Wolfram Eberhard

Guilt and sin in traditional China

haviour depends largely upon the internalization of social norms is, of course, commonplace. The notion that in the process of internalization some societies depend predominantly upon inculcating feelings of guilt and others upon feelings of shame is one of those sweeping generalizations which seem at first sight to be strikingly illuminating but which further reflection tends to reject as both over-simple and over-subtle. Mr. Eberhards latest addition to his many distinguished studies of Chinese social institutions is, among other things, a contribution to the general argument on this matter.

Temple-Building Activities in Medieval and Modern China: An Experimental Study

Historical sociology is characterized by a procedure unlike the procedure of research in general sociology. As a rule, the sociologist who studies present-day problems begins by setting up a number of hypotheses derived from sociological theory ; then he designs a plan to collect relevant data ; and finally he analyzes these data, with more or less developed technical methods, in order to prove or to disprove the original hypotheses. In contrast, the sociologist interested in historical processes first has to search for a body of data amenable to systematic analysis. The character of these data determines to a large extent the questions that can be asked and the methods that can be used in handling the material. This means that finding sets of consistent data is the primary task ; the second task consists in experimenting with these data in order to determine questions that can be answered by the use of this material. Thus, by necessity, specific hypotheses evolve out of the characteristics of the data. It goes without saying that both types of sociologists in the beginning of specific studies depend on their general information and ideas.

Folktales of China

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A History of China.

First published in 1950. This re-issues the fourth edition of 1977. This is a social history of China, presenting the main lines of development of the Chinese social structure from the earliest times to the present day. The book discusses the origins of the present regime and developments in China in the last years, and political, social and cultural changes are all analyzed. The text is based upon the study of original Chinese sources and also the work of Chinese, Japanese and Western scholars.

Das astronomische Weltbild im alten China

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