Worakan Promphan

Cardiac CT angiography in children with congenital heart disease

Cardiac imaging plays an important role in both congenital and acquired heart diseases. Cardiac computed tomography (angiography) cCT(A) is a non-invasive, increasingly popular, complementary modality to echocardiography in evaluation of congenital heart diseases (CHD) in children. Despite radiation exposure, cCT(A) is now commonly used for evaluation of the complex CHD, giving information of both intra-cardiac and extra-cardiac anatomy, coronary arteries, and vascular structures. This review article will focus on the fundamentals and essentials for performing cCT(A) in children, including radiation dose awareness, basic techniques, and strengths and weaknesses of cCT(A) compared with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI), and applications. The limitations of this modality will also be discussed, including the CHD for which cMRI may be substituted.

Closure of Secundum Atrial Septal Defects by Using the Occlutech Occluder Devices in More Than 1300 Patients: The IRFACODE Project: A Retrospective Case Series.

The Occlutech Figulla ASD device series (OFSO) shows an improved device design for interventional ASD closure, larger follow‐up series are missing.

Closure of Secundum Atrial Septal Defects by Using the Occlutech Occluder Devices in More Than 1300 Patients

The Occlutech Figulla ASD device series (OFSO) shows an improved device design for interventional ASD closure, larger follow‐up series are missing.

Cardiac erosion after catheter closure of atrial septal defect: Septal malalignment may be a novel risk factor for erosion

Pericardial tamponade occurred 3 days after the catheter closure of an atrial septal defect (ASD) using Amplatzer Septal Occluder (St. Jude Medical, St. Paul, MN, USA). Before the closure, two-dimensional and real-time three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography demonstrated a deficient aortic rim and atrial septal malalignment. Perforation of the right atrium toward the non-coronary sinus of the aortic root was confirmed at the emergent surgery. Cardiac erosion is one of the most catastrophic complications in ASD patients undergoing catheter closure with Amplatzer Septal Occluder. Hence, several risk factors for this complication are discussed and identified. Oversized device deployment and a deficient aortic rim are accepted factors potentially causing cardiac erosion. Besides, atrial septal malalignment, which is a morphological characteristic of ASD, may be a novel risk factor for cardiac erosion. <Learning objective: Cardiac erosion is a potentially lethal complication when catheter closure of atrial septal defects using Amplatzer Septal Occluder (St. Jude Medical, St. Paul, MN, USA) is provided to the patients. However, mechanisms of this complication remain to be completely elucidated. Atrial septal malalignment may be one of the novel risk factors for this catastrophic complication.>.

TCTAP C-244 Emergency Creation of Atrial Communication in Bilateral Occluded Femoral Veins

### Patient initials or identifier number SL ### Relevant clinical history and physical exam Five years old boy with complex congenital heart disease presented with severe cyanosis and shortness of breath - functional class III. He was tachypneic and had grade III clubbing but no pedal edema. His