Willian X. C. Oliveira

Photoluminescent and Slow Magnetic Relaxation Studies on Lanthanide(III)-2,5-pyrazinedicarboxylate Frameworks

In the series described in this work, the hydrothermal synthesis led to oxidation of the 5-methyl-pyrazinecarboxylate anion to the 2,5-pyrazinedicarboxylate dianion (2,5-pzdc) allowing the preparation of three-dimensional (3D) lanthanide(III) organic frameworks of formula {[Ln2(2,5-pzdc)3(H2O)4]·6H2O}n [Ln = Ce (1), Pr (2), Nd (3), and Eu (4)] and {[Er2(2,5-pzdc)3(H2O)4]·5H2O}n (5). Single-crystal X-ray diffraction on 1-5 reveals that they crystallize in the triclinic system, P1̅ space group with the series 1-4 being isostructural. The crystal structure of the five compounds are 3D with the lanthanide(III) ions linked through 2,5-pzdc2- dianions acting as two- and fourfold connectors, building a binodal 4,4-connected (4·648)(426282)-mog network. The photophysical properties of the Nd(III) (3) and Eu(III) (4) complexes exhibit sensitized photoluminescence in the near-infrared and visible regions, respectively. The photoluminescence intensity and lifetime of 4 were very sensitive due to the luminescence quenching of the 5D0 level by O-H oscillators of four water molecules in the first coordination sphere leading to a quantum efficiency of 11%. Variable-temperature magnetic susceptibility measurements for 1-5 reveal behaviors as expected for the ground terms of the magnetically isolated rare-earth ions [2F5/2, 2H4, 4I9/2, 7F0, and 4I15/2 for Ce(III), Pr(III), Nd(III), Eu(III), and Er(III), respectively] with MJ = 0 (2 and 4) and ±1/2 (1, 3, and 5). Q-band electron paramagnetic resonance measurements at low temperature corroborate these facts. Frequency-dependent alternating-current magnetic susceptibility signals under external direct-current fields in the range of 100-2500 G were observed for the Kramers ions of 1, 3, and 5, indicating slow magnetic relaxation (single-ion magnet) behavior. In these compounds, τ-1 decreases with decreasing temperature at any magnetic field, but no Arrhenius law can simulate such a dependence in all the temperature range. This dependence can be reproduced by the contributions of direct and Raman processes, the Raman exponent (n) reaching the expected value (n = 9) for a Kramers system.

Direct sequential C–H iodination/organoyl-thiolation for the benzenoid A-ring modification of quinonoid deactivated systems: a new protocol for potent trypanocidal quinones

We report a sequential C-H iodination/organoyl-thiolation of naphthoquinones and their relevant trypanocidal activity. Under a combination of AgSR with a copper source, sulfur-substituted benzenoid quinones were prepared in high yields (generally >90%). This provides an efficient and general method for preparing A-ring modified naphthoquinoidal systems, recognized as a challenge in quinone chemistry.

Solvent-driven dimensionality control in molecular systems containing CuII, 2,2′-bipyridine and an oxamato-based ligand

A discrete dicopper(II) system, [Cu(bipy)(H2mpba)]2·2H2O (1), and its isomeric chain, [Cu(bipy)(H2mpba)]·dmso (2) [bipy = 2,2′-bipyridine and H4mpba = N,N′-1,3-phenylenebis(oxamic acid)], were obtained by modifying the ratio of the H2O–dmso solvent mixture, and their interconversion was also monitored by changing the solvents during the synthesis. The solvents play an essential role in the formation and crystallization of these complexes, presenting different dimensionalities and connectivities. The double deprotonated H2mpba2− adopts the bidentate/monodentate (1) and bis-bidentate (2) bridging modes toward the (2,2′-bipyridyl)copper(II) units affording a dinuclear compound (1) and a linear chain (2), respectively. Variable-temperature magnetic measurements show the occurrence of weak intradinuclear (1) and intrachain (2) antiferromagnetic interactions.

Oxotris(oxalate)niobate(V): An oxalate delivery agent in the design of building blocks

Abstract This work concerns the oxalate delivery process that occurs when using (NH4)3[NbO(C2O4)3]·6H2O as a suitable oxalate source in the synthesis of two compounds, [Cu(dmphen)(C2O4)(H2O)] (1) and [{Cu(dmphen)(CH3OH)}2(μ-C2O4)](ClO4)2 (2) (dmphen = 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline). {[Fe{HB(pz)3}(CN)2(μ-CN)]2[{Cu(dmphen)}2(μ-C2O4)]}∙xCH3OH (3) (2.0 ≤ x ≤ 2.4) was obtained by reacting 2 and PPh4[Fe{HB(pz)3}(CN)3]∙H2O [ = tetraphenylphosphonium and = tris(pyrazolyl)borate]. Crystal structures of 1–3 have been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction experiments: 1 is a mononuclear trigonal bipyramidal copper(II) species, 2 is a centrosymmetric oxalato-bridged dicopper(II) complex, and 3 consists of centrosymmetric tetranuclear units with intramolecular iron–copper and copper–copper distances around 5.010(1) and 5.1833(9) Å, respectively. Variable-temperature magnetic measurements of 2 and 3 were carried out from 50 to 350 (1) and 1.9 to 300 K (3). A strong antiferromagnetic interaction between copper(II) ions occurs in 2 (J = −340 cm−1, the spin Hamiltonian being defined as ). Analysis of the magnetic data of 3 shows magnetic interactions across the oxalate (J1 = −341 cm−1) and single cyanide (J2 = +12.9 cm−1) … (J2 = +12.9 cm−1) bridges . Simple symmetry considerations of the interacting magnetic orbitals in 2 and 3 provide a clear picture of the exchange pathways involved in these complexes.

Towards oxalate-bridged iron(II), cobalt(II), nickel(II) and zinc(II) complexes through oxotris(oxalato)niobate(V): an open air non-oxidizing synthetic route

Four compounds with the formula [M2(dmphen)4(μ-C2O4)](ClO4)2·2dmso [M = Fe (1), Co (2) and Zn (4); dmphen = 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline] and [Ni2(dmphen)4(μ-C2O4)]3[NbO(C2O4)3]2·16H2O (3) have been synthesized using the tris(oxalato)oxoniobate(V) complex anion as the oxalate source, and their structures have been determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. X-ray quality crystals of highly insoluble oxalate-bridged species were obtained by taking advantage of the slow release of oxalate by the tris(oxalato)oxoniobate(V) complex anion. The structures of 1–4 all contain oxalate-bridged dimetal(II) units with didentate dmphen molecules acting as end-cap ligands; electroneutrality is achieved by perchlorate (1–4) and oxotris(oxalato)niobate(V) (3) anions. Each divalent metal ion in 1–4 is tris-chelated in a six-coordinate distorted octahedral environment. The niobium(V) ion in 3 is seven-coordinate in a distorted pentagonal bipyramidal geometry built from one oxo group and six oxygen atoms from three didentate oxalate ligands. The values of the metal–metal separation across the bis-chelating oxalate are 5.626(1) (1), 5.575(1) (2), 5.434(1) to 5.447(1) (3) and 5.603(1) A (4). The cryomagnetic measurements in the temperature range of 2.0 to 300 K for compounds 1–3 show the occurrence of antiferromagnetic interactions between the divalent metal ions across the oxalate bridge. The nature and amplitude of these magnetic interactions are rationalized by simple symmetry considerations and compared with those previously reported for related oxalate-bridged systems.

Solvent effects on the dimensionality of oxamato-bridged manganese(II) compounds

Abstract Two new oxamate-containing manganese(II) complexes, [{Mn(H2edpba)(H2O)2}2]n (1) and [Mn(H2edpba)(dmso)2]∙dmso∙CH3COCH3∙H2O (2) (H4edpba = N,N′-ethylenediphenylenebis(oxamic acid) and dmso = dimethylsulfoxide), have been synthesized and the structures of 1 and 2 were characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The structure of 1 consists of neutral honeycomb networks in which each manganese(II) is six-coordinate by one H2edpba2− ligand and two carboxylate–oxygens from two other H2edpba2− ligands building the equatorial plane. Each manganese is connected to its nearest neighbor through two carboxylate(monoprotonated oxamate) bridges in an anti-syn conformation. A dmso solution of single crystals of 1 was placed under acetone atmosphere affording 2, whereas putting 2 in equimolar water:ethanol mixture results in 1. The molecular structure of 2 is made up of mononuclear manganese(II) units which are interlinked by weak C–H⋯π and edge-to-face π-stacking interactions leading to supramolecular chains along the crystallographic b axis. Magnetic measurements reveal the occurrence of an antiferromagnetic coupling between two manganese(II) ions through anti-syn carboxylate bridges for 1 [J = −1.18 cm−1, the Hamiltonian being defined as H = −J S1.S2] and very weak intrachain ferromagnetic interactions in 2 [J = + 0.046 cm−1, H = −J ∑iSi.Si + 1].

Combination of Aryl Diselenides/Hydrogen Peroxide and Carbon-Nanotube/Rhodium Nanohybrids for Naphthol Oxidation: An Efficient Route towards Trypanocidal Quinones

This work reports a combination of aryl diselenides/hydrogen peroxide and carbon-nanotube (CNT)/rhodium nanohybrids (RhCNT) for naphthol oxidation towards the synthesis of 1,4-naphthoquinones and evaluation of their relevant trypanocidal activity. Under a combination of (PhSe)2 /H2 O2 in the presence of O2 in iPrOH/hexane, several benzenoid (A-ring)-substituted quinones were prepared in moderate to high yields. We also studied the contribution of RhCNT as co-catalyst in this process and, in some cases, yields were improved. This method provides an efficient and versatile alternative for preparing A-ring-modified naphthoquinonoid compounds with relevant biological profile.

Ultra short H-bond in potassium monobasic 1,4-butodioxybis(4'-benzoic) acid

Hydrogen bonds have been exhaustively investigated in order to understand their role in intermolecular interactions [1]. The importance of the hydrogen bonds follows from their particular role in the molecular association thanks to their variable strength and geometry. Indeed depending on the chemical nature of the donor/acceptor as well as on the physical parameters such as temperature and pressure, hydrogen bonds can give rise to directional and/or to hydrophilic like interactions which play a crucial role both in stabilizing static structures and in mediating dynamic biological processes. Among the hydrogen bonds the less common ones are the strongest (and shortest) ones, characterized by donor–acceptor interatomic distances shorter than 2.6 Å with D–H...A angle close to 180o [2]. Most of the short hydrogen bonds observed and reported so far are intramolecular interactions, nevertheless, both the bridging as well as the coordination of the metal ions by carboxylate groups and oxalate anions can provide the possibility of short interactions [3]. During the refinement of the structure of the potassium-monodeprotonated salt of 1,4-butodioxybis(4’-benzoic) acid it was observed a high electron density maxima over the mirror symmetry element. This electron density indicates a hydrogen atom doing an ultra short intermolecular hydrogen bond (2.4846(1) Å) between the deprotonated and non-deprotonated carboxylic acid groups. The seven fold coordinate potassium atom ties the organic moieties pushing the hydrogen atom closer to the deprotonated and negatively charged, carboxylate oxygen atom. The hydrogen atomic displacement parameter suggests, however, a possible positional disorder, which could be interpreted both as symmetrical O–H–O or asymmetrical O–H...O interaction.

The structure of the 1H-imidazol-3-ium lawsonate salt aided by ab initio gas-phase calculations.

For the new organic salt 1H-imidazol-3-ium 1,4-dioxo-1,4-dihydronaphthalen-2-olate, C3H5N2(+)·C10H5O3(-), ab initio calculations of the gas-phase structures of the lawsonate and imidazolium ions were performed to help in the interpretation of the structural features observed. Three different types of hydrogen bond are responsible for the three-dimensional packing of the salt.