussed as supporting the use of the inventory for evaluating self-reported anxiety in outpatient adolescents.

Use of the computer-administered Beck depression inventory and hopelessness scale with psychiatric inpatients

Abstract Computer-administered versions of the revised Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Hopelessness Scale (BHS) were administered to 330 inpatients diagnosed with mixed psychiatric disorders. The coefficient alpha for the BDI was .92, and the Kuder — Richardson-20 (KR-20) for the BHS was .91. All of the corrected-item correlations for both the BDI and BHS were significant (p